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As an essential part of solid-state lithium-ion batteries, solid electrolytes are receiving increasing interest. Among all solid electrolytes, garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) has proven to be one of the most promising electrolytes because of its high ionic conductivity at room temperature, low activation energy, good chemical and electrochemical stability, and wide potential window. Since the first report of LLZO, extensive research has been done in both experimental investigations and theoretical simulations aiming to improve its performance and make LLZO a feasible solid electrolyte. These include developing different methods for the synthesis of LLZO, using different crucibles and different sintering temperatures to stabilize the crystal structure, and adopting different methods of cation doping to achieve more stable LLZO with a higher ionic conductivity and lower activation energy. It also includes intensive efforts made to reveal the mechanism of Li ion movement and understand its determination of the ionic conductivity of the material through molecular dynamic simulations. Nonetheless, more insightful study is expected in order to obtain LLZO with a higher ionic conductivity at room temperature and further improve chemical and electrochemical stability, while optimal multiple doping is thought to be a feasible and promising route. This review summarizes recent progress in the investigations of crystal structure and preparation of LLZO, and the impacts of doping on the lithium ionic conductivity of LLZO.
Mozammal Raju; Fadhilah Altayran; Michael Johnson; Danling Wang; QiFeng Zhang. Crystal Structure and Preparation of Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) Solid-State Electrolyte and Doping Impacts on the Conductivity: An Overview. Electrochem 2021, 2, 390 -414.
AMA StyleMozammal Raju, Fadhilah Altayran, Michael Johnson, Danling Wang, QiFeng Zhang. Crystal Structure and Preparation of Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) Solid-State Electrolyte and Doping Impacts on the Conductivity: An Overview. Electrochem. 2021; 2 (3):390-414.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMozammal Raju; Fadhilah Altayran; Michael Johnson; Danling Wang; QiFeng Zhang. 2021. "Crystal Structure and Preparation of Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) Solid-State Electrolyte and Doping Impacts on the Conductivity: An Overview." Electrochem 2, no. 3: 390-414.
Major advances in cancer control can be greatly aided by early diagnosis and effective treatment in its pre-invasive state. Lung cancer (small cell and non-small cell) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths among both men and women around the world. A lot of research attention has been directed toward diagnosing and treating lung cancer. A common method of lung cancer treatment is based on COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitors. This is because COX-2 is commonly overexpressed in lung cancer and also the abundance of its enzymatic product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Instead of using traditional COX-2 inhibitors to treat lung cancer, here, we introduce a new anti-cancer strategy recently developed for lung cancer treatment. It adopts more abundant omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids such as dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) in the daily diet and the commonly high levels of COX-2 expressed in lung cancer to promote the formation of 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid (8-HOA) through a new delta-5-desaturase (D5Di) inhibitor. The D5Di does not only limit the metabolic product, PGE2, but also promote the COX-2 catalyzed DGLA peroxidation to form 8-HOA, a novel anti-cancer free radical byproduct. Therefore, the measurement of the PGE2 and 8-HOA levels in cancer cells can be an effective method to treat lung cancer by providing in-time guidance. In this paper, we mainly report on a novel sensor, which is based on a newly developed functionalized nanomaterial, 2-dimensional nanosheets, or Ti3C2 MXene. The preliminary results have proven to sensitively, selectively, precisely, and effectively detect PGE2 and 8-HOA in A549 lung cancer cells. The capability of the sensor to detect trace level 8-HOA in A549 has been verified in comparison with the traditional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. The sensing principle could be due to the unique structure and material property of Ti3C2 MXene: a multilayered structure and extremely large surface area, metallic conductivity, and ease and versatility in surface modification. All these make the Ti3C2 MXene-based sensor selectively adsorb 8-HOA molecules through effective charge transfer and lead to a measurable change in the conductivity of the material with a high signal-to-noise ratio and excellent sensitivity.
Mahek Sadiq; Lizhi Pang; Michael Johnson; Venkatachalem Sathish; QiFeng Zhang; Danling Wang. 2D Nanomaterial, Ti3C2 MXene-Based Sensor to Guide Lung Cancer Therapy and Management. Biosensors 2021, 11, 40 .
AMA StyleMahek Sadiq, Lizhi Pang, Michael Johnson, Venkatachalem Sathish, QiFeng Zhang, Danling Wang. 2D Nanomaterial, Ti3C2 MXene-Based Sensor to Guide Lung Cancer Therapy and Management. Biosensors. 2021; 11 (2):40.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahek Sadiq; Lizhi Pang; Michael Johnson; Venkatachalem Sathish; QiFeng Zhang; Danling Wang. 2021. "2D Nanomaterial, Ti3C2 MXene-Based Sensor to Guide Lung Cancer Therapy and Management." Biosensors 11, no. 2: 40.
Major advances in cancer control can be greatly aided by early diagnosis and effective treatment in its pre-invasive state. Lung cancer (small cell and non-small cell) is a leading cause of cancer-related death among both men and women around the world. A lot of research attention has been attracted to diagnosing and treating lung cancer. A common method of lung cancer treatment is based on COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitors. This is because COX-2 is commonly over expressed in lung cancer and also the abundance of its enzymatic product Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Instead of using traditional COX-2 inhibitors to treat lung cancer, here, we report a new anti-cancer strategy recently developed for lung cancer treatment. It adopts more abundant omega-6 (ω-6)fatty acids such as dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) in the daily diet and the commonly high levels of COX expressed in lung cancer to promote the formation of 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid (8-HOA) through a new delta-5-desaturase (D5Di) inhibitor. The D5Di will not only limit the metabolic product, PGE2 but also promote the COX-2 catalyzed DGLA peroxidation to form 8-HOA, a novel anti-cancer free radical byproduct. Therefore, the measurement of the PGE2 and 8-HOA levels in cancer cells can be an effective method to treat lung cancer by providing in-time guidance. A novel sensor based on a newly developed functionalized nanomaterial, 2-dimensional nanosheets, Ti3C2 MXene, has proved to sensitively, selectively, precisely and effectively detect PGE2 and 8-HOA in A549 lung cancer cells. Due to the multilayered structure and extremely large surface area, metallic conductivity and easy and versatile in surface modification, Ti3C2 MXene-based sensor will be able to selectively adsorb different molecules through physical adsorption or electrostatic attraction, and lead to a measurable change in the conductivity of the material with high signal-to-noise ratio and excellent sensitivity.
Mahek Sadiq; Lizhi Pang; Michael Johnson; Venkatachalem Sathish; Danling Wang. 2D Nanomaterial, Ti3C2 MXene-Based Sensor to Guide Lung Cancer Therapy and Management. Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biosensors 2020, 60, 29 .
AMA StyleMahek Sadiq, Lizhi Pang, Michael Johnson, Venkatachalem Sathish, Danling Wang. 2D Nanomaterial, Ti3C2 MXene-Based Sensor to Guide Lung Cancer Therapy and Management. Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biosensors. 2020; 60 (1):29.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMahek Sadiq; Lizhi Pang; Michael Johnson; Venkatachalem Sathish; Danling Wang. 2020. "2D Nanomaterial, Ti3C2 MXene-Based Sensor to Guide Lung Cancer Therapy and Management." Proceedings of The 1st International Electronic Conference on Biosensors 60, no. 1: 29.
The acetone content in the exhaled breath of individuals as a biomarker of diabetes has become widely studied as a non-invasive means of quantifying blood glucose levels. This calls for development of sensors for the quantitative analysis of trace concentration of acetone, which is presents in the human exhaled breath. Traditional gas detection systems, such as the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and several types of chemiresistive sensors are currently being used for this purpose. However, these systems are known to have limitations of size, cost, response time, operating conditions, and consistent accuracy. An ideal breath acetone sensor should provide solutions to overcome the above limitations and provide good stability and reliability. It should be a simple and portable detection system of good sensitivity, selectivity that is low in terms of both cost and power consumption. To achieve this goal, in this paper, we report a new sensing nanomaterial made by nanocomposite, 1D KWO (K2W7O22) nanorods/2D Ti3C2Tx nanosheets, as the key component to design an acetone sensor. The preliminary result exhibits that the new nanocomposite has an improved response to acetone, with 10 times higher sensitivity comparing to KWO-based sensor, much better tolerance of humidity interference and enhanced stability for multiple months. By comparing with other nanomaterials: Ti3C2, KWO, and KWO/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposites with variable ratio of KWO and Ti3C2Tx from 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 2:1, 4:1, and 9:1, the initial results confirm the potential of the novel KWO/Ti3C2 (2:1) nanocomposite to be an excellent sensing material for application in sensitive and selective detection of breath acetone for diabetics health care and prevention.
Obinna Ama; Mahek Sadiq; Michael Johnson; QiFeng Zhang; Danling Wang. Novel 1D/2D KWO/Ti3C2Tx Nanocomposite-Based Acetone Sensor for Diabetes Prevention and Monitoring. Chemosensors 2020, 8, 102 .
AMA StyleObinna Ama, Mahek Sadiq, Michael Johnson, QiFeng Zhang, Danling Wang. Novel 1D/2D KWO/Ti3C2Tx Nanocomposite-Based Acetone Sensor for Diabetes Prevention and Monitoring. Chemosensors. 2020; 8 (4):102.
Chicago/Turabian StyleObinna Ama; Mahek Sadiq; Michael Johnson; QiFeng Zhang; Danling Wang. 2020. "Novel 1D/2D KWO/Ti3C2Tx Nanocomposite-Based Acetone Sensor for Diabetes Prevention and Monitoring." Chemosensors 8, no. 4: 102.
Electrodeposition, which features low cost, easy scale-up, good control in the composition and great flexible substrate compatibility, is a favorable technique for producing thin films. This paper reviews the use of the electrodeposition technique for the fabrication of several representative chalcogenides that have been widely used in photovoltaic devices. The review focuses on narrating the mechanisms for the formation of films and the key factors that affect the morphology, composition, crystal structure and electric and photovoltaic properties of the films. The review ends with a remark section addressing some of the key issues in the electrodeposition method towards creating high quality chalcogenide films.
Sudipto Saha; Michael Johnson; Fadhilah Altayaran; Youli Wang; Danling Wang; QiFeng Zhang. Electrodeposition Fabrication of Chalcogenide Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications. Electrochem 2020, 1, 286 -321.
AMA StyleSudipto Saha, Michael Johnson, Fadhilah Altayaran, Youli Wang, Danling Wang, QiFeng Zhang. Electrodeposition Fabrication of Chalcogenide Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications. Electrochem. 2020; 1 (3):286-321.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSudipto Saha; Michael Johnson; Fadhilah Altayaran; Youli Wang; Danling Wang; QiFeng Zhang. 2020. "Electrodeposition Fabrication of Chalcogenide Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications." Electrochem 1, no. 3: 286-321.
A newly synthesized nanomaterial known as KxW7O22 (KxWO) exhibits a stable room-temperature ferroelectric property. This unique ferroelectric property has revealed that KxWO is a promising material for application in a breath sensor, which can be used for patients to monitor their daily health condition and diagnose disease at every early stage with low cost, convenience, and non-invasion. In this study, we successfully synthesized nano-structured KxWO through a low cost but high yield hydrothermal method. The sensing response of KxWO to acetone is examined based on a chemiresistive effect. For the first time, we systematically studied how material structures and the component, potassium (K), can affect KxWO-based sensing performance. The results indicate that the low temperature ferroelectric property of KxWO causes an excellent response to acetone, which is the biomarker for diabetes. The lowest detection limit can be down to 0.1 ppm and the KxWO-based sensor can operate at room temperature. In addition, the Kx component KxWO and its crystal structure also play an important role in improving its sensing performance. Our results provide advanced research in (1) exploring the study of KxWO material properties by tailoring the concentration of the potassium in KxWO and introducing the surfactant Pluronic L-121 in the growing process, and (2) optimizing KxWO sensing performance by controlling its material properties.
Michael E. Johnson; QiFeng Zhang; And Danling Wang. KxWO Is a Novel Ferroelectric Nanomaterial for Application as a Room Temperature Acetone Sensor. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 225 .
AMA StyleMichael E. Johnson, QiFeng Zhang, And Danling Wang. KxWO Is a Novel Ferroelectric Nanomaterial for Application as a Room Temperature Acetone Sensor. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (2):225.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichael E. Johnson; QiFeng Zhang; And Danling Wang. 2020. "KxWO Is a Novel Ferroelectric Nanomaterial for Application as a Room Temperature Acetone Sensor." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2: 225.
Diabetes is one of the most rapidly-growing chronic diseases in the world. Acetone, a volatile organic compound in exhaled breath, shows a positive correlation with blood glucose and has proven to be a biomarker for type-1 diabetes. Measuring the level of acetone in exhaled breath can provide a non-invasive, low risk of infection, low cost, and convenient way to monitor the health condition of diabetics. There has been continuous demand for the improvement of this non-invasive, sensitive sensor system to provide a fast and real-time electronic readout of blood glucose levels. A novel nanostructured K2W7O22 has been recently used to test acetone with concentration from 0 parts-per-million (ppm) to 50 ppm at room temperature. The results revealed that a K2W7O22 sensor shows a sensitive response to acetone, but the detection limit is not ideal due to the limitations of the detection system of the device. In this paper, we report a K2W7O22 sensor with an improved sensitivity and detection limit by using an optimized circuit to minimize the electronic noise and increase the signal to noise ratio for the purpose of weak signal detection while the concentration of acetone is very low.
Razuan Hossain; QiFeng Zhang; Michael Johnson; Danling Wang. Highly Sensitive Room-Temperature Sensor Based on Nanostructured K2W7O22 for Application in the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Diabetes. Sensors 2018, 18, 3703 .
AMA StyleRazuan Hossain, QiFeng Zhang, Michael Johnson, Danling Wang. Highly Sensitive Room-Temperature Sensor Based on Nanostructured K2W7O22 for Application in the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Diabetes. Sensors. 2018; 18 (11):3703.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRazuan Hossain; QiFeng Zhang; Michael Johnson; Danling Wang. 2018. "Highly Sensitive Room-Temperature Sensor Based on Nanostructured K2W7O22 for Application in the Non-Invasive Diagnosis of Diabetes." Sensors 18, no. 11: 3703.