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The low nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) of commercial fertilizers is one of the main hurdles in higher crop production and reduction of fertilizer N losses to the environment. However, interactions between most the macronutrients could have synergistic outcomes that affect crop NUE. The coating of urea with macronutrients and biopolymers may control N release and synergistically impact its crop NUE. In this study, urea was coated with 3% of different polymers, combined with 5% potassium iodide (KI) (i) Gum Arabica (GA + KI), (ii) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA + KI), and (iii) gelatin (Gelatin + KI) to control its N release, leaching, and increase of wheat NUE. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the successful coating of all KI and biopolymer combinations on urea granules. All coating combinations slowed down urea release in water and reduced its leaching from the soil, but the highest reduction in both parameters was observed with the GA + KI treatment, compared to the uncoated urea. After soil application, GA + KI decreased urea leaching by 26% than the uncoated urea in lysimeter. In the field, soil mineral N remained significantly high with the GA + KI and PVA + KI treatments at the wheat tillering, booting, grain filling and maturity stages, compared to the uncoated urea. However, K content was only high (28%) with the GA + KI treatment at final harvest. Likewise, microbial biomass N was only high with GA + KI at grain filling (20%) and maturity stages (24%) than the uncoated urea. Such synchronized N availability led to high wheat grain yield (28%), N (56%) uptake, and apparent N recovery (130%) with the GA + KI treatment, compared to the uncoated fertilizer. The increment in NUE with GA + KI could be due to the synergistic effect of K on N availability; therefore, we observed higher wheat yield and N utilization efficiency with this treatment. Hence, urea coated with macronutrient (K) plus biopolymer is recommended to improve wheat yield, NUE, and for reduction of environmental N losses.
Qurat-Ul-Ain Nezami; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Zeshan Hassan; Muhammad Niazi; Maqsood Sadiq; Atiku Bran; Kamusiime Arthur; Zahid Iqbal; Imran Mahmood; Nadeem Ali; Muhammad Rashid. Potassium Plus Biopolymer Coating Controls Nitrogen Dynamics of Urea in Soil and Increases Wheat Production. Coatings 2021, 11, 804 .
AMA StyleQurat-Ul-Ain Nezami, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Zeshan Hassan, Muhammad Niazi, Maqsood Sadiq, Atiku Bran, Kamusiime Arthur, Zahid Iqbal, Imran Mahmood, Nadeem Ali, Muhammad Rashid. Potassium Plus Biopolymer Coating Controls Nitrogen Dynamics of Urea in Soil and Increases Wheat Production. Coatings. 2021; 11 (7):804.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQurat-Ul-Ain Nezami; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Zeshan Hassan; Muhammad Niazi; Maqsood Sadiq; Atiku Bran; Kamusiime Arthur; Zahid Iqbal; Imran Mahmood; Nadeem Ali; Muhammad Rashid. 2021. "Potassium Plus Biopolymer Coating Controls Nitrogen Dynamics of Urea in Soil and Increases Wheat Production." Coatings 11, no. 7: 804.
Maize/soybean relay intercropping system is a popular cultivation system to obtain high yields of both crops with reduced inputs. However, shading by maize decreases the photosynthetically active radiation, reaching the soybean canopy in maize/soybean relay intercropping system, which reduces soybean radiation use efficiency and competitiveness. Here, we reveal that compact maize in maize/soybean relay intercropping system enhances the photosynthetically active radiation transmittance, leaf area index, dry matter production, radiation use efficiency, and competitiveness of soybean and compensates the slight maize yield loss by substantially increasing soybean yield. In this experiment, soybean was relay intercropped with different maize types (SI, spreading maize; SII, semi-compact maize; and SIII, compact maize) in maize/soybean relay intercropping system, and all the relay intercropping treatments were compared with sole cropping systems of soybean and maize. Results revealed that SIII significantly enhanced the soybean radiation use efficiency (by 77%, from 0.35 g MJ−1 in SI to 0.61 g MJ−1 in SIII) and total radiation use efficiency (soybean radiation use efficiency + maize radiation use efficiency) of maize/soybean relay intercropping system (by 5%, from 3.53 g MJ−1 in SI to 3.73 g MJ−1 in SIII). Similarly, SIII improved the competitiveness (by 62%, from 0.58% in SI to 0.94% in SIII) of soybean but reduced the competitiveness (by 38%, from 1.73% in SI to 1.07% in SIII) of maize, which, in turn, considerably increased soybean yield by maintaining maize yield. On average, over the 2 years, in SIII, relay-intercropped soybean produced 89% of the sole soybean yield, and relay-intercropped maize produced 95% of the sole maize yield. Besides, treatment SIII achieved the mean highest land equivalent ratio value of 1.84 in both years. Thus, enhanced radiation use efficiency of soybean, especially during the co-growth period, was the primary factor responsible for the high productivity of the maize/soybean relay intercropping system.
Muhammad Ali Raza; Liang Cui; Imran Khan; Atta Mohi Ud Din; Guopeng Chen; Muhammad Ansar; Mukhtar Ahmed; Shakeel Ahmad; Abdul Manaf; John Kwame Titriku; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Feng Yang; Wenyu Yang. Compact maize canopy improves radiation use efficiency and grain yield of maize/soybean relay intercropping system. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 41135 -41148.
AMA StyleMuhammad Ali Raza, Liang Cui, Imran Khan, Atta Mohi Ud Din, Guopeng Chen, Muhammad Ansar, Mukhtar Ahmed, Shakeel Ahmad, Abdul Manaf, John Kwame Titriku, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Feng Yang, Wenyu Yang. Compact maize canopy improves radiation use efficiency and grain yield of maize/soybean relay intercropping system. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (30):41135-41148.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Ali Raza; Liang Cui; Imran Khan; Atta Mohi Ud Din; Guopeng Chen; Muhammad Ansar; Mukhtar Ahmed; Shakeel Ahmad; Abdul Manaf; John Kwame Titriku; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Feng Yang; Wenyu Yang. 2021. "Compact maize canopy improves radiation use efficiency and grain yield of maize/soybean relay intercropping system." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 30: 41135-41148.
Heavy metal stress is a leading environmental issue reducing crop growth and productivity, particularly in arid and semi-arid agro-ecological zones. Cadmium (Cd), a non-redox heavy metal, can indirectly increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing cell death. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Cd (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 µM) on physiological and biochemical parameters in two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivars: JS-2002 and Chakwal Sorghum. The results showed that various concentrations of Cd significantly increased the Cd uptake in both cultivars; however, the uptake was higher in JS-2002 compared to Chakwal Sorghum in leaf, stem and root. Regardless of the cultivars, there was a higher accumulation of the Cd in roots than in shoots. The Cd stress significantly reduced the growth and increased the electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in both cultivars, but the Chakwal Sorghum showed more pronounced oxidative damage than the JS-2002, as reflected by higher H2O2, MDA and EL. Moreover, Cd stress, particularly 50 µM and 100 µM, decreased the activity of different antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). However, the JS-2002 exhibited higher SOD, POD and CAT activities than the Chakwal Sorghum under different Cd-levels. These findings revealed that JS-2002 had a stronger Cd enrichment capacity and also exhibited a better tolerance to Cd stress due to its efficient antioxidant defense system than Chakwal Sorghum. The present study provides the available information about Cd enrichment and tolerance in S. bicolor, which is used as an important agricultural crop for livestock feed in arid and semi-arid regions.
Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Sana Ur Rehman; Muhammad Ansar; Harun Gitari; Imran Khan; Muhammad Wajid; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars. Plants 2020, 9, 1575 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan, Muhammad Ali Raza, Sana Ur Rehman, Muhammad Ansar, Harun Gitari, Imran Khan, Muhammad Wajid, Mukhtar Ahmed, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Yan Peng, Zhou Li. Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars. Plants. 2020; 9 (11):1575.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Sana Ur Rehman; Muhammad Ansar; Harun Gitari; Imran Khan; Muhammad Wajid; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. 2020. "Effect of Cadmium Toxicity on Growth, Oxidative Damage, Antioxidant Defense System and Cadmium Accumulation in Two Sorghum Cultivars." Plants 9, no. 11: 1575.
Low nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency due to environmental N losses from fertilizers results in high-cost on-farm production. Urea coating with biodegradable polymers can prevent these losses by controlling the N release of fertilizers. We calculated N release kinetics of coated granular with various biodegradable polymeric materials and its impact on spinach yield and N uptake. Different formulations were used, (i) G-1: 10% starch + 5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) + 5% molasses; (ii) G-2: 10% starch + 5% PVA + 5% paraffin wax (PW); (iii) G-3: 5% gelatin + 10% gum arabic + 5% PW; (iv) G-4: 5% molasses + 5% gelatin + 10% gum arabic, to coat urea using a fluidized bed coater. The morphological and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses indicated that a uniform coating layer with no new phase formation occurred. In the G-2 treatment, maximum crushing strength (72.9 N) was achieved with a slowed-down N release rate and increased efficiency of 31%. This resulted in increased spinach dry foliage yield (47%), N uptake (60%) and apparent N recovery (ANR: 130%) from G-2 compared to uncoated urea (G-0). Therefore, coating granular urea with biodegradable polymers is a good choice to slower down the N release rate and enhances the crop yield and N utilization efficiency from urea.
Bilal Beig; Muhammad Niazi; Zaib Jahan; Salik Kakar; Ghulam Shah; Muhammad Shahid; Munir Zia; Midrar Haq; Muhammad Rashid. Biodegradable Polymer Coated Granular Urea Slows Down N Release Kinetics and Improves Spinach Productivity. Polymers 2020, 12, 2623 .
AMA StyleBilal Beig, Muhammad Niazi, Zaib Jahan, Salik Kakar, Ghulam Shah, Muhammad Shahid, Munir Zia, Midrar Haq, Muhammad Rashid. Biodegradable Polymer Coated Granular Urea Slows Down N Release Kinetics and Improves Spinach Productivity. Polymers. 2020; 12 (11):2623.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBilal Beig; Muhammad Niazi; Zaib Jahan; Salik Kakar; Ghulam Shah; Muhammad Shahid; Munir Zia; Midrar Haq; Muhammad Rashid. 2020. "Biodegradable Polymer Coated Granular Urea Slows Down N Release Kinetics and Improves Spinach Productivity." Polymers 12, no. 11: 2623.
Vegetables are a common and important source of food and nutrition but the increasing concentration of cadmium (Cd) in the food chain via wastewater–soil–vegetable continuum is posing a threat to their growth as well as human life. This study aimed at determining the effects of variation in duration of plant exposure to different dosages of Cd on growth, physiology and potential health risks of three commonly grown leafy vegetables, viz. spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The experiment was a 5 × 3 factorial containing five doses (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg Cd kg−1 soil) and three (25, 50 and 75 day) durations of plant exposure. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. It was found that plant height, root length, leaf area and biomass were significantly affected by increasing Cd concentration up to 40 mg kg−1 for all the vegetables. Furthermore, Cd treatments significantly affected the photosynthetic and biochemical attributes such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and total chlorophylls at various growth stages of vegetables tested in comparison with their respective controls. Accumulation of Cd in all the leafy vegetables, its daily intake via vegetable consumption and health risk index were significantly increased with the increase in Cd concentration. The highest values of these parameters were found at 40 mg Cd kg−1 soil. It could be concluded that duration of exposure and Cd dose were very important in determining Cd toxicity, which are reflected in drastic reduction in vegetable growth and physiology. Moreover, the consumption of such vegetables would have toxic effects on human health.
Junaid Latif; Javaid Akhtar; Iftikhar Ahmad; Muhammad Mahmood-Ur-Rehman; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Qamaruz Zaman; Tariq Javaid; Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi; Muhammad Shakar; Azka Saleem; Muhammad Rizwan. Unraveling the effects of cadmium on growth, physiology and associated health risks of leafy vegetables. Brazilian Journal of Botany 2020, 43, 799 -811.
AMA StyleJunaid Latif, Javaid Akhtar, Iftikhar Ahmad, Muhammad Mahmood-Ur-Rehman, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Qamaruz Zaman, Tariq Javaid, Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi, Muhammad Shakar, Azka Saleem, Muhammad Rizwan. Unraveling the effects of cadmium on growth, physiology and associated health risks of leafy vegetables. Brazilian Journal of Botany. 2020; 43 (4):799-811.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJunaid Latif; Javaid Akhtar; Iftikhar Ahmad; Muhammad Mahmood-Ur-Rehman; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Qamaruz Zaman; Tariq Javaid; Zia Ur Rahman Farooqi; Muhammad Shakar; Azka Saleem; Muhammad Rizwan. 2020. "Unraveling the effects of cadmium on growth, physiology and associated health risks of leafy vegetables." Brazilian Journal of Botany 43, no. 4: 799-811.
Seed quality is accessed by appropriate seed germination, seed moisture contents, insect/pathogen infestations and seed vigor. Seed storage conditions are essential to protect from deterioration. In this study, knowledge and practices of wheat and cotton seeds storage were accessed among commercial seed growers (CSGs) and non-commercial seeds growers (NCSGs) in the Vehari District of Pakistan, while samples of stored wheat and cotton seeds were also collected to assess the quality of stored seeds. Stored seeds in the study area were contaminated by a variety of fungi, with infestation percentages reaching 13% for wheat and 20.7% for cotton in seeds from NCSGs, compared to 9% (wheat) and 9.5% (cotton) in seeds from CSGs. The majority of seed growers (75.0%) did not have any training on seed storage. The growers (60.9%) were unaware that seed should not be stored in closed polythene bags and most (62.2%) were not well aware about seed-borne crop diseases. Most growers did not maintain the temperature and humidity of storage rooms (82.7%) and did not calculate the seed rate before sowing after seed germination tests (87.2%). However, seed dressing with fungicides was implemented by most farmers (69.9%). Controlling the temperature of the seed storage was significantly influenced by growers’ age, while controlling the humidity of the seed storage was significantly influenced by growers’ farming experience. Seed dressing with fungicides was positively associated with the graduation level of growers, while checking seed maturity was positively associated with the higher education (Master’s level) of growers. There was a lack of active information centers in the study areas and a lack of agricultural information provision to farmers. Awareness regarding bad-quality seeds should be initiated to increase growers’ knowledge. Training programs for providing adequate knowledge to growers and skills in seed storage should be organized. Legislation regarding the seed business and seed storage protective measures should be enforced to minimize problems by a seed-borne inoculum and deterioration of seed quality.
Muhammad Farhan Saeed; Aftab Jamal; Iftikhar Ahmad; Sajjad Ali; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Syed Kamil Husnain; Amjad Farooq; Jingkuan Wang. Storage Conditions Deteriorate Cotton and Wheat Seeds Quality: An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness in Pakistan. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1246 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Farhan Saeed, Aftab Jamal, Iftikhar Ahmad, Sajjad Ali, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Syed Kamil Husnain, Amjad Farooq, Jingkuan Wang. Storage Conditions Deteriorate Cotton and Wheat Seeds Quality: An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness in Pakistan. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (9):1246.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Farhan Saeed; Aftab Jamal; Iftikhar Ahmad; Sajjad Ali; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Syed Kamil Husnain; Amjad Farooq; Jingkuan Wang. 2020. "Storage Conditions Deteriorate Cotton and Wheat Seeds Quality: An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness in Pakistan." Agronomy 10, no. 9: 1246.
Background Enzymatic hydrolysis is a key step in the conversion of lignocellulosic polysaccharides to fermentable sugars for the production of biofuels and high-value chemicals. However, current enzyme preparations from mesophilic fungi are deficient in their thermostability and biomass-hydrolyzing efficiency at high temperatures. Thermophilic fungi represent promising sources of thermostable and highly active enzymes for improving the biomass-to-sugar conversion process. Here we present a comprehensive study on the lignocellulosic biomass-degrading ability and enzyme system of thermophilic fungus Malbranchea cinnamomea N12 and the application of its enzymes in the synergistic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Results Malbranchea cinnamomea N12 was capable of utilizing untreated wheat straw to produce high levels of xylanases and efficiently degrading lignocellulose under thermophilic conditions. Temporal analysis of the wheat straw-induced secretome revealed that M. cinnamomea N12 successively degraded the lignocellulosic polysaccharides through sequential secretion of enzymes targeting xylan and cellulose. Xylanase-enriched cocktail from M. cinnamomea N12 was more active on native and alkali‑pretreated wheat straw than the commercial xylanases from Trichoderma reesei over temperatures ranging from 40 to 75 °C. Integration of M. cinnamomea N12 enzymes with the commercial cellulase preparation increased the glucose and xylose yields of alkali‑pretreated wheat straw by 32 and 166%, respectively, with pronounced effects at elevated temperature. Conclusions This study demonstrated the remarkable xylanase-producing ability and strategy of sequential lignocellulose breakdown of M. cinnamomea N12. A new process for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass was proposed, comprising thermophilic enzymolysis by enzymes of M. cinnamomea N12 followed with mesophilic enzymolysis by commercial cellulases. Developing M. cinnamomea N12 as platforms for thermophilic enzyme mixture production will provide new perspectives for improved conversion yields for current biomass saccharification schemes.
Ning Zhu; Hongmei Jin; Xiangping Kong; Yanyun Zhu; Xiaomei Ye; Yonglan Xi; Jing Du; Bingqing Li; Menghan Lou; Ghulam Mustafa Shah. Improving the fermentable sugar yields of wheat straw by high-temperature pre-hydrolysis with thermophilic enzymes of Malbranchea cinnamomea. Microbial Cell Factories 2020, 19, 1 -14.
AMA StyleNing Zhu, Hongmei Jin, Xiangping Kong, Yanyun Zhu, Xiaomei Ye, Yonglan Xi, Jing Du, Bingqing Li, Menghan Lou, Ghulam Mustafa Shah. Improving the fermentable sugar yields of wheat straw by high-temperature pre-hydrolysis with thermophilic enzymes of Malbranchea cinnamomea. Microbial Cell Factories. 2020; 19 (1):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNing Zhu; Hongmei Jin; Xiangping Kong; Yanyun Zhu; Xiaomei Ye; Yonglan Xi; Jing Du; Bingqing Li; Menghan Lou; Ghulam Mustafa Shah. 2020. "Improving the fermentable sugar yields of wheat straw by high-temperature pre-hydrolysis with thermophilic enzymes of Malbranchea cinnamomea." Microbial Cell Factories 19, no. 1: 1-14.
The application of urea-based fertilizers in developing countries has gained significant momentum over time. urea usage is to meet demand and supply gap of food resources as world population is increasing at a fast pace. urea contains largest content of nitrogen (46%) among all the solid nitrogenous fertilizers. However, main drawback of urea is its higher dissolution rate. After soil application, most of urea nitrogen is lost through a leaching, runoff, nitrification-denitrification and ammonia volatilization. To tackle urea related environmental pollution, development of slow-release urea fertilizer is a need of the hour and this would also increase product use efficiency in terms of crop productivity and its N uptake. We studied the usage of polymeric materials in combination with inorganic substances like sulfur and plaster of Paris as effective and biodegradable coating substances for urea prills. For coating on urea prills, fluidized bed coater was used whereas paraffin wax and molasses were used as binding agents. The urea was coated with four different formulations, i.e., C-1: PVA 5% + plaster of Paris 10% + sulfur 5% + paraffin wax 2%, C-2: PVA 5% + starch 10% + sulfur 5% + paraffin wax 2%, C-3: gelatin 5% + plaster of Paris 10% + sulfur 5% + paraffin wax 2% and C-4: PVA 5% + starch 10% + sulfur 5% + paraffin wax 2.5% + molasses 2.5%. Each formulation along with uncoated urea prills (C-0) were evaluated for characterization and N release kinetics. All the formulations along with uncoated urea were applied to spinach crop in pot experiment. A control (No N: untreated) was also kept. Spinach biomass yield and N uptake were determined. The formulation C-1 yielded highest urea-N release efficiency and spinach N uptake of6.87% and 1.93 g N/pot, respectively. Themodified Schwarz and Sinclair formula gave the excellent representation of release of nutrient-N from coated urea prills. It is concluded that coating urea prills with organic and inorganic blends is better option to slow down N release kinetics and improve spinach productivity. Therefore, by using coated fertilizers, farmers can improve agro-environmental value of urea, worldwide.
Bilal Beig; Muhammad Niazi; Zaib Jahan; Erum Pervaiz; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Midrar Ul Haq; Mazhar Zafar; Munir Zia. Slow-Release Urea Prills Developed Using Organic and Inorganic Blends in Fluidized Bed Coater and Their Effect on Spinach Productivity. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5944 .
AMA StyleBilal Beig, Muhammad Niazi, Zaib Jahan, Erum Pervaiz, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Midrar Ul Haq, Mazhar Zafar, Munir Zia. Slow-Release Urea Prills Developed Using Organic and Inorganic Blends in Fluidized Bed Coater and Their Effect on Spinach Productivity. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):5944.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBilal Beig; Muhammad Niazi; Zaib Jahan; Erum Pervaiz; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Midrar Ul Haq; Mazhar Zafar; Munir Zia. 2020. "Slow-Release Urea Prills Developed Using Organic and Inorganic Blends in Fluidized Bed Coater and Their Effect on Spinach Productivity." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 5944.
This study concerns the relationship between hydrophobicity and bio-accessibility of environmental pollutants among Tetrahymena pyriformis (protozoan), Daphnia magna (water flea) and the fish Poecilia reticulata. The toxicological data of 55 chemicals in terms of 50% effect concentration (EC50)...
Muhammad Rizwan Ashraf; Hafiz Faiq Bakhat; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Hafiz Muhammad Arshad; Qaisar Mahmood; Naeem Shahid. Role of Hydrophobicity in Bio-Accessibility of Environmental Pollutants Among Different Organisms. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2020, 29, 3509 -3516.
AMA StyleMuhammad Rizwan Ashraf, Hafiz Faiq Bakhat, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Hafiz Muhammad Arshad, Qaisar Mahmood, Naeem Shahid. Role of Hydrophobicity in Bio-Accessibility of Environmental Pollutants Among Different Organisms. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2020; 29 (5):3509-3516.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Rizwan Ashraf; Hafiz Faiq Bakhat; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Hafiz Muhammad Arshad; Qaisar Mahmood; Naeem Shahid. 2020. "Role of Hydrophobicity in Bio-Accessibility of Environmental Pollutants Among Different Organisms." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29, no. 5: 3509-3516.
Organic amendments in the soil perform better than synthetic fertilizers in regards to soil fertility and sustainable crop productivity. Experiments were conducted to compare the effects of organic and synthetic fertilizers on soil fertility and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity. Soil fertility and protein contents of wheat grains (13.2% and 13.3% during 2005–06 and 2006–07, respectively) were improved by organic amendments. However, synthetic fertilizer (at the rate of 150, 100, and 60 kg ha−1 N, P2O5, and K2O, respectively) applications resulted in the maximum grain yield (4.05 and 4.46 t ha−1 during 2005–06 and 2006–07, respectively). The observed and simulated soil organic carbon (SOC) reasonably agreed during RothC model validation (R 2 = 0.99). Economic analysis showed the maximum net profit and relative increase in income ($729 US ha−1 and 309%, respectively) from inorganic treatment. Application of synthetic fertilizers increased grain yield and farm profit while organic manure enhanced grain quality. The RothC model had potential for determining the SOC in organic farming under arid environment.
Hafiz Mohkum Hammad; Abdul Khaliq; Farhat Abbas; Wajid Farhad; Shah Fahad; Muhammad Aslam; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Wajid Nasim; Muhammad Mubeen; Hafiz Faiq Bakhat. Comparative Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Organic Carbon and Wheat Productivity under Arid Region. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 2020, 51, 1406 -1422.
AMA StyleHafiz Mohkum Hammad, Abdul Khaliq, Farhat Abbas, Wajid Farhad, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Aslam, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Wajid Nasim, Muhammad Mubeen, Hafiz Faiq Bakhat. Comparative Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Organic Carbon and Wheat Productivity under Arid Region. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. 2020; 51 (10):1406-1422.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHafiz Mohkum Hammad; Abdul Khaliq; Farhat Abbas; Wajid Farhad; Shah Fahad; Muhammad Aslam; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Wajid Nasim; Muhammad Mubeen; Hafiz Faiq Bakhat. 2020. "Comparative Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Organic Carbon and Wheat Productivity under Arid Region." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 51, no. 10: 1406-1422.
Salinity is a major abiotic stress which limits crop production, especially under rainfed conditions. Selenium (Se), as an important micronutrient, plays a vital role in mitigating detrimental effects of different abiotic stresses. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of Se fertilization on black gram (Vigna mungo) under salt stress. Our results showed that salt stress (100 mM NaCl) in leaves significantly induced oxidative damage and caused a decline in relative water content, chlorophyll (Chl), stomatal conductance (gs), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), sucrose, and reducing sugars. A low dose of Se (1.5 ppm) significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide content, malondialdehyde formation, cell membrane damage, and also improved antioxidative enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase under salt stress. Se-treated plants exhibited higher Chl, gs, Fv/Fm, sucrose, and reducing sugars than untreated plants in response to salt stress. In addition, Se application enhanced Se uptake and reduced Na+ uptake, but Cl− remained unaffected. Our results indicated that a low dose of Se effectively alleviated salt damage via inhibition of Na+ uptake and enhanced antioxidant defense resulting in a significant decrease in oxidative damage, and maintained gaseous exchange and PS II function for sucrose and reducing sugars accumulation in black gram.
Muhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Imran Khan; Tehseen Ahmad Meraj; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Muhammad Ansar; Samrah Afzal Awan; Nanak Khan; Nasir Iqbal; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. Selenium and Salt Interactions in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L): Ion Uptake, Antioxidant Defense System, and Photochemistry Efficiency. Plants 2020, 9, 467 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan, Muhammad Ali Raza, Imran Khan, Tehseen Ahmad Meraj, Mukhtar Ahmed, Ghulam Abbas Shah, Muhammad Ansar, Samrah Afzal Awan, Nanak Khan, Nasir Iqbal, Yan Peng, Zhou Li. Selenium and Salt Interactions in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L): Ion Uptake, Antioxidant Defense System, and Photochemistry Efficiency. Plants. 2020; 9 (4):467.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Jawad Hassan; Muhammad Ali Raza; Imran Khan; Tehseen Ahmad Meraj; Mukhtar Ahmed; Ghulam Abbas Shah; Muhammad Ansar; Samrah Afzal Awan; Nanak Khan; Nasir Iqbal; Yan Peng; Zhou Li. 2020. "Selenium and Salt Interactions in Black Gram (Vigna mungo L): Ion Uptake, Antioxidant Defense System, and Photochemistry Efficiency." Plants 9, no. 4: 467.
Swine wastewater (SW) represents an important source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. However, few studies have assessed the occurrence and removal of ARGs in the whole wastewater treatment process followed by its farmland application. This study investigated the ARGs profiles in an integrated SW treatment system and its receiving soil, as well as their relationships with SW parameters and bacterial communities. Results revealed that sulfonamide, tetracycline and aminoglycoside resistance genes were dominant in SW. The relative abundance of total ARGs in SW was reduced by 84% after the treatments. Among the SW treatment units, anaerobic digestion, primary sedimentation and constructed wetland contributed to ARGs removal while secondary sedimentation increased the total ARGs abundance. Farmland irrigation of the treated SW resulted in enrichment of persistent ARGs in the receiving soil, which might be attributed to the propagation of potential bacterial hosts and high horizontal gene transferability. Redundancy analysis indicated that the relative abundance of total ARGs was significantly correlated with total nitrogen, total phosphorus, antibiotics and bacterial communities. The shift in bacterial community was the major driving factor for ARGs alteration during SW treatment process. Our results highlight the effect of treated SW irrigation on the antibiotic resistome in agricultural environment, and can contribute in improving SW treatment system for better antibiotic resistance control.
Ning Zhu; Hongmei Jin; Xiaomei Ye; Wei Liu; Danyang Li; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Yanyun Zhu. Fate and driving factors of antibiotic resistance genes in an integrated swine wastewater treatment system: From wastewater to soil. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 721, 137654 .
AMA StyleNing Zhu, Hongmei Jin, Xiaomei Ye, Wei Liu, Danyang Li, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Yanyun Zhu. Fate and driving factors of antibiotic resistance genes in an integrated swine wastewater treatment system: From wastewater to soil. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 721 ():137654.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNing Zhu; Hongmei Jin; Xiaomei Ye; Wei Liu; Danyang Li; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Yanyun Zhu. 2020. "Fate and driving factors of antibiotic resistance genes in an integrated swine wastewater treatment system: From wastewater to soil." Science of The Total Environment 721, no. : 137654.
We studied the influence of lava meal, zeolite and top layer of sandy soil as bedding additives on gaseous C and N losses from a sloping-floor barn of naturally ventilated animal housing. We selected four barn units where eight young bulls’ group was reared in each barn. Chopped straw of wheat and barley applied daily at the rate of 5 kg per livestock unit (LU) in bedding areas where one LU consisted of 500 kg body mass of live bulls. Zeolite, lava meal and sandy soil (18% clay + silt) applied in barn at the rate of 10, 20 and 30% of straw dose, respectively. Static flux chamber was used to measure gases emissions from the barn unit and mass balance calculation was used to calculate straw manure total N (TN) losses during housing phase. On an average, all bedding additives decreased 85% of the NH3 emission compared to control; however, they did not influence CH4 emission. Zeolite decreased CO2 (35%) and N2O (37%) emission rates. Subsequently, lava meal, sandy soil and zeolite decreased 23, 37, and 50% of TN losses from barn manure, respectively. Overall, measured N emissions through NH3-N and N2O-N from the barns was 11% of calculated TN losses while remainder 89% was most probably attributed to di-nitrogen (N2), a harmless gas. Hence, in straw-based cattle housings, zeolite could be a promising additive for reduction of CO2, N2O and NH3 emissions and sandy soil can be considered as cheap and readily available resource for reducing NH3 emission.
Ghulam Abbas Shah; Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid; Maqsood Sadiq; Faheem Khan; Imran Mahmood; Zeshan Hassan; Adeel Anwar; Muhammad Luqman; Zahid Hassan Tarar; Jeroen C. J. Groot; Egbert A. Lantinga. Additives Used with Straw Bedding Can Mitigate Ammonia and Greenhouse Gaseous Emissions from Solid Cattle Manure in Sloping-Floor Housing System. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleGhulam Abbas Shah, Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Maqsood Sadiq, Faheem Khan, Imran Mahmood, Zeshan Hassan, Adeel Anwar, Muhammad Luqman, Zahid Hassan Tarar, Jeroen C. J. Groot, Egbert A. Lantinga. Additives Used with Straw Bedding Can Mitigate Ammonia and Greenhouse Gaseous Emissions from Solid Cattle Manure in Sloping-Floor Housing System. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhulam Abbas Shah; Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid; Maqsood Sadiq; Faheem Khan; Imran Mahmood; Zeshan Hassan; Adeel Anwar; Muhammad Luqman; Zahid Hassan Tarar; Jeroen C. J. Groot; Egbert A. Lantinga. 2020. "Additives Used with Straw Bedding Can Mitigate Ammonia and Greenhouse Gaseous Emissions from Solid Cattle Manure in Sloping-Floor Housing System." , no. : 1.
Solid waste management and soil degradation are the two main issues faced by the developing countries. The present study is the first effort to use bio-municipal solid waste (MSW) for the amelioration of saline-sodic soils of Pakistan. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of MSW, farm yard manure (FM) and gypsum application on nitrate leaching, soil physicochemical characteristics and crop productivity under rice-wheat cropping system. The MSW was aerobically composted alone (MSW compost) or with FM (MSW_manure compost) or buried underground in lined pit for anaerobic decomposition (buried MSW) . Maximum nitrate leaching was observed during rice (84.91 mg L−1) and wheat (46.18 mg L−1) with buried MSW as compared with control treatment. Results showed that buried MSW significantly (p < 0.05) lowered the soil pHs (-5.6%), electrical conductivity (-38.8%), calcium carbonate (-45.8%), and sodium adsorption ratio (-51.4%) and significantly increased the organic matter (86.3%) and cation exchange capacity (31.50%) as compared with control treatment. Path analysis showed the highest direct path coefficient during rice and the lowest one during wheat. Soil amelioration with organic amendments was further confirmed with multivariate analysis. This study has proved that buried MSW can be used as an effective solution for MSW disposal thereby improving soil physicochemical properties and crop productivity from saline-sodic soil.
Gohar Zaman; Behzad Murtaza; Muhammad Imran; Muhammad Shahid; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Muhammad Amjad; Muhammad Asif Naeem; Muhammad Mubeen; Ghulam Murtaza. Utilization of Bio-Municipal Solid Waste Improves Saline-Sodic Soils and Crop Productivity in Rice-Wheat. Compost Science & Utilization 2020, 28, 16 -27.
AMA StyleGohar Zaman, Behzad Murtaza, Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Shahid, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Muhammad Amjad, Muhammad Asif Naeem, Muhammad Mubeen, Ghulam Murtaza. Utilization of Bio-Municipal Solid Waste Improves Saline-Sodic Soils and Crop Productivity in Rice-Wheat. Compost Science & Utilization. 2020; 28 (1):16-27.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGohar Zaman; Behzad Murtaza; Muhammad Imran; Muhammad Shahid; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Muhammad Amjad; Muhammad Asif Naeem; Muhammad Mubeen; Ghulam Murtaza. 2020. "Utilization of Bio-Municipal Solid Waste Improves Saline-Sodic Soils and Crop Productivity in Rice-Wheat." Compost Science & Utilization 28, no. 1: 16-27.
Salinity is a devastating problem of arid and semi-arid climatic regions with uneven salt accumulation which hinders growth and development of crops. The deleterious effects of salinity mainly depend on level and source of salinity. We hypothesized that types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4) might cause variable toxicity in maize (Zea mays L.) plants. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of different types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4), each at EC 5 and 10 dS m–1 on growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize plant grown in earthen pots under wire house conditions. Results revealed toxic effects of salt stress on seed germination, root and shoot growth and biomass. Maize physiology in terms of sub-stomatal CO2 index, chlorophyll and relative water contents, photosynthetic and transpiration rate also reduced under salt stress. Among the types of salt and levels of salinity, NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 caused the highest reduction in seed germination, growth and physiology due to high accumulation of Na and Cl ions whereas low in K ion in maize plant tissues. Based on the findings, we do conclude that NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 has more negative impact on maize growth and nutrient acquisition than Na2SO4 at same level of salinity.
Haroon Shahzad; Sami Ullah; Muhammad Iqbal; Hafiz Muhammad Bilal; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Sajjad Ahmad; Ali Zakir; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Aslam Farooqi; Iftikhar Ahmad. Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays). Italian Journal of Agronomy 2019, 14, 199 -207.
AMA StyleHaroon Shahzad, Sami Ullah, Muhammad Iqbal, Hafiz Muhammad Bilal, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Sajjad Ahmad, Ali Zakir, Allah Ditta, Muhammad Aslam Farooqi, Iftikhar Ahmad. Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays). Italian Journal of Agronomy. 2019; 14 (4):199-207.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHaroon Shahzad; Sami Ullah; Muhammad Iqbal; Hafiz Muhammad Bilal; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Sajjad Ahmad; Ali Zakir; Allah Ditta; Muhammad Aslam Farooqi; Iftikhar Ahmad. 2019. "Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays)." Italian Journal of Agronomy 14, no. 4: 199-207.
Lithium (Li) exploitation for industrial and domestic use is resulting in a buildup of the element in various environmental components that results in potential toxicity to living systems. Therefore, a soil culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing concentration of Li (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg kg−1 soil) on spinach growth, the effects of Li uptake, and its effects on various physiological attributes of the crop. The results showed that lower levels of Li in soil (20 mg Li kg-1) improve the growth of spinach plants, while a higher concentration of applied Li enhanced the pigment contents. Higher concentrations of Li in soil interfered with potassium and calcium uptake in plants. Moreover, increasing Li concentration resulted in higher activities of antioxidant enzymes activity in spinach shoots. From these results, it is concluded that spinach shoot accumulated higher concentrations of Li without showing any visual toxicity symptoms. Therefore, the study concludes that Li ion was mostly deposited in leaves rather than in roots which may cause potential human health risk on the consumption of Li-contaminated plants. Therefore, the cultivation of leafy vegetables in Li-affected soils should be avoided to reduce the potential human health risks.
Hafiz Faiq Bakhat; Kunwar Rasul; Abu Bakar Umar Farooq; Zahida Zia; Natasha; Shah Fahad; Sunaina Abbas; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Faiz Rabbani; Hafiz Mohkum Hammad. Growth and physiological response of spinach to various lithium concentrations in soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 27, 39717 -39725.
AMA StyleHafiz Faiq Bakhat, Kunwar Rasul, Abu Bakar Umar Farooq, Zahida Zia, Natasha, Shah Fahad, Sunaina Abbas, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Faiz Rabbani, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad. Growth and physiological response of spinach to various lithium concentrations in soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 27 (32):39717-39725.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHafiz Faiq Bakhat; Kunwar Rasul; Abu Bakar Umar Farooq; Zahida Zia; Natasha; Shah Fahad; Sunaina Abbas; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Faiz Rabbani; Hafiz Mohkum Hammad. 2019. "Growth and physiological response of spinach to various lithium concentrations in soil." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 32: 39717-39725.
Arsenic (As) is a naturally occurring metalloid which has been recognized as a Class-1 carcinogen by the International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC). The metalloid finds its way into the food chain through natural and anthropogenic processes. Human activities especially farming practices is a major contributor of As buildup in agricultural soils. Arsenic taken-up by the plant roots negatively affect plant productivity by disturbing various metabolic processes such as Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) formation and enzyme activation in plants. Managing As contaminated water reduces the health risks associated with As-contaminated food. The purpose of this review is to focus on the information regarding the metalloid build-up especially in the soil-plant system and ground water consider the various approaches investigated to decrease its contents and consequences on the human food chain. A critical review of the literature suggests that the contamination of the human food chain can be controlled through careful selection and application of water purification techniques with other agronomic practices.
Hafiz Faiq Bakhat; Zahida Zia; Sunaina Abbas; Hafiz Mohkum Hammad; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Samina Khalid; Naeem Shahid; Muhammad Sajjad; Shah Fahad. Factors controlling arsenic contamination and potential remediation measures in soil-plant systems. Groundwater for Sustainable Development 2019, 9, 100263 .
AMA StyleHafiz Faiq Bakhat, Zahida Zia, Sunaina Abbas, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Samina Khalid, Naeem Shahid, Muhammad Sajjad, Shah Fahad. Factors controlling arsenic contamination and potential remediation measures in soil-plant systems. Groundwater for Sustainable Development. 2019; 9 ():100263.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHafiz Faiq Bakhat; Zahida Zia; Sunaina Abbas; Hafiz Mohkum Hammad; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Samina Khalid; Naeem Shahid; Muhammad Sajjad; Shah Fahad. 2019. "Factors controlling arsenic contamination and potential remediation measures in soil-plant systems." Groundwater for Sustainable Development 9, no. : 100263.
Nutrient overloading resulting from digestate (effluent of anaerobic digestion process) application has become a major bottleneck for the development of the biogas industry and raised environmental concerns in regions with intensive animal husbandry. Due to this, it is imperative to find low cost and effective alternative to export nutrient from digestate. Among the numerous applications, indigenous microflora has recently been utilized successfully as a biofloc technology in aquatic systems for controlling ammonia and subsequent reduction of feeding cost. Accordingly, performance of the indigenous microflora in undiluted liquid digestate of chicken manure was evaluated in this study to recover nutrients and produce high-value biomass under aerobic heterotrophic mode in batch shaking experiments. The results showed that 68% of phosphate was recovered and 97% of total nitrogen was removed from the liquid digestate. Additionally, >6 g L−1 of dry biomass was simultaneously produced and featured with up to 65% crude protein without pathogens, 10.9% lipids, 10.7% ash and 19.6 MJ kg−1 gross energy. Therefore, the produced biomass could be used either as an alternative sustainable source for animal or fish feeding or as a substrate for energy applications.
Mostafa Sobhi; Jianbin Guo; Xian Cui; Hui Sun; Bowen Li; Dominic Aboagye; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Renjie Dong. A promising strategy for nutrient recovery using heterotrophic indigenous microflora from liquid biogas digestate. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 690, 492 -501.
AMA StyleMostafa Sobhi, Jianbin Guo, Xian Cui, Hui Sun, Bowen Li, Dominic Aboagye, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Renjie Dong. A promising strategy for nutrient recovery using heterotrophic indigenous microflora from liquid biogas digestate. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 690 ():492-501.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMostafa Sobhi; Jianbin Guo; Xian Cui; Hui Sun; Bowen Li; Dominic Aboagye; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Renjie Dong. 2019. "A promising strategy for nutrient recovery using heterotrophic indigenous microflora from liquid biogas digestate." Science of The Total Environment 690, no. : 492-501.
The present study aims at evaluating the batch scale potential of cotton shell powder (CSP), Moringa oleifera leaves (ML), and magnetite-assisted composites of Moringa oleifera leaves (MLMC) and cotton shell powder (CSPMC) for the removal of brilliant green dye (BG) from synthetic wastewater. This is the first attempt to combine biosorbents with nanoparticles (NPs) for the removal of BG. The surface properties of ML, CSP, and their composites were characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). The impact of dosage of the adsorbents (1–4 g/L), initial concentrations of BG (20–320 mg/L), pH (6–12), and contact time (15–180 min) on BG removal was evaluated. The BG removal was in order of CSPMC > MLMC > CSP > ML (98.8–86.6% > 98.2–82.0% > 92.3–70.7% > 89.0–57.4%) at optimum dosage (2 g/L) and pH (8). Moreover, maximum adsorption (252.17 mg/g) was obtained with CSPMC. The experimental results showed better fit with Freundlich adsorption isotherm model and kinetic data revealed that sorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The values of Gibbs free energy and mean free energy of sorption showed that physical adsorption was involved in the removal of BG. FTIR results confirmed that –O-H, –C-OH, =C-H, –C-H, =–CH3, HC ≡ CH, C=C, –C=O, –C-N, and –C-O-C– groups were involved in the removal of BG. The results revealed that application of low-cost biosorbents combined with NPs is very effective and promising for the removal of textile dyes from wastewater.
Muhammad Imran; Azhar Ul Islam; Muhammad Adnan Tariq; Muhammad Hussnain Siddique; Noor Samad Shah; Zia Ul Haq Khan; Muhammad Amjad; Salah Ud Din; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Muhammad Asif Naeem; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Nawaz; Muhammad Rizwan. Synthesis of magnetite-based nanocomposites for effective removal of brilliant green dye from wastewater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2019, 26, 24489 -24502.
AMA StyleMuhammad Imran, Azhar Ul Islam, Muhammad Adnan Tariq, Muhammad Hussnain Siddique, Noor Samad Shah, Zia Ul Haq Khan, Muhammad Amjad, Salah Ud Din, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Muhammad Asif Naeem, Muhammad Nadeem, Muhammad Nawaz, Muhammad Rizwan. Synthesis of magnetite-based nanocomposites for effective removal of brilliant green dye from wastewater. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2019; 26 (24):24489-24502.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Imran; Azhar Ul Islam; Muhammad Adnan Tariq; Muhammad Hussnain Siddique; Noor Samad Shah; Zia Ul Haq Khan; Muhammad Amjad; Salah Ud Din; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Muhammad Asif Naeem; Muhammad Nadeem; Muhammad Nawaz; Muhammad Rizwan. 2019. "Synthesis of magnetite-based nanocomposites for effective removal of brilliant green dye from wastewater." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26, no. 24: 24489-24502.
Differences in ion-surface reactions among various divalent cations may result in large differences in clay particle interaction behaviors. Specific ion effects of Cu2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in montmorillonite (Mt) aggregation were studied by laser light scattering. The aggregation rate in the presence of Cu2+ was much higher than that in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+. The critical coagulation concentrations (CCCs) were Cu2+ (0.650 mM)<
Xiaodan Gao; Rui Tian; Xinmin Liu; Hualing Zhu; Ying Tang; Chenyang Xu; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Hang Li. Specific ion effects of Cu2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ on montmorillonite aggregation. Applied Clay Science 2019, 179, 105154 .
AMA StyleXiaodan Gao, Rui Tian, Xinmin Liu, Hualing Zhu, Ying Tang, Chenyang Xu, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Hang Li. Specific ion effects of Cu2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ on montmorillonite aggregation. Applied Clay Science. 2019; 179 ():105154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaodan Gao; Rui Tian; Xinmin Liu; Hualing Zhu; Ying Tang; Chenyang Xu; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Hang Li. 2019. "Specific ion effects of Cu2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ on montmorillonite aggregation." Applied Clay Science 179, no. : 105154.