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The knowledge about the effects of pharmaceuticals on aquatic organisms has been increasing in the last decade. However, due to the variety of compounds presents in the aquatic medium, exposure scenarios and exposed organisms, there are still many gaps in the knowledge on how mixtures of such bioactive compounds affect exposed non target organisms. The crayfish Procambarus clarkii was used to analyze the toxicity effects of mixtures of ciprofloxacin, flumequine and ibuprofen at low and high concentrations (10 and 100 μg/L) over 21 days of exposure and to assess the recovery capacity of the organism after a depuration phase following exposure during additional 7 days in clean water. The crayfish accumulated the three compounds throughout the entire exposure in the hepatopancreas. The exposure to the mixture altered the abundance of proteins associated with different cells functions such as biotransformation and detoxification processes (i.e. catalase and glutathione transferase), carbohydrate metabolism and immune responses. Additionally changes in expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes and in activity of the corresponding enzymes (i.e. superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase) were reported. Alterations at different levels of biological organization did not run in parallel under all circumstances and can be related to changes in the redox status of the target tissue. No differences were observed between control and exposed organisms for most of selected endpoints after a week of depuration, indicating that exposure to the drug mixture did not produce permanent damage in the hepatopancreas of P. clarkii.
Chiara Trombini; Julia Kazakova; Alejandro Montilla-López; Ricardo Fernández-Cisnal; Miriam Hampel; Rut Fernández-Torres; Miguel Ángel Bello-López; Nieves Abril; Julián Blasco. Assessment of pharmaceutical mixture (ibuprofen, ciprofloxacin and flumequine) effects to the crayfish Procambarus clarkii: A multilevel analysis (biochemical, transcriptional and proteomic approaches). Environmental Research 2021, 200, 111396 .
AMA StyleChiara Trombini, Julia Kazakova, Alejandro Montilla-López, Ricardo Fernández-Cisnal, Miriam Hampel, Rut Fernández-Torres, Miguel Ángel Bello-López, Nieves Abril, Julián Blasco. Assessment of pharmaceutical mixture (ibuprofen, ciprofloxacin and flumequine) effects to the crayfish Procambarus clarkii: A multilevel analysis (biochemical, transcriptional and proteomic approaches). Environmental Research. 2021; 200 ():111396.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChiara Trombini; Julia Kazakova; Alejandro Montilla-López; Ricardo Fernández-Cisnal; Miriam Hampel; Rut Fernández-Torres; Miguel Ángel Bello-López; Nieves Abril; Julián Blasco. 2021. "Assessment of pharmaceutical mixture (ibuprofen, ciprofloxacin and flumequine) effects to the crayfish Procambarus clarkii: A multilevel analysis (biochemical, transcriptional and proteomic approaches)." Environmental Research 200, no. : 111396.
The ability of aquatic organisms to sense the surrounding environment chemically and interpret such signals correctly is crucial for their ecological niche and survival. Although it is an oversimplification of the ecological interactions, we could consider that a significant part of the decisions taken by organisms are, to some extent, chemically driven. Accordingly, chemical contamination might interfere in the way organisms behave and interact with the environment. Just as any environmental factor, contamination can make a habitat less attractive or even unsuitable to accommodate life, conditioning to some degree the decision of organisms to stay in, or move from, an ecosystem. If we consider that contamination is not always spatially homogeneous and that many organisms can avoid it, the ability of contaminants to repel organisms should also be of concern. Thus, in this critical review, we have discussed the dual role of contamination: toxicity (disruption of the physiological and behavioral homeostasis) vs. repellency (contamination-driven changes in spatial distribution/habitat selection). The discussion is centered on methodologies (forced exposure against non-forced multi-compartmented exposure systems) and conceptual improvements (individual stress due to the toxic effects caused by a continuous exposure against contamination-driven spatial distribution). Finally, we propose an approach in which Stress and Landscape Ecology could be integrated with each other to improve our understanding of the threat contaminants represent to aquatic ecosystems.
Cristiano V. M. Araújo; Abdelmourhit Laissaoui; Daniel C. V. R. Silva; Eloisa Ramos-Rodríguez; Enrique González-Ortegón; Evaldo L. G. Espíndola; Francisco Baldó; Freylan Mena; Gema Parra; Julián Blasco; Julio López-Doval; Marta Sendra; Mohamed Banni; Mohammed Ariful Islam; Ignacio Moreno-Garrido. Not Only Toxic but Repellent: What Can Organisms’ Responses Tell Us about Contamination and What Are the Ecological Consequences When They Flee from an Environment? Toxics 2020, 8, 118 .
AMA StyleCristiano V. M. Araújo, Abdelmourhit Laissaoui, Daniel C. V. R. Silva, Eloisa Ramos-Rodríguez, Enrique González-Ortegón, Evaldo L. G. Espíndola, Francisco Baldó, Freylan Mena, Gema Parra, Julián Blasco, Julio López-Doval, Marta Sendra, Mohamed Banni, Mohammed Ariful Islam, Ignacio Moreno-Garrido. Not Only Toxic but Repellent: What Can Organisms’ Responses Tell Us about Contamination and What Are the Ecological Consequences When They Flee from an Environment? Toxics. 2020; 8 (4):118.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristiano V. M. Araújo; Abdelmourhit Laissaoui; Daniel C. V. R. Silva; Eloisa Ramos-Rodríguez; Enrique González-Ortegón; Evaldo L. G. Espíndola; Francisco Baldó; Freylan Mena; Gema Parra; Julián Blasco; Julio López-Doval; Marta Sendra; Mohamed Banni; Mohammed Ariful Islam; Ignacio Moreno-Garrido. 2020. "Not Only Toxic but Repellent: What Can Organisms’ Responses Tell Us about Contamination and What Are the Ecological Consequences When They Flee from an Environment?" Toxics 8, no. 4: 118.
Pharmaceuticals are included in the group of emergent pollutants due to their characteristics and potential negative effects. They remain mostly unregulated or are undergoing currently some sort of regularization process. Diclofenac, for instance, has been included in a watch list of substances for European Union-wide monitoring and the priority list of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a varied and chemically heterogeneous group of mainly anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic drugs, reducing symptoms of inflammation, pain, and fever, respectively. They are widely employed and have been detected in freshwater, seawater, and sediment. Nevertheless, they are found as mixture instead of single compounds. In this chapter, we have tried to summarize how to assess the risk due to the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems. We have focused on the mixture of diclofenac and ibuprofen using acute and sublethal toxicity data for different aquatic species. It has been presented new strategies as adverse outcome pathway to improve the understanding of the toxicity of these compounds. Although gaps of the information are pointed out, the risk levels associated with the occurrence of these compounds in aquatic ecosystems will range between no risk or high risk, depending on concentrations and environmental conditions.
Chiara Trombini; Julián Blasco; Miriam Hampel. Ibuprofen and Diclofenac: Effects on Freshwater and Marine Aquatic Organisms – Are They at Risk? The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2020, 161 -189.
AMA StyleChiara Trombini, Julián Blasco, Miriam Hampel. Ibuprofen and Diclofenac: Effects on Freshwater and Marine Aquatic Organisms – Are They at Risk? The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2020; ():161-189.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChiara Trombini; Julián Blasco; Miriam Hampel. 2020. "Ibuprofen and Diclofenac: Effects on Freshwater and Marine Aquatic Organisms – Are They at Risk?" The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 161-189.
The sunscreens are complex products for protecting the skin of UV radiation. These products contain active ingredients organic and inorganic UV filters. The release of some of these components can provoke negative effects to aquatic ecosystems. The UV filters have shown to be present in environmental compartments (freshwater, wastewater, groundwater, seawater, sediment, and sand) and to be ubiquitous, motivated by the use in other applications. To assess the environmental risk of these products implies to know exposure conditions and toxic effects in order to establish the risk quotient. This is calculated as the ratio between predicted environmental concentration (PEC) or measured environmental concentration (MEC) and predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC). The organic compounds that presented higher risk were benzophenone-3, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor. Nevertheless, this risk is depending on the location and environmental compartment. The lack of a database concentration of inorganic nanoparticles (TiO2 and ZnO) makes difficult to carry out a realistic assessment of environmental risk, although using modeled data an approach was carried out. The results evidenced that certain risk can be related to the release of these nanomaterials from sunscreens, although a refinement will be necessary to reduce the uncertainties. Finally, some gaps of information have been identified in order to get a more realistic environmental risk assessment. Thus, the toxicity of the mixture of sunscreens compounds under realistic conditions and the improvement of the knowledge of their mode of actions could be the next steps.
Julián Blasco; Chiara Trombini; Marta Sendra; Cristiano V. M. Araujo. Environmental Risk Assessment of Sunscreens. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 2020, 163 -184.
AMA StyleJulián Blasco, Chiara Trombini, Marta Sendra, Cristiano V. M. Araujo. Environmental Risk Assessment of Sunscreens. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. 2020; ():163-184.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulián Blasco; Chiara Trombini; Marta Sendra; Cristiano V. M. Araujo. 2020. "Environmental Risk Assessment of Sunscreens." The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry , no. : 163-184.
Plastic represents 60-80% of litter in the ocean. Degradation of plastic to small fragments leads to the formation of microplastics (MPs <5 mm) and nanoplastics (NPs <1 µm). One of the most widely used and representative plastics found in the ocean is polystyrene (PS). Among marine organisms, the immune system of bivalves is recognized as suitable to assess nanomaterial toxicity. Hemocyte subpopulations [R1 (large granular cells), R2 (small semi-granular cells) and R3 (small agranular or hyaline cells)] of Mytilus galloprovincialis are specialized in particular tasks and functions. The authors propose to examine the effects of different sizes (50 nm, 100 nm and 1 μm) PS NPs on the different immune cells of mussels when they were exposed to (1 and 10 mg·L−1) of PS NPs. The most noteworthy results found in this work are: (i) 1 µm PS NPs provoked higher immunological responses with respect to 50 and 100 nm PS NPs, possibly related to the higher stability in size and shape in hemolymph serum, (ii) the R1 subpopulation was the most affected with respect to R2 and R3 concerning immunological responses and (iii) an increase in the release of toxic radicals, apoptotic signals, tracking of lysosomes and a decrease in phagocytic activity was found in R1.
Marta Sendra; María Isabel Carrasco-Braganza; Pilar María Yeste; Marta Vila; Julián Blasco. Immunotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in different hemocyte subpopulations of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -14.
AMA StyleMarta Sendra, María Isabel Carrasco-Braganza, Pilar María Yeste, Marta Vila, Julián Blasco. Immunotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in different hemocyte subpopulations of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Sendra; María Isabel Carrasco-Braganza; Pilar María Yeste; Marta Vila; Julián Blasco. 2020. "Immunotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in different hemocyte subpopulations of Mytilus galloprovincialis." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-14.
Coastal transitional waters are exposed to many anthropogenic threats. This study aims to assess the trace metals' pollution status of transitional waters by evaluating its biological effects in the clam Venerupis decussata. Among the studied sites along the Tunisian littoral, South Tunis and Boughrara were the most impacted, since clams from these two lagoons presented significant differences in: (i) trace metal contents, (ii) in-cell hydrogen peroxide, (iii) enzymatic and non-enzymatic defenses, (iv) damage to lipids and proteins, and (v) protein post-translational modifications. These changes related to evident histopathological traits. PCA showed a clear separation between the digestive gland and gills tissues and illustrated an impact gradient in Tunisian coastal lagoons. Water temperature was revealed as an added natural stressor that, when concurring with high pollution, may jeopardize an ecosystem's health and contribute to the accumulation of hazardous metals in organisms.
Safa Bejaoui; Carmen Michán; Khaoula Telahigue; Salwa Nechi; Mhamed el Cafsi; Nejla Soudani; Julian Blasco; Pedro M. Costa; José Alhama. Metal body burden and tissue oxidative status in the bivalve Venerupis decussata from Tunisian coastal lagoons. Marine Environmental Research 2020, 159, 105000 .
AMA StyleSafa Bejaoui, Carmen Michán, Khaoula Telahigue, Salwa Nechi, Mhamed el Cafsi, Nejla Soudani, Julian Blasco, Pedro M. Costa, José Alhama. Metal body burden and tissue oxidative status in the bivalve Venerupis decussata from Tunisian coastal lagoons. Marine Environmental Research. 2020; 159 ():105000.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSafa Bejaoui; Carmen Michán; Khaoula Telahigue; Salwa Nechi; Mhamed el Cafsi; Nejla Soudani; Julian Blasco; Pedro M. Costa; José Alhama. 2020. "Metal body burden and tissue oxidative status in the bivalve Venerupis decussata from Tunisian coastal lagoons." Marine Environmental Research 159, no. : 105000.
When shrimps select a habitat, the presence of elements like predators, shelter and contamination might determine if an area is preferred or avoided. We hypothesised that when shrimps are exposed to a situation in which they have to select whether to avoid contamination, seek shelter or protect themselves against predators, they will avoid the situation that supposes a higher cost for their survival (cost-benefits balance). The current study aimed to assess the plasticity of the selection behaviour of the freshwater shrimp Atyaephyra desmarestii between moving to a clean and unprotected area (no shelter and with a risk of predation), thus avoiding exposure to contamination, or moving to a contaminated and protected area (with shelters), thereby avoiding potential predators. Shrimps were experimentally exposed in a free-choice system simulating a heterogeneous environment with a contaminant (copper), shelter and a predator signal (kairomones of Salmo trutta). The shrimps avoided the copper by moving towards a less contaminated area, both in the absence or presence of shelter. When confronted with a choice between a cleaner zone with no shelter and a contaminated zone with shelter, the shrimps preferred being in the cleanest area. However, when the uncontaminated area contained a predator signal, the shrimps balanced the risk of predation and exposure to contamination by selecting a moderately contaminated area relatively further away from the predator signals. In summary, contamination might favour a plasticity of the habitat selection behaviour of shrimps, modifying the cost-benefits balance of such a selection.
Cristiano V.M. Araújo; Karyna C. Pereira; Erica Sparaventi; Enrique González-Ortegón; Julian Blasco. Contamination may induce behavioural plasticity in the habitat selection by shrimps: A cost-benefits balance involving contamination, shelter and predation. Environmental Pollution 2020, 263, 114545 .
AMA StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo, Karyna C. Pereira, Erica Sparaventi, Enrique González-Ortegón, Julian Blasco. Contamination may induce behavioural plasticity in the habitat selection by shrimps: A cost-benefits balance involving contamination, shelter and predation. Environmental Pollution. 2020; 263 ():114545.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo; Karyna C. Pereira; Erica Sparaventi; Enrique González-Ortegón; Julian Blasco. 2020. "Contamination may induce behavioural plasticity in the habitat selection by shrimps: A cost-benefits balance involving contamination, shelter and predation." Environmental Pollution 263, no. : 114545.
Lead is a priority pollutant introduced in the aquatic environment by different sources commonly located in estuarine regions, such as ports, marinas and industries. Environmental agencies around the world set the maximum allowable concentration of lead in effluents, surface water and sediment, but few studies reported its accumulation and chronic toxicity in mangrove benthic invertebrates using concentrations believed to be safe. In the case of Brazilian mangrove environments, Ucides cordatus is a crab species of choice to be used in bioaccumulation studies. We have assessed biomarkers’ responses (DNA strand breaks, micronucleated cells, metallothioneins, enzymatic activity of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and neutral red retention time) and the total bioaccumulation in six tissues of U. cordatus crabs resident to mangrove areas under different conservation status during a 28-day period bioassay. We also investigated Pb subcellular partition and biomarkers’ responses using a supposedly safe concentration (10 μg L−1). During the Pb exposure, the highest concentration of Pb was observed in crab gills. Crabs also showed a high ability to allocate Pb in detoxified forms. Multivariate analysis pointed out that bioaccumulation (total, active and detoxified) is linked to biomarkers. Even in supposedly safe dosage, U. cordatus triggered its defense mechanisms expressing more metallothioneins and presented relevant cyto-genotoxic damage. Our data suggest the development of biological tolerance to Pb in crabs from polluted areas. Our results provided a new insight about lead toxicity even at concentrations considered environmentally safe, which could support new strategies to manage estuarine areas considering their respective conservation status.
Luis Felipe De Almeida Duarte; Julian Blasco; Marília Gabriela Miranda Catharino; Edson Gonçalves Moreira; Chiara Trombini; Caio Rodrigues Nobre; Beatriz Barbosa Moreno; Denis Moledo De Souza Abessa; Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira. Lead toxicity on a sentinel species subpopulation inhabiting mangroves with different status conservation. Chemosphere 2020, 251, 126394 .
AMA StyleLuis Felipe De Almeida Duarte, Julian Blasco, Marília Gabriela Miranda Catharino, Edson Gonçalves Moreira, Chiara Trombini, Caio Rodrigues Nobre, Beatriz Barbosa Moreno, Denis Moledo De Souza Abessa, Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira. Lead toxicity on a sentinel species subpopulation inhabiting mangroves with different status conservation. Chemosphere. 2020; 251 ():126394.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Felipe De Almeida Duarte; Julian Blasco; Marília Gabriela Miranda Catharino; Edson Gonçalves Moreira; Chiara Trombini; Caio Rodrigues Nobre; Beatriz Barbosa Moreno; Denis Moledo De Souza Abessa; Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira. 2020. "Lead toxicity on a sentinel species subpopulation inhabiting mangroves with different status conservation." Chemosphere 251, no. : 126394.
UV filters are a class of emerging contaminants with an annual estimated production of 10,000 tons worldwide that continuously enter aquatic environments. Among UV filters, 4-methylbenzylidenecamphor (4-MBC) is an organic camphor derivative used in the cosmetic industry for its ability to protect the skin against UV, specifically UV B radiation. Individuals of the Japanese clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, were exposed to 4-MBC at environmentally relevant and slightly higher concentrations (nominal: 0, 1, 10, 100 μg L−1) using a semi-static exposure system over a 7-days period followed by a 3-days depuration period (total 10 days) where no 4-MBC was added to the tanks. Assessed mortality reached up to 100 % at the highest exposure concentration and a LC50 value of 7.71 μg·L-14-MBC was derived. Environmental risk assessment carried out in a site specific environment, the Cadiz bay in the south of Spain, revealed a potential risk produced by the presence of 4-MBC. Digestive glands tissues were analysed for differential expression of genes encoding proteins involved in the stress response (SOD, MT, GST, EIF1, BCL2, TP53, CAT, 18S, GADPH, GPX, GADD45, THIO9) by RT-qPCR for relative quantification. Results showed that the presence of 4-MBC at environmentally relevant concentrations induced the expression of genes that encode for antioxidant enzymes (GST) and for proteins related to the inhibition of apoptosis (BCL2) and cellular stress (GADD), suggesting a physiological stress response.
Melania Santonocito; Barbara Salerno; Chiara Trombini; Federico Tonini; Marina G. Pintado-Herrera; Gonzalo Martinez-Rodriguez; Julian Blasco; Pablo Antonio Lara-Martín; Miriam Hampel. Stress under the sun: Effects of exposure to low concentrations of UV-filter 4- methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) in a marine bivalve filter feeder, the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Aquatic Toxicology 2020, 221, 105418 .
AMA StyleMelania Santonocito, Barbara Salerno, Chiara Trombini, Federico Tonini, Marina G. Pintado-Herrera, Gonzalo Martinez-Rodriguez, Julian Blasco, Pablo Antonio Lara-Martín, Miriam Hampel. Stress under the sun: Effects of exposure to low concentrations of UV-filter 4- methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) in a marine bivalve filter feeder, the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Aquatic Toxicology. 2020; 221 ():105418.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMelania Santonocito; Barbara Salerno; Chiara Trombini; Federico Tonini; Marina G. Pintado-Herrera; Gonzalo Martinez-Rodriguez; Julian Blasco; Pablo Antonio Lara-Martín; Miriam Hampel. 2020. "Stress under the sun: Effects of exposure to low concentrations of UV-filter 4- methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) in a marine bivalve filter feeder, the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum." Aquatic Toxicology 221, no. : 105418.
Julián Blasco; Cristiano V.M. Araújo; Rui Ribeiro; Matilde Moreira-Santos. Do Contaminants Influence the Spatial Distribution of Aquatic Species? How New Perspectives on Ecotoxicological Assays Might Answer This Question. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2019, 39, 7 -8.
AMA StyleJulián Blasco, Cristiano V.M. Araújo, Rui Ribeiro, Matilde Moreira-Santos. Do Contaminants Influence the Spatial Distribution of Aquatic Species? How New Perspectives on Ecotoxicological Assays Might Answer This Question. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2019; 39 (1):7-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulián Blasco; Cristiano V.M. Araújo; Rui Ribeiro; Matilde Moreira-Santos. 2019. "Do Contaminants Influence the Spatial Distribution of Aquatic Species? How New Perspectives on Ecotoxicological Assays Might Answer This Question." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 39, no. 1: 7-8.
The traditional ecotoxicity assays (forced exposure) tend to use organisms that are cultured under controlled conditions or that come from undisturbed ecosystems, with no (or negligible) previous contact with contamination. The same occurs in the non-forced approach, in which organisms are exposed to a contamination gradient and can move between different concentrations choosing the less toxic one. Considering that organisms inhabiting contaminated ecosystems tend to be gradually exposed to contamination, an abrupt exposure from uncontaminated conditions to a contaminated environment might present two problems: lack of ecological relevance to a scenario where the contamination occurs gradually and a magnification of the toxicity due to the sudden change in the environmental conditions. Therefore, a key question should be addressed: might a previous exposure to contamination reduce the organisms' perception of the danger of a contaminant (hypothesis of time-delayed avoidance due to pre-acclimation-TDADP), altering their avoidance response pattern? We tested the avoidance of zebrafish (Danio rerio: ±2 months old) populations when exposed to a copper gradient (0-400 μg/L). The populations differed according to the period (24 h and 7 and 30 days) in which they were acclimated to copper (ca. 400 μg/L). The avoidance in the 2 h experiments changed as a consequence of the acclimation period. In the population that was not previously acclimated, 40% of the fish moved to the less contaminated compartment and only 6.7% stayed in the most contaminated one; for the other populations those values were, respectively, 31 and 11% (24 h-acclimation), 28 and 26% (7 day-acclimation) and 19 and 27% (30 day-acclimation). An abrupt exposure to a contaminant might overestimate the response if this is analyzed in the short-term. When the avoidance tests were prolonged to 24 h, the avoidance tended to reach similar values to those of the non-acclimated population, thus supporting our TDADP hypothesis.
Cristiano V.M. Araújo; João Rodolfo S. Pontes; Julián Blasco. Does the previous exposure to copper alter the pattern of avoidance by zebrafish in a copper gradient scenario? Hypothesis of time-delayed avoidance due to pre-acclimation. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 694, 133703 .
AMA StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo, João Rodolfo S. Pontes, Julián Blasco. Does the previous exposure to copper alter the pattern of avoidance by zebrafish in a copper gradient scenario? Hypothesis of time-delayed avoidance due to pre-acclimation. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 694 ():133703.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo; João Rodolfo S. Pontes; Julián Blasco. 2019. "Does the previous exposure to copper alter the pattern of avoidance by zebrafish in a copper gradient scenario? Hypothesis of time-delayed avoidance due to pre-acclimation." Science of The Total Environment 694, no. : 133703.
Julian Blasco; Carlos Barata; José María Navas. Summary of the special issue. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 706, 134934 .
AMA StyleJulian Blasco, Carlos Barata, José María Navas. Summary of the special issue. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 706 ():134934.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulian Blasco; Carlos Barata; José María Navas. 2019. "Summary of the special issue." Science of The Total Environment 706, no. : 134934.
Contamination seems to exert a crucial role in the spatial distribution of some organisms, such as shrimps and fish. Both, especially the freshwater fish Danio rerio and the shrimp Atyaephyra desmarestii, have been tested experimentally for their avoidance response and have showed the ability to escape from toxic effects. As the behavior of avoiding or not the contamination might be altered in the presence of other factors, the aim of the current study was to verify whether the avoidance response of both species, when exposed jointly (multispecies tests), to a copper gradient is different from the avoidance response observed in monospecies tests. The avoidance was assessed in a multi-compartmented exposure system, in which a copper gradient was simulated. Organisms were tested individually and together. Both species avoided potentially toxic copper concentrations; however, shrimps were slightly more sensitive in the monospecies tests: AC50 (avoidance concentration for 50% of the population) of 60 (53-68) μg/L for the zebrafish and 50 (45-56) μg/L for the shrimp. In the multispecies tests, the sensitivity pattern changed: the avoidance response by the fish [AC50: 30 (14-46) μg/L] was greater than by the shrimps [AC50: 70 (22-141) μg/L]. Although the AC50 values are in the same order of magnitude, a slight trend to change the avoidance pattern was observed in the shrimps during multispecies test: the avoidance was lower and time-delayed. This behavioral change could be linked to the stress caused by the zebrafish sharing the space with the shrimps, perhaps increasing the territorialism of the fish, or a delay in the shrimps detecting the risk of contamination.
Cristiano V.M. Araújo; João Rodolfo S. Pontes; Julian Blasco. Might the interspecies interaction between fish and shrimps change the pattern of their avoidance response to contamination? Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2019, 186, 109757 .
AMA StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo, João Rodolfo S. Pontes, Julian Blasco. Might the interspecies interaction between fish and shrimps change the pattern of their avoidance response to contamination? Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2019; 186 ():109757.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo; João Rodolfo S. Pontes; Julian Blasco. 2019. "Might the interspecies interaction between fish and shrimps change the pattern of their avoidance response to contamination?" Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 186, no. : 109757.
Silver is a ubiquitous metal in the marine environment which can be accumulated by marine organisms. In order to assess the effect of dissolved silver (AgD) and AgNPs in R. philippinarum, the organisms were exposed to 20 μg L−1 of AgD and AgNPs (15 nm) over 7 days. Bioaccumulation of the metal and oxidative and detoxification biomarkers were studied in control and exposed clams. Ag was accumulated in gills and digestive glands. Results for biochemical biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activity, lipid peroxidation and metallothionein provoked a general increase in the integrated biomarker response index (IBR) values) indicating the induction of oxidative stress in the clams exposed to both Ag treatments. Therefore, the presence of Ag forms at the tested concentration in the aquatic medium represent a risk for R. philippinarum.
Fatma Aouini; Chiara Trombini; Marta Sendra; Julian Blasco. Biochemical response of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum to silver (AgD and AgNPs) exposure and application of an integrated biomarker response approach. Marine Environmental Research 2019, 152, 104783 .
AMA StyleFatma Aouini, Chiara Trombini, Marta Sendra, Julian Blasco. Biochemical response of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum to silver (AgD and AgNPs) exposure and application of an integrated biomarker response approach. Marine Environmental Research. 2019; 152 ():104783.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFatma Aouini; Chiara Trombini; Marta Sendra; Julian Blasco. 2019. "Biochemical response of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum to silver (AgD and AgNPs) exposure and application of an integrated biomarker response approach." Marine Environmental Research 152, no. : 104783.
Microalgae are the basis of the aquatic food webs. Perturbations of phytoplankton communities as a consequence of the occurrence of toxic compounds can affect both the structure and the function of the whole ecosystem. Nowadays, the wide use of metal (Me-ENPs) and metal oxide (MeO-ENPs) engineered nanoparticles have increased the release of such nanomaterials to the aquatic ecosystems affecting both fresh and seawater phytoplankton species. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge on the intrinsic (e.g. particle size, specific surface area, shape, zeta potential, water solubility, photocatalytic activity, crystallization, purity, redox potential, and coating composition) and extrinsic factors (chemical transformations, agglomeration/aggregation, redox stage, eco-corona formation) that affect the toxicity of Me-ENPs and MeO-ENPs. The mechanisms involved in the internalization of NPs, their toxic effect (e.g. ROS production, ultrastructure changes, cell viability, DNA damage) and to counteract them (e.g. EPS production) are discussed. Finally, general aspects, related to the improvement of ENPs toxicity tests, climate changes effects, and trophic transfer are considered.
Marta Sendra; Ignacio Moreno; Julian Blasco. Toxicity of Metal and Metal Oxide Engineered Nanoparticles to Phytoplankton. Ecotoxicology of Nanoparticles in Aquatic Systems 2019, 1 -37.
AMA StyleMarta Sendra, Ignacio Moreno, Julian Blasco. Toxicity of Metal and Metal Oxide Engineered Nanoparticles to Phytoplankton. Ecotoxicology of Nanoparticles in Aquatic Systems. 2019; ():1-37.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Sendra; Ignacio Moreno; Julian Blasco. 2019. "Toxicity of Metal and Metal Oxide Engineered Nanoparticles to Phytoplankton." Ecotoxicology of Nanoparticles in Aquatic Systems , no. : 1-37.
As the exposure of organisms to contaminants can provoke harmful effects, some organisms try to avoid a continuous exposure by using different strategies. The aim of the current study was to assess the ability of the shrimp Palaemon varians to detect a triclosan gradient and escape to less contaminated areas. Two multi-compartmented exposure systems (the linear system and the HeMHAS-Heterogeneous Multi-Habitat Assay System) were used and then results were compared. Finally, it was aimed how sensitive the avoidance response is by comparing it with other endpoints through a sensitivity profile by biological groups and the species sensitive distribution. The distribution of the shrimps along the triclosan gradient was dependent on the concentrations, not exceeding 3% for 54 μg/L in the linear system and 7% for 81 μg/L in the HeMHAS; 25% of organisms preferred the compartment with the lowest concentrations in both systems. Half of the population seems to avoid concentrations around 40-50 μg/L. The triclosan concentration that might start (threshold) to trigger an important avoidance (around 20%) was estimated to be of 18 μg/L. The profile of sensitivity to triclosan showed that avoidance by shrimps was less sensitive than microalgae growth and avoidance by guppy; however, it might occur even at concentrations considered safe for more than 95% of the species. In summary, (i) the HeMHAS proved to be a suitable system to simulate heterogeneous contamination scenarios, (ii) triclosan triggered the avoidance response in P. varians, and (iii) the avoidance was very sensitive compared to other ecotoxicological responses.
Cristiano V.M. Araújo; Livia Gómez; Daniel C.V.R. Silva; Marina G. Pintado-Herrera; Pablo A. Lara-Martín; Miriam Hampel; Julián Blasco. Risk of triclosan based on avoidance by the shrimp Palaemon varians in a heterogeneous contamination scenario: How sensitive is this approach? Chemosphere 2019, 235, 126 -135.
AMA StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo, Livia Gómez, Daniel C.V.R. Silva, Marina G. Pintado-Herrera, Pablo A. Lara-Martín, Miriam Hampel, Julián Blasco. Risk of triclosan based on avoidance by the shrimp Palaemon varians in a heterogeneous contamination scenario: How sensitive is this approach? Chemosphere. 2019; 235 ():126-135.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristiano V.M. Araújo; Livia Gómez; Daniel C.V.R. Silva; Marina G. Pintado-Herrera; Pablo A. Lara-Martín; Miriam Hampel; Julián Blasco. 2019. "Risk of triclosan based on avoidance by the shrimp Palaemon varians in a heterogeneous contamination scenario: How sensitive is this approach?" Chemosphere 235, no. : 126-135.
Metals are persistent pollutants, able to accumulate in the biota and magnify in trophic web. In the specific case of cadmium contamination, it has been the subject of considerable interest in recent years because of its biological effects and it is one of major pollutant in estuarine areas. Ucides cordatus is considered a mangrove local sentinel crab species in Brazil and there are previous studies reporting crab subpopulations living from pristine to heavily metal impacted areas in São Paulo coast (Southeastern Brazil). Taking into account the background knowledge about these subpopulations, we proposed the hypothesis that crabs from a highly polluted mangrove (Cubatão - CUB) have developed biological tolerance to cadmium compared to animals from an Environmental Protected Area (Jureia - JUR). Aiming to verify this hypothesis, we have investigated total bioaccumulation and subcellular partition of Cd, besides biomarkers' responses during a long-term exposure bioassay (28 days, with weekly sampling) using a supposedly safe Cd concentration (0.0022 mg L−1). Specimens from the pristine area (JUR) accumulated higher total Cd, as such as in its biologically active form in gills. Animals living in the polluted site (CUB) presented higher amounts of Cd in the mainly detoxifying tissue (hepatopancreas), which could be considered a pathway leading to tolerance for this metal. Multivariate analysis indicated that bioaccumulation (active, detoxified and total Cd) is linked to geno-cytotoxic damages. CUB subpopulation was considered more tolerant since it presented proportionally less damage and more capacity to allocate Cd in the main detoxifying forms and tissues.
Luis Felipe De Almeida Duarte; Julián Blasco Moreno; Marília Gabriela Miranda Catharino; Edson Gonçalves Moreira; Chiara Trombini; Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira. Mangrove metal pollution induces biological tolerance to Cd on a crab sentinel species subpopulation. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 687, 768 -779.
AMA StyleLuis Felipe De Almeida Duarte, Julián Blasco Moreno, Marília Gabriela Miranda Catharino, Edson Gonçalves Moreira, Chiara Trombini, Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira. Mangrove metal pollution induces biological tolerance to Cd on a crab sentinel species subpopulation. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 687 ():768-779.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis Felipe De Almeida Duarte; Julián Blasco Moreno; Marília Gabriela Miranda Catharino; Edson Gonçalves Moreira; Chiara Trombini; Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira. 2019. "Mangrove metal pollution induces biological tolerance to Cd on a crab sentinel species subpopulation." Science of The Total Environment 687, no. : 768-779.
Antonio Tovar-Sánchez; Cira Buonocore; David Roque; Julián Blasco. Addition to Metals in the European Marine Strategies Legislation: A Challenge for the Managers and Decision-Makers. Environmental Science & Technology 2019, 53, 5528 -5528.
AMA StyleAntonio Tovar-Sánchez, Cira Buonocore, David Roque, Julián Blasco. Addition to Metals in the European Marine Strategies Legislation: A Challenge for the Managers and Decision-Makers. Environmental Science & Technology. 2019; 53 (9):5528-5528.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonio Tovar-Sánchez; Cira Buonocore; David Roque; Julián Blasco. 2019. "Addition to Metals in the European Marine Strategies Legislation: A Challenge for the Managers and Decision-Makers." Environmental Science & Technology 53, no. 9: 5528-5528.
Nowadays, the occurrence of a large volume of plastic litter in oceanic and coastal zones has increased concern about its impacts on marine organisms. The degradation of plastic polymers leads to the formation of smaller fragments at both micro and nano scale (<5 mm and <1 μm respectively). Nanoplastics (NPs), due to their smaller size and high specific surface area can establish colloidal interactions with marine microalgae, therefore potential toxicity can be led. . To assess this hypothesis, the aim of the present study is to examine the behaviour of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) of different sizes (50 and 100 nm) in marine water and their possible effects at different physiological and cellular levels in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Different biomarkers and stress responses in P. tricornutum were analysed when organisms were exposed to environmentally relevant PS NPs concentrations between 0.1 and 50 mg L−1. Our results showed significant differences between controls and exposure microalgae, indicating toxicity. After 24 h, an increase in oxidative stress biomarkers, damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, DNA damage and depolarization of mitochondrial and cell membrane from 5 mg L−1 were observed. Further after 72 h the inhibition of population growth and chlorophyll content were observed. Examining effects the effects related to PS NPs size, the smallest (50 nm) induced greater effects at 24 h while bigger PS NPs (100 nm) at72 h. This bigger particles (100 nm) showed more stability (in size distribution and spherical form) in the different culture media assayed, when compared with the rest of particles used. Strong adsorption and/or internalization of PS NPs was confirmed through changes in cell complexity and cell size as well as the fluorescence of 100 nm fluoresbrite PS NPs after washing cell surface.
Marta Sendra; Eleonora Staffieri; María Pilar Yeste; Ignacio Moreno-Garrido; José Manuel Gatica; Ilaria Corsi; Julian Blasco. Are the primary characteristics of polystyrene nanoplastics responsible for toxicity and ad/absorption in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum? Environmental Pollution 2019, 249, 610 -619.
AMA StyleMarta Sendra, Eleonora Staffieri, María Pilar Yeste, Ignacio Moreno-Garrido, José Manuel Gatica, Ilaria Corsi, Julian Blasco. Are the primary characteristics of polystyrene nanoplastics responsible for toxicity and ad/absorption in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum? Environmental Pollution. 2019; 249 ():610-619.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarta Sendra; Eleonora Staffieri; María Pilar Yeste; Ignacio Moreno-Garrido; José Manuel Gatica; Ilaria Corsi; Julian Blasco. 2019. "Are the primary characteristics of polystyrene nanoplastics responsible for toxicity and ad/absorption in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum?" Environmental Pollution 249, no. : 610-619.
Cerium nanoparticles (nCeO2) are increasingly utilized in a wide variety of industrial, environmental and biomedical applications, and are therefore expected to be released in the aquatic environment. Due to its peculiar redox properties, nCeO2 may present unique hazards to environmental and human health. Previous data showed that in the hemocytes of the marine bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, in vitro exposure to a particular type of nCeO2 (9 nm, characterized by negative ζ-potential, high H2O2 scavenging capacity and Ce3+/Ce4+ surface ratio) reduced basal ROS production, lysosomal membrane stability and phagocytic activity in the presence of hemolymph serum; the effects observed were partly ascribed to the formation of a SOD-protein corona in the hemolymph. In this work, the in vivo effects of this type of nCeO2 were investigated in mussels exposed to 100 μg/L nCeO2 for 96 h; several lysosomal, immune, inflammatory and antioxidant biomarkers were measured at cellular (hemocytes) and tissue (gills, digestive gland) level. Molecular responses were evaluated in hemocytes and digestive gland by determining expression of 11 selected genes related to known biological functions. The results show specific immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of nCeO2 at different levels of biological organization in the absence of Cerium tissue accumulation. These data further support the redox mechanisms at the basis of the physiological effects of nCeO2. Finally, in order to evaluate the possible impact at the whole organism level, the effects of nCeO2 were evaluated in the 48 h embryotoxicity assay in a wide concentration range. However, nCeO2 exposure resulted in a small reduction in normal embryo development. Overall, the results demonstrate that in mussels nCeO2 can selectively modulate different physiological processes at different levels of biological organization.
M. Auguste; T. Balbi; M. Montagna; R. Fabbri; Marta Sendra; Julian Blasco; L. Canesi. In vivo immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties of nanoceria (nCeO2) in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 2019, 219, 95 -102.
AMA StyleM. Auguste, T. Balbi, M. Montagna, R. Fabbri, Marta Sendra, Julian Blasco, L. Canesi. In vivo immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties of nanoceria (nCeO2) in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology. 2019; 219 ():95-102.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Auguste; T. Balbi; M. Montagna; R. Fabbri; Marta Sendra; Julian Blasco; L. Canesi. 2019. "In vivo immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties of nanoceria (nCeO2) in the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 219, no. : 95-102.