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Climate change and expected weather patterns in the long-term threaten the livelihood inside oases settlements in arid lands, particularly under the recurring heat waves during the harsh months. This paper investigates the impact of climate change on the outdoor thermal comfort within a multifamily housing neighborhood that is considered the most common residential archetype in Algerian Sahara, under extreme weather conditions in the summer season, in the long-term. It focuses on assessing the outdoor thermal comfort in the long-term, based on the Perceived Temperature index (PT), using simulation software ENVI-met and calculation model RayMan. Three different stations in situ were conducted and combined with TMY weather datasets for 2020 and the IPCC future projections: A1B, A2, B1 for 2050, and 2080. The results are performed from two different perspectives: to investigate how heat stress evolution undergoes climate change from 2020 till 2080; and for the development of a mathematical algorithm to predict the outdoor thermal comfort values in short-term, medium-term and long-term durations. The results indicate a gradual increase in PT index values, starting from 2020 and progressively elevated to 2080 during the summer season, which refers to an extreme thermal heat-stress level with differences in PT index averages between 2020 and 2050 (+5.9 °C), and 2080 (+7.7 °C), meaning no comfortable thermal stress zone expected during 2080. This study gives urban climate researchers, architects, designers and urban planners several insights into predicted climate circumstances and their impacts on outdoor thermal comfort for the long-term under extreme weather conditions, in order to take preventive measures for the cities’ planning in the arid regions.
Mohamed Matallah; Waqas Mahar; Mushk Bughio; Djamel Alkama; Atef Ahriz; Soumia Bouzaher. Prediction of Climate Change Effect on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Arid Region. Energies 2021, 14, 4730 .
AMA StyleMohamed Matallah, Waqas Mahar, Mushk Bughio, Djamel Alkama, Atef Ahriz, Soumia Bouzaher. Prediction of Climate Change Effect on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Arid Region. Energies. 2021; 14 (16):4730.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Matallah; Waqas Mahar; Mushk Bughio; Djamel Alkama; Atef Ahriz; Soumia Bouzaher. 2021. "Prediction of Climate Change Effect on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Arid Region." Energies 14, no. 16: 4730.
Over 50% of the total energy consumed by buildings in a hot and dry climate goes toward the cooling regime during the harsh months. Non-residential buildings, especially houses of worship, need a tremendous amount of energy to create a comfortable environment for worshipers. Today, mosques are regarded as energy-hungry buildings, whereas in the past, they were designed according to sustainable vernacular architecture. This study was aimed at improving the energy performance of mosques in a hot and dry climate using bioclimatic principles and architectural elements. To achieve this aim, a process-based simulation approach was applied together with a generate and test technique on 86 scenarios based on 10 architectural elements, with various arithmetic transition rates organized in 9 successive steps. Starting from a simplified hypothetical model, the final model of the mosque design was arrived at based on a holistic bioclimatic vision using 10 architectural elements. The findings of this research were limited to a specific mosque size in a hot and dry climate, but the proposed holistic bioclimatic concept can be developed to take into account all mosque models in several harsh environments.
Atef Ahriz; Abdelhakim Mesloub; Khaled Elkhayat; Mohammed Alghaseb; Mohamed Abdelhafez; Aritra Ghosh. Development of a Mosque Design for a Hot, Dry Climate Based on a Holistic Bioclimatic Vision. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6254 .
AMA StyleAtef Ahriz, Abdelhakim Mesloub, Khaled Elkhayat, Mohammed Alghaseb, Mohamed Abdelhafez, Aritra Ghosh. Development of a Mosque Design for a Hot, Dry Climate Based on a Holistic Bioclimatic Vision. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6254.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAtef Ahriz; Abdelhakim Mesloub; Khaled Elkhayat; Mohammed Alghaseb; Mohamed Abdelhafez; Aritra Ghosh. 2021. "Development of a Mosque Design for a Hot, Dry Climate Based on a Holistic Bioclimatic Vision." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6254.
Oases settlements are common entities of human agglomerations throughout desert regions. Oases settlements face several environmental challenges such as climate change, which can render them insufferably hot and unlivable within decades. Therefore, this study aims to assess the outdoor thermal comfort variation within three different oases urban fabrics of Tolga Oases Complex in Algeria. The overarching aim is to quantify thermal comfort and guide landscape, and urban designers improve outdoor thermal comfort. The methodology relies on microclimatic measurements and weather datasets (TMY2, TMY3, TMYx), combining observations and numerical simulations. A total of 648 Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) values were calculated in three different urban fabrics in Tolga Oases Complex, Algeria. Between 2003 and 2017, a remarkable microclimatic change was found, causing a high and accelerated heat stress level of 76%. The study results inform architects, urban planners and climatologists about climate change effects and urban sprawl impact on the oases lands. Moreover, urban strategies should seek mitigation and adaptation benefiting from the existing green infrastructure of palm groves.
Mohamed Matallah; Djamel Alkama; Jacques Teller; Atef Ahriz; Shady Attia. Quantification of the Outdoor Thermal Comfort within Different Oases Urban Fabrics. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3051 .
AMA StyleMohamed Matallah, Djamel Alkama, Jacques Teller, Atef Ahriz, Shady Attia. Quantification of the Outdoor Thermal Comfort within Different Oases Urban Fabrics. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3051.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Matallah; Djamel Alkama; Jacques Teller; Atef Ahriz; Shady Attia. 2021. "Quantification of the Outdoor Thermal Comfort within Different Oases Urban Fabrics." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3051.
Oases throughout the world have become important ecosystems to replenish food and water supplies. The Saharan Oases exist above the largest underground water supplies in the World. In North Africa, oases witness significantly growing populations in the oasis towns and receive thousands of tourists yearly. In oasis settlements, the majority of the population spends most of the time outdoors, in extremely hot conditions; however, few studies have investigated urban outdoor thermal comfort conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess thermal comfort in the Tolga Oasis Complex and test the validity of the ‘oasis effect’ concept. The methodology is based on comparative field measurement and calculation approaches in the heart of Tolga Palm Grove and in different urban settlements. Results indicate highest heat stress levels (Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET) index) in the oases Palm Grove in July, PET = 41.7 °C, and urban settlements, PET = 40.9 °C. Despite the significant difference between the old and new settlement fabrics, our measurements and calculation did not identify any noticeable variation of thermal comfort. Thus, the oasis effect on the outdoor thermal comfort was insignificant (during July and August 2018). Finally, the study discusses ways to improve outdoor spaces design and relieve heat stress in the settlements of Tolga.
Mohamed Elhadi Matallah; Djamel Alkama; Atef Ahriz; Shady Attia. Assessment of the Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Oases Settlements. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 185 .
AMA StyleMohamed Elhadi Matallah, Djamel Alkama, Atef Ahriz, Shady Attia. Assessment of the Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Oases Settlements. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (2):185.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Elhadi Matallah; Djamel Alkama; Atef Ahriz; Shady Attia. 2020. "Assessment of the Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Oases Settlements." Atmosphere 11, no. 2: 185.