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The objective of this research is to identify the level of general fatigue (FG), physical fatigue (FF) and concentration/motivation (C/M) in sports coaches. Two components of grit, consistency of interest (CI) and perseverance in effort (PE), are also assessed. The possible effects of sex, age, marital status, employment contract, work dedication and grit on FG, FF and C/M in sports coaches are examined. This cross-sectional study analyses 335 sports club coaches (21.2% women, 78.8% male) with a mean age of 29.88 (SD = 9.97) years, at a significance level of p< 0.05 for all analyses. Different aspects of fatigue were determined using the Spanish translation of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 (IMF-20). The Grit-S scale was used to measure the ability to persevere, have passion and commit. The results indicated that men scored higher in FF, C/M and PE, while women obtained higher values in FG and CI. Non-contract coaches had higher FG, CI and PE, while coaches with contracts scored higher on C/M and FF. In conclusion, coaches with higher CI had higher FG, and high levels of PE were associated with low FG levels.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Francisco Cavas-García; José López-Gullón; Arturo Díaz-Suárez. Effects of Fatigue and Grit on Club Sports Coaches. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 7414 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Francisco Cavas-García, José López-Gullón, Arturo Díaz-Suárez. Effects of Fatigue and Grit on Club Sports Coaches. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (14):7414.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Francisco Cavas-García; José López-Gullón; Arturo Díaz-Suárez. 2021. "Effects of Fatigue and Grit on Club Sports Coaches." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 14: 7414.
Leadership is key in sports management, as it allows organizations to endure over time. Leadership style determines how an organization or sports club works. The purpose of this study is to investigate employees’ perceptions of the leadership style of presidents (managers) in amateur clubs and how it influences the effort, efficiency and satisfaction of those employees. The sample consists of club managers (N = 334), of whom 286 are men and 48 are women, with an average age of 42.05 (±9.64). The subordinate version of the Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire is used, and it is found that club presidents mostly use the transformational style, regardless of sports discipline. A descriptive analysis of the qualitative variables consists of absolute and relative frequencies. ANOVA is used for comparisons between groups, and forward multiple regression is used to determine the effects of different variables. There are significant differences between the managers of collective and individual sports clubs in terms of efficiency (p = 0.014) and satisfaction (p = 0.04). Leadership style had significant effects on effort, effectiveness and satisfaction, while the genre and type of sport did not, corroborating the positive predictive power of the transformational and transactional styles. Transformational and transactional leadership styles positively and statistically significantly predict the extra effort of subordinates, the perceived effectiveness of leadership and satisfaction with the leader. Leadership training brings advantages in the stability and sustainability of sports clubs.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Francisco Cavas-García; Arturo Díaz-Suárez. Leadership Style in Amateur Club Sports: A Key Element in Strategic Management. Sustainability 2021, 13, 730 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Francisco Cavas-García, Arturo Díaz-Suárez. Leadership Style in Amateur Club Sports: A Key Element in Strategic Management. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):730.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Francisco Cavas-García; Arturo Díaz-Suárez. 2021. "Leadership Style in Amateur Club Sports: A Key Element in Strategic Management." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 730.
The purpose of this study was to learn how physical activity, anxiety, resilience and engagement can influence optimism in older adults. An observational, quantitative, descriptive and transversal design was used with non-probabilistic sampling. A descriptive statistical analysis of the sample, Cronbach’s alpha test of internal consistency and linear correlation using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) were performed. In addition, a t-Student test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kolmogorov–Smirnov test of normality and Levene test of homogeneity, as well as a multivariate linear regression model, were conducted. Participants who had not engaged in physical activity showed an increased total anxiety and significantly greater decrease in concentration compared to those who had engaged in physical activity. The Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) and resilience of participants who had not engaged in physical activity were significantly lower than those of the participants who had engaged in physical activity. Those with a partner showed significantly lower decreases in concentration compared to single women. Regarding UWES, the current scores and dedication of couples were significantly higher than singles, as for resilience. In addition, the levels of pessimism in participants living on the coast were significantly higher compared to those living inland; in addition, a greater number of days with less anxiety is seen in those who performed physical activity. A multivariate linear regression model, F(7, 349) = 30.6, p < 0.001, explained 38% of the variance of LOT-R; those attending a public center had a lower LOT-R than those who did not, and high values of anxiety were associated with low levels of LOT-R, while high values of resilience were associated with high values of LOT-R. The results from the study provide support for future programs for older adults, in order to be able to determine in a much more precise way the objectives of programs intended for users of this age group.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García F.; Francisco Cano-Noguera. The Influence of Physical Activity, Anxiety, Resilience and Engagement on the Optimism of Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8284 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez, Francisco Cavas-García F., Francisco Cano-Noguera. The Influence of Physical Activity, Anxiety, Resilience and Engagement on the Optimism of Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (21):8284.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García F.; Francisco Cano-Noguera. 2020. "The Influence of Physical Activity, Anxiety, Resilience and Engagement on the Optimism of Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21: 8284.
The purpose of the study was to understand the effects of gender and age on anxiety, optimism, resilience and engagement in a group of older adults. An observational, quantitative, descriptive and transversal design was used with non-probabilistic sampling. Descriptive statistical analyses, reliability tests (Cronbach’s alpha) and linear correlation tests (Pearson’s) were performed, and the development of multivariate linear regression models was conducted. Female participants in the sample had higher levels in anxiety and pessimism, while male participants scored higher in optimism, engagement and resilience. Participants who practiced physical activity (PA) had better scores in optimism, engagement and resilience. The sample comprised 55.1% men and 44.9% women, between the ages of 51 and 93, with an average of 68.1 years, all participants completed the questionnaire Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) the short version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale questionnaire (UWES-9) the short version of the CD-RISC. As for marital status, there were significant differences between single participants and romantic partner. Singles participants showed higher levels of anxiety than their married counterparts, while those in a relationship scored higher in optimism, engagement and resilience. The model was statistically significant F (9;352) = 14.6; p < 0.001, explaining 27% of the variance in optimism. The data indicated that PA practice and living with a partner in an inland area is associated with less anxiety, which may have implications for programs and activities designed for older adults.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García; Francisco Cano-Noguera. Older Adults’ Gender, Age and Physical Activity Effects on Anxiety, Optimism, Resilience and Engagement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 7561 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez, Francisco Cavas-García, Francisco Cano-Noguera. Older Adults’ Gender, Age and Physical Activity Effects on Anxiety, Optimism, Resilience and Engagement. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (20):7561.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Ricardo José Ibáñez-Pérez; Francisco Cavas-García; Francisco Cano-Noguera. 2020. "Older Adults’ Gender, Age and Physical Activity Effects on Anxiety, Optimism, Resilience and Engagement." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 20: 7561.
The aim of the article was to find out the psychomotor profile of children in the second cycle of infant education (3–6 years) through an observational cohort study with a prospective character. A total of 277 students participated, 52.7% boys and 47.3% girls, grouped in a control group (52.3%) and an experimental group (47.7%). The McCarthy Scales of Aptitude (MCSA) and Psychomotor Skills for Children, 7th edition, were used. The results showed that, in the global score and its dimensions, the time factor had significant and different influences, according to the control or experimental group. However, there were no significant differences in motor skills with respect to sex. As conclusions, the level of psychomotor development of the sample is close to the average of the development scale used. The time factor is significant when the subjects are subjected to stimulation; therefore, this must be taken into account in any therapeutic or learning process.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Susana Imbernón Giménez; Arturo Díaz Suárez. The Psychomotor Profile of Pupils in Early Childhood Education. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2564 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Susana Imbernón Giménez, Arturo Díaz Suárez. The Psychomotor Profile of Pupils in Early Childhood Education. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (6):2564.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Susana Imbernón Giménez; Arturo Díaz Suárez. 2020. "The Psychomotor Profile of Pupils in Early Childhood Education." Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2564.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Vicente Morales Baños; Salvador Angosto Sánchez. Sailing: The crew leadership. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise 2018, 13, 1 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Vicente Morales Baños, Salvador Angosto Sánchez. Sailing: The crew leadership. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 2018; 13 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Vicente Morales Baños; Salvador Angosto Sánchez. 2018. "Sailing: The crew leadership." Journal of Human Sport and Exercise 13, no. 4: 1.
The quality management in the Municipal Sports Services is embedded in the servuction provided to the citizens, which are their internal customers who determine the quality improvement ensuring competitiveness with excellence criteria. The Model of the European Foundation for Quality Management enables the evaluation of organization progress towards achieving quality goals, from a structured, measurable and comparable methodology. The aim is to carry out a diagnosis of the level of implementation of quality in the Municipal Sports Services of the Region of Murcia, Spain. The sample of 287 workers of 30 sports services gets a high level of reliability at all scales, with a coefficient of variation of .985 (range .810–.943). The score in the criteria of Policy and Strategy, People Management, Alliances and Resources, Processes and People Results were significantly higher (p < .05) in the Municipalities with more than 25,000 inhabitants when compared with those less than 10,000 and with those from 10,000 to 25,000 inhabitants obtaining global ratings of 571 points, those less than 10,000, 590 points those from 10,000 to 25,000 and those higher than 25,000 reach 636, having a good level of quality in relation to the scale that determines the model.
Alfonso Martínez-Moreno; Arturo Díaz Suárez. Level of quality management in the Municipal Sports Services, contrast trough EFQM Excellence Model. SpringerPlus 2016, 5, 1855 .
AMA StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno, Arturo Díaz Suárez. Level of quality management in the Municipal Sports Services, contrast trough EFQM Excellence Model. SpringerPlus. 2016; 5 (1):1855.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlfonso Martínez-Moreno; Arturo Díaz Suárez. 2016. "Level of quality management in the Municipal Sports Services, contrast trough EFQM Excellence Model." SpringerPlus 5, no. 1: 1855.