Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices, mainly no-tillage (NT), cover cropping (CC), soil fertilization with organic amendments (OA), and crop-livestock (CL) and crop-livestock-forestry (CLF) systems, has been widely adopted in areas from Brazilian Cerrado. The CSA may partly offset former soil C losses and contribute to climate change mitigation. However, contradictory findings brought uncertainties about the effect of CSA on soil C. Here, by a systematic review of 87 papers and using 621 data pairs, we provided a pervasive biome-scale analysis [...] ABSTRACT Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices, mainly no-tillage (NT), cover cropping (CC), soil fertilization with organic amendments (OA), and crop-livestock (CL) and crop-livestock-forestry (CLF) systems, has been widely adopted in areas from Brazilian Cerrado. The CSA may partly offset former soil C losses and contribute to climate change mitigation. However, contradictory findings brought uncertainties about the effect of CSA on soil C. Here, by a systematic review of 87 papers and using 621 data pairs, we provided a pervasive biome-scale analysis

In recent years, the increase in Brazilian ethanol production has been based on expansion of sugarcane‐cropped area, mainly by the land use change (LUC) pasture–sugarcane. However, second‐generation (2G) cellulosic‐derived ethanol supplies are likely to increase dramatically in the next years in Brazil. Both these management changes potentially affect soil C (SOC) changes and may have a significant impact on the greenhouse gases balance of Brazilian ethanol. To evaluate these impacts, we used the DayCent model to predict the influence of the LUC native vegetation (NV)–pasture (PA)–sugarcane (SG), as well as to evaluate the effect of different management practices (straw removal, no‐tillage, and application of organic amendments) on long‐term SOC changes in sugarcane areas in Brazil. The DayCent model estimated that the conversion of NV‐PA caused SOC losses of 0.34 ± 0.03 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, while the conversion PA‐SG resulted in SOC gains of 0.16 ± 0.04 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Moreover, simulations showed SOC losses of 0.19 ± 0.04 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ in SG areas in Brazil with straw removal. However, our analysis suggested that adoption of some best management practices can mitigate these losses, highlighting the application of organic amendments (+0.14 ± 0.03 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹). Based on the commitments made by Brazilian government in the UNFCCC, we estimated the ethanol production needed to meet the domestic demand by 2030. If the increase in ethanol production was based on the expansion of sugarcane area on degraded pasture land, the model predicted a SOC accretion of 144 Tg from 2020 to 2050, while increased ethanol production based on straw removal as a cellulosic feedstock was predicted to decrease SOC by 50 Tg over the same 30‐year period.

A aplicação em solos agrícolas tem sido a principal alternativa para destinar o grande volume de dejetos líquidos suínos (DLS) gerados nos ambientes de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar possíveis modificações nos atributos físicos do solo decorrentes do sistema de manejo e aplicação de DLS. O estudo foi desenvolvido no município de Arapoti, PR, em agosto de 2012. Foram amostradas cinco áreas: floresta nativa, pastagem com adubação química e aplicação de DLS, plantio convencional com adubação química e aplicação de DLS, plantio direto com adubação química, plantio direto com adubação química e aplicação de DLS. Os atributos físicos do solo avaliados foram: densidade do solo (Ds), porosidade total (Pt), macroporosidade (Ma), razão macro e microporosidade (Ma/Mi) e resistência à penetração (RP). A adoção dos diferentes sistemas de manejo agrícola alterou a qualidade física do solo elevando a Ds e a RP e reduzindo o volume de poros. O solo manejado sob pastagem apresentou os maiores valores de RP. Não foram constatadas alterações nos atributos físicos do solo pela aplicação de DLS nos diferentes sistemas de manejo avaliados.