3D point cloud data from data acquisition techniques such as terrestrial photogrammetry, close range photogrammetry (CRP) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) play a major role in heritage because of the large amount of information they provide. This data includes the metric accuracy of the objects surface, reflectivity information and materials texture. The point clouds can be exported to Building Information Models (BIM) to simplify the 3D modelling processes, thus becoming part of the restoration and reconstruction project. Currently, most scientific works in the field implement insertion procedures of point clouds into BIM, whose interoperability should be analysed in order to reveal its usefulness in heritage buildings modelling. This paper reviews the scientific literature on the integration of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Structure-from-Motion/Multi-View Stereo (SfM/MVS) data into HBIM. Despite having been investigated, this field lacks a methodological structure regarding the integration of point cloud data into HBIM.

The benefits of Building Information Modelling (BIM) accrue from the needs of the interoperability of applied technologies. This scope is strongly related to heritage buildings. Protection plans encompassing phases of heritage conservation, interpretation, intervention and dissemination could lead to a sustainable model through a TeamWork-HBIM project. This work develops a step by step semantically enriched 3D model, from accurate data acquisition to the creation of a container of artistic assets. TeamWork-HBIM acts as a database for movable assets, i.e., parametric objects (GDL) with graphical and semantic information, which are valid for recording, inventory and cataloguing processes. Thus, heritage properties were created and used to create recording and inventory sheets related to movable assets. Consequently, a parametric object was edited in the HBIM project, so a new category called “Heritage Furniture” was available. Data from the monitoring of the artistic asset were included in that category. In addition, the specialist technicians from the TeamWork-HBIM team catalogued a dataset related to artistic, historical and conservation properties. Another advantage of the system was the reliability of the structure of the HBIM project, which was based on the actual geometry of the building provided by the point clouds. The information was valid for both modelling works and specialists in virtual monitoring. Moreover, the reliability of metadata was collected in a common data environment (CDE), which was available for everyone. As a result, the Teamwork-HBIM-CDE project meets the needs of private institutions, such as the Foundation of the Church of the Company of Jesus in Quito, related to the sustainability of the historic site. This sustainability is shown by the implementation of a methodology that strengthens the interdisciplinary information flow by including all disciplines of historical heritage.

A partir del análisis tipológico de las construcciones de adobe, tapial y bahareque de 50 inmuebles situados en las provincias de Pichincha, Cotopaxi, Tungurahua, Chimborazo y Bolívar, se han analizado las lesiones físicas, mecánicas, químico-biológicas y antrópicas producidas por los agentes atmosféricos y por el suelo, que afectan a las edificaciones en tierra cruda del área andina ecuatoriana y posteriormente las características físicas, resistencia mecánica y composición químico-mineralógica. Los resultados determinan que el agua afecta principalmente al 40% de los inmuebles por defectos constructivos, como la falta de sobrecimientos que facilitan las humedades en las partes bajas o de aleros pequeños que no protegen del agua de lluvia deteriorando los recubrimientos de barro, sobre todo de los bahareques y que se acentúa por el emplazamiento aislado de las edificaciones. Además, la dosificación empírica de la tierra utilizada con tamaño máximo de grava de 15-18mm más arenas está en la proporción de menos de 30% y poco más de 70% de arcillas y limos en las muestras de adobe y tapial; proporciones que varían en el bahareque con casi 55% de gravas -arenas y 45% de finos; con resistencias a compresión menores a 3MPa. Se han recogido las especies madereras, cañas y fibras utilizadas en la confección de las armaduras de cubiertas, entramados y mampuestos. La antigüedad de las edificaciones rurales sobrepasa los 50 años y el 82% de las estudiadas se encuentran en estado de abandono.

The Church of the Company of Jesus in Quito (1605–1765) is one of the most remarkable examples of colonial religious architecture on the World Heritage List. This church has multiple constructive phases and several interventions with no clear record of the entire architectural site, including the historical mortars. A total of 14 samples of coating mortars inside the central nave were taken, with the protocols suggested by the research team and a comparative sample of the architectural group that does not have intervention. The analysis presented in this paper focuses on mineralogical characterization, semi-quantitative analysis by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis of the samples. The results showed the presence of volcanic aggregate lime and gypsum, used in lining mortars and joint mortars. Mineralogical and textural composition data have allowed the mortar samples to be relatively dated.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo profundizar en la caracterización de los morteros de revestimiento en la arquitectura colonial de Quito de los siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII. Se parte del supuesto que durante la colonización hubo aportes locales y europeos en la construcción de la arquitectura religiosa de esta ciudad, los resultados que hoy están a la vista son testimonios de este proceso. El análisis de las características compositivas de los morteros, cuyas muestras provienen de los edificios que hoy conocemos, contribuyen a perfeccionar de alguna manera el rompecabezas de la historia, todavía incompleta, ya que las destrucciones producidas por terremotos, y sobre todo intervenciones de restauración o ampliación edilicia han dejado sus huellas en estos edificios.

The religious art of the Dominican order is reflected in Santo Domingo Church, which was built between 1541 and 1688. This work of heritage architecture, one of the first to be built in the colonized city, was affected by multiple earthquakes, interventions, and constructions that have not been clearly recorded. A total of 13 samples were taken from the mortar inside the cloister, central nave, and side chapel, following the minor destruction-testing protocols and standards suggested by the research team. The analysis included mineral characterization studies and quantitative analysis by X-ray diffraction, petrographic, and scanning electron microscopy with microanalysis of the samples. The results showed the presence of volcanic aggregates and lime mortars, mortars of rustic composition and coarse manufacture. The results of mineralogical data and texture have allowed us to corroborate the historical information described by the chroniclers, to date relatively studied sites and to establish a hypothesis of constructive stages.