Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a global framework for achieving economic, social, and environmental sustainability by 2030. Despite Bangladesh being one of the leading aquaculture‐producing countries, no comprehensive study has examined the contributions of aquaculture to achieving the SDGs. This comprehensive review‐based study demonstrates that aquaculture in Bangladesh contributes to nearly all SDGs through direct, indirect, related, and associated pathways. In 2022–2023, Bangladesh produced 4.9 million MT of fish, with aquaculture accounting for 58.03% of total production. Aquaculture production strengthens food security (SDG 2) and health (SDG 3) by providing nutrient‐rich fish, particularly small indigenous species (SIS), which supply essential micronutrients. Through income generated from aquaculture farming in rural areas, farmers significantly improved infrastructure for drinking water and sanitation facilities (SDG 6) and reduced dependance on polluted water sources. The sector also fosters decent work and economic growth (SDG 8) by creating employment opportunities across production, processing and trade, reducing poverty (SDG 1), and economic inequality (SDG 10). Environmentally, aquaculture contributes to climate action (SDG 13) by adopting low‐carbon farming techniques, such as pond fish‐vegetable, integrated rice‐fish, and rice‐fish‐vegetable farming. It protects life below water (SDG 14) by reducing overfishing and conserving marine biodiversity, while promoting responsible consumption and production (SDG 12) through sustainable feed innovations and waste management. Additionally, aquaculture enhances sustainable cities and communities (SDG 11) by ensuring a stable fish supply for urban populations and supporting rooftop and peri‐urban aquaponics. It also strengthens peace and partnerships (SDG 16 and 17) to an extent by fostering collaboration among government bodies, private enterprises, and research institutions. Future research should prioritize climate‐resilient fish farming, cost‐effective aquaculture, and AI monitoring while strengthening value chains, export access, governance, public–private partnerships, and renewable energy to ensure sustainable aquaculture growth and broader SDG achievement.

This study examines the impacts of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture in Bangladesh, one of the most climate-vulnerable countries in the world. The fisheries and aquaculture sectors contribute significantly to the national GDP and support the livelihoods of 12% of the total population. Using a Critical Literature Review (CLR) approach, peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and official datasets published between 2006 and 2025 were reviewed across databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, FAO, and the Bangladesh Department of Fisheries (DoF). The analysis identifies major climate drivers, including rising temperature, erratic rainfall, salinity intrusion, sea-level rise, floods, droughts, cyclones, and extreme events, and reviews their differentiated impacts on key components of the sector: inland capture fisheries, marine fisheries, and aquaculture systems. For inland capture fisheries, the review highlights habitat degradation, biodiversity loss, and disrupted fish migration and breeding cycles. In aquaculture, particularly in coastal systems, this study reviews the challenges posed by disease outbreaks, water quality deterioration, and disruptions in seed supply, affecting species such as carp, tilapia, pangasius, and shrimp. Coastal aquaculture is also particularly vulnerable to cyclones, tidal surges, and saline water intrusion, with documented economic losses from events such as Cyclones Yaas, Bulbul, Amphan, and Remal. The study synthesizes key findings related to climate-resilient aquaculture practices, monitoring frameworks, ecosystem-based approaches, and community-based adaptation strategies. It underscores the need for targeted interventions, especially in coastal areas facing increasing salinity levels and frequent storms. This study calls for collective action through policy interventions, research and development, and the promotion of climate-smart technologies to enhance resilience and sustain fisheries and aquaculture in the context of a rapidly changing climate.

The rapid expansion of aquaculture in Bangladesh has played a vital role in meeting the increasing demand for fish protein. However, the industry faces significant challenges due to the high cost and environmental impact of fishmeal (FM), a primary protein source in aquafeeds. This review critically evaluates alternative protein sources for aquafeeds, including plant‐based proteins, insect meals, agricultural by‐products, and single‐cell protein (SCP), with a focus on their applicability in the Bangladesh context. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, we synthesized evidence from peer‐reviewed studies and institutional reports to assess the nutritional profiles of these alternatives. Results show that while plant‐based proteins are affordable and locally available, they require processing to reduce antinutritional factors (ANFs). Insect meals exhibit high protein content and feed efficiency, with a primary focus on their essential amino acids (EAAs) profiles, which are crucial for optimal fish growth, immunity, and metabolic performance. Agricultural wastes such as fruit peels and vegetable residues offer cost‐effective and immune‐boosting properties, while SCP derived from algae, fungi, yeast, and bacteria emerge as a nutritionally robust and environmentally sustainable option. Despite the promise of these alternatives, limitations persist in terms of nutrient imbalances, processing requirements, and scalability. Overcoming these barriers demands targeted research and development, policy support, and investment in local feed innovation to ensure sustainable aquaculture growth. This study underscores the critical need for further research and strategic implementation of alternative feed resources to enhance the sustainability, profitability, and resilience of aquaculture in Bangladesh, with a focus on optimizing inclusion levels, improving digestibility, and utilizing locally available ingredients to ensure nutritional balance and food security.

The application of nanoparticles (NPs) in aquaculture has emerged as a promising frontier to enhance productivity, sustainability, and environmental stewardship. This comprehensive review explores the integration of NPs across core fields of aquaculture, including nutrition, health management, water treatment, breeding performance, sex manipulation, and waste management. NPs offer innovative solutions for improving fish growth rates, enhancing feed efficiency, and providing targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) to combat diseases. The antimicrobial properties of NPs effectively target and eliminate bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. NPs play a critical role in improving water quality by removing pollutants and pathogens, promoting a healthier aquaculture environment. They also aid in waste management by breaking down and recycling waste, reducing the ecological footprint of aquaculture. However, concerns about the toxicity of NPs present significant challenges. Future directions point to the importance of thorough risk assessments, the establishment of regulatory guidelines, and the adoption of sustainable approaches to fully leverage the advantages of NPs in aquaculture. Further research is essential to understand the long‐term impacts and safety of NPs in aquatic ecosystems. Addressing the issues above, the aquaculture industry can leverage NPs to adopt more sustainable and efficient practices, ensuring both food security and environmental protection.

Aquaculture in Bangladesh heavily relies on hatchery‐produced seeds but encounters climate change challenges. In an experimental study, two distinct recirculatory aquaculture systems (RAS) were employed: large‐RAS (LRAS) and mini‐RAS (MRAS). They were utilized for broodstock rearing, breeding, seed production and larval rearing of Heteropneustes fossilis , aiming to assess the overall suitability of RAS for seed production as an adaptation strategy in response to climate change. During the four‐month rearing period in LRAS, both male and female fish showed significant increases in length, weight gain and specific growth rate, accompanied by higher survival rates, particularly in developing broodstock. Breeding of H. fossilis was characterized by high fertilization (95%) and hatching rate (98%). Following 27 days of rearing in MRAS and the aquarium, the larvae exhibited adult‐like characteristics, showing an average length and weight of 2.6 ± 0.211 mm and 0.115 ± 0.088 g, respectively. By day 60 in LRAS, there was a notable increase in both the average length and weight of larvae to 6.55 ± 1.49 mm and 3.158 ± 0.64 g, accompanied by surface water air engulfment and heightened nocturnal activity. The relative condition factor (Kn) assesses the overall growth, health and well‐being of fish by comparing the observed weight to the expected weight based on the length–weight relationship, with a Kn of 1.25 for larvae in LRAS, indicating favourable growth. Subsequent larvae rearing in MRAS jars, aquarium tank, and LRAS tank for 10, 20 and 30 days, respectively exhibited noticeable length and weight gain with higher specific growth rates. These findings highlight the effectiveness of RAS in optimizing broodstock development, enhancing seed production efficiency and ensuring the quality of H. fossilis seed under controlled conditions. Implementing RAS can significantly contribute to climate‐resilient aquaculture, offering a sustainable solution for fish seed production in Bangladesh.

Aquaculture has rapidly become a vital sector for ensuring global food security by meeting the growing demand for animal protein. Bangladesh, one of the world’s leading aquaculture producers, recorded a production of 4.91 million MT in 2022–2023, largely driven by inland farming systems. Despite this remarkable growth, the sector is highly vulnerable to disease outbreaks, which are aggravated by different factors. Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites cause significant losses, while conventional disease diagnosis in Bangladesh still depends mainly on visual assessment and basic laboratory techniques, limiting early detection. This narrative review highlights recent advances in diagnostics as molecular tools, immunodiagnostics, nanodiagnostics, machine learning, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) that are widely applied globally but remain limited in Bangladesh due to infrastructure gaps, lack of skilled manpower, and resource constraints. Current treatment strategies largely rely on antibiotics and aquaculture medicinal products (AMPs), often misused without proper diagnosis, contributing to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Promising alternatives, including probiotics, immunostimulants, vaccines, and enhanced biosecurity, require greater adoption and farmer awareness. The near-term priorities for Bangladesh include standardized disease and AMR surveillance, prudent antibiotic stewardship, phased adoption of validated rapid diagnostics, and investment in diagnostic and human capacity. Policy-level actions, including a national aquatic animal health strategy, stricter antimicrobial regulation, strengthening diagnostic infrastructure in institution, are crucial to achieve sustainable disease management and ensure long-term resilience of aquaculture in Bangladesh.