The effects of heat treatments on microstructure and basic mechanical properties of selective laser melted (SLM) TC4 titanium alloy were investigated in detail. The results demonstrated that a lot of acicular α/α′ and β phases exist in the SLM TC4 titanium alloy. With the increase in the aging treatment temperature, the metastable α′ phase of SLM TC4 was decomposed into α + β laths. Moreover, the α/α′ phase and β phase grew coarser, leading to a gradual decrease in strength, that is, plasticity and hardness increased and decreased, respectively. In terms of solid-solution aging treatment, the β phase was transformed into the α′ martensite phase in the solid-solution treatment, and the aging treatment induced the decomposition of the metastable α′ phase into α + β laths. The strength and hardness of SLM TC4 alloy increased as the temperature increased. The optimal mechanical properties could be obtained by water quenching after holding at 960 ℃ for 1 h and then air cooling after holding at 600 °C for 8 h.

Reconciling efficient bacterial eradication with tissue safety remains a challenge in photothermal therapy (PTT) because of open‐loop thermal actuation. Herein, we propose a detachable bilayer hydrogel dressing comprising a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)‐based protective upper layer as a self‐regulating thermal cap, and a Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene/ciprofloxacin (CIP) therapeutic lower layer providing synergistic antibacterial therapy. Sequential replacement of the protection layer enables programmed temperature caps of 45°C for early infection control and 41°C for subsequent repair. Synergistic MXene/CIP effects achieve rapid and effective antibacterial activity (>99%) against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . In an infected rat wound model, the programmable temperature‐capped dressing shortens high‐temperature exposure, attenuates TNF‐α/IL‐6/p‐NF‐κB p65 expression, modulates VEGF/CD31‐associated angiogenic remodeling, and accelerates closure compared with controls. Furthermore, the percolated MXene network endows the therapeutic layer with stable negative temperature coefficient (NTC) behavior. To explore this extended electronic utility, we demonstrated the dressing's capability for in situ temperature monitoring. Additionally, a benchtop closed‐loop laser control system was constructed to serve as a proof‐of‐concept for future autonomous feedback regulation. Overall, this bioelectronic hybrid platform advances PTT from conventional open‐loop heating toward a thermally capped and feedback‐compatible therapeutic strategy, offering a versatile paradigm for safer infected wound management.

Sleep respiratory monitoring plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and health management of sleep-related respiratory disorders. However, conventional monitoring devices often suffer from some critical issues, such as poor wearing comfort and insufficient capability for long-term continuous monitoring, hindering their applications in non-invasive and prolonged sleep monitoring. In recent years, hydrogel-based mechanical sensors have attracted increasing attention for sleep respiratory monitoring owing to their outstanding flexibility, biocompatibility, mechanical compatibility with biological tissues, and excellent sensing performance, demonstrating great potential for practical applications. A comprehensive overview of recent advances in hydrogel-based mechanical sensors for sleep-related respiratory monitoring is provided in this review. The sensing mechanisms, materials, fabrication strategies, and representative applications are systematically summarized, with particular emphasis on the key factors governing sensor performance and their translation toward practical use. Furthermore, current challenges and corresponding optimization strategies are discussed. This review aims to provide valuable insights into the rational design and optimization of high-performance hydrogel-based mechanical sensors, and important strategies for the further development of advanced technologies for sleep-related respiratory monitoring.

Sleep-related breathing disorders, particularly the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, lead to an urgent demand for continuous, comfortable, and accurate monitoring technologies. However, conventional polysomnography is limited by complex procedures, poor wearing comfort, and restricted suitability for long-term monitoring. Owing to their skin-like mechanical performance, high biocompatibility, high ionic conductivity, and excellent tissue compatibility, hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for flexible bioelectronic devices. Recent multimodal hydrogel-based sensors enable simultaneous acquisition of mechanical, thermohygrometric, and electrophysiological signals, providing new opportunities for comprehensive sleep respiratory monitoring. This review systematically discusses the mechanisms for acquiring and analyzing multimodal physiological signals, including respiratory motion, respiratory airflow, auxiliary physiological signals, and AI-assisted sleep respiratory state recognition. Furthermore, structural design strategies, including single-layer, multilayer, biomimetic, and integrated architectures, are reviewed to clarify how structural configurations facilitate multimodal signal acquisition, signal interference suppression, and sensing performance optimization. This review provides valuable references for the future development of high-performance wearable multimodal hydrogel-based sensors toward sleep respiratory monitoring.