This paper presents a simple mathematical and Simulink model of a two-phase hybrid stepper motor, where ignoring the permeance space harmonics of the hybrid stepper motor is regarded as the main physical assumption in this article. Moreover, the dq transformation method is adopted as the main mathematical approach for the derivation of the proposed model, where simple voltages, currents, and torque equations are obtained and used to build the proposed Simulink and circuit model of the stepper motor. The validity and the effectiveness of the proposed model are examined by comparing its results with the results collected from the Simulink model in the library of Matlab. The obtained simulation results showed that the proposed model achieved a high simplicity and high accuracy when compared with conventional models.

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology can transfer electrical energy from a transmitter to a receiver wirelessly. Due to its many advantages, WPT technology is a more adequate and suitable solution for many industrial applications compared to the power transfer by wires. Using WPT technology will reduce the annoyance of wires, improve the power transfer mechanisms. Recently, the WPT gain enormous attention to charging the on-board batteries of the Electric Vehicle (EV). Several well-known car manufacturing companies start efforts to adopt WPT technology and enhance its features. Therefore, WPT can be achieved through the affordable inductive coupling between two coils named a transmitter and a receiver coil. In EV charging applications, transmitter coils are located underneath the road, and receiver coils are installed in the EV. The inductive WPT of resonant type is generally applied to medium-high power transfer applications like EV charging because it achieves better energy efficiency. In this chapter, various WPT technologies are discussed and tested in EV wireless charging applications. Furthermore, extensive information is given to developing an advanced WPT technology that can transfer maximum power by achieving maximum efficiency.

The conventional unidirectional power flow model of centralized energy grids is being revolutionized by integrating renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems, to meet the escalating demand for electricity while ensuring sustainability. However, this integration challenges the efficiency and performance of power systems and impacts various parameters, including power quality, voltage profile, power factor, power loss, and load flow. This paper investigates the effects and performance of a grid-tied PV system integrated into the conventional power system, focusing on the Palestine Polytechnic University (PPU) 230 kWp PV plant as a real-world case study. Simulations conducted using ETAP software revealed that integrating the PV system resulted in a slight increase in the voltage level at the main bus of the PPU feeder, with an increase of 0.03% at the medium-voltage level. Additionally, the voltage level at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) increased by 0.51% with a PV penetration level of only 14.7%, which remains within the acceptable range according to IEEE 1547 standards. These findings underscore the minimal impact of the PV system on the voltage profile and highlight the system’s ability to maintain power quality and efficiency even with the addition of renewable energy sources. The daily load profiles were studied with and without the PV system, providing a comprehensive analysis of its effects on the grid.

An application of phase-angle-difference based algorithm with percentage differential relays is presented in this paper. In the situation where the transformer differential relay is under magnetizing inrush current, the algorithm will be utilized to block the process. In this study, the technique is modeled and implemented using Simulink integrated with MATLAB. The real circuit model of power transformer and current transformers are considered in the simulation model. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the technique in different operation modes; such as, magnetizing inrush currents, current transformers saturation and internal transformer faults.

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) and their applications have gained momentum for their ability to use waste thermal energy. More contemporary technology must offer more exceptional energy-efficient applications at a lower cost. New technology must also have an ability to generate electric power through the conversion of wasted heat. The TEG has demonstrated its efficiency and how it can offer increased potential by adding an MPPT algorithm to increase the power flow while decreasing the cost of operation. The limitations can be offset by the use of lower cost manufacturing materials and automated systems in the TEG units. It is also important to note the cost per watt found in using a thermoelectric generator is estimated to be $1/W for an installed device. To achieve this goal, the optimum operating point should be monitored by DC to DC converters. The DC to DC converters should also be driven through a generated pulse using an MPPT algorithm.