The study of the mechanisms underlying the perception of visual information, as well as the speed and adequacy of its processing, is of practical interest to martial artists. This study aims to develop and validate a methodology for assessing spatial perception in martial arts. It involved 57 participants practicing taekwondo, representing various age groups and skill levels (age: 18.6 years, SD = 3.52; qualifications: 8th Gup to 1st Dan). At the first stage of the research, the newly developed “Spatial Perception” application was preliminarily tested to determine its reliability and validity. In the second stage, the specific features of spatial perception among martial artists of different ages and qualifications were examined. The findings indicate that the rotation of objects provides additional information for object recognition, which reduces reaction time and the number of errors in response selection. The speed of processing dynamic visual cues reflects athletes’ psychophysiological capabilities, which are crucial during competitive bouts. Adult, qualified martial artists with relevant competitive experience possess a greater volume of visual images, which reduces the time of their spatial perception, thus confirming the hypothesis proposed in this study. Athletes at this level can maintain focus on objects and are less affected by distracting visual stimuli. The results obtained may assist martial arts coaches in improving the monitoring of athletes’ functional states and optimizing training processes.

Аналіз змагальної діяльності українських борців вільного стилю на Чемпіонаті світу U-23 в 2021 році

Purpose: based on the analysis of competitive activity to establish the technical and tactical arsenal of professional sumo wrestlers. Material and methods. To solve the problems of the study, the following methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet networks, generalization of best practices, analysis of protocols and video recordings of professional sumo wrestlers, method of mathematical statistics. The 290 fights of the June 2022 tournament of the highest division of Makuuti, which took place in Nagoya (Japan), were analyzed. Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodological information, Internet sources and generalization of best practices, it was found that the problem of analyzing competitive activity and determining the main technical and tactical actions of sumo wrestlers is relevant for the study. The analysis of the competitive activity of professional sumo wrestlers at the June 2022 tournament of the highest division of Makuuti made it possible to identify 25 main technical and tactical actions (TTD) that are most often used: Oshidashi (23,89 % of all TTD), Yorikiri (22,79 %), Hatakikomi (11,39 %), Tsukiotoshi (5,51 %), Tsukiidashi (4,77 %), Uwatenage (4,41 %), hikiotoshi (4,04 %), okuridashi (3,68 %), oshitaoshi (3,31 %), yoritaoshi (2,57 %), kotenage (2,21 %), uwatenedashinage (1,84 %), shitatenage (1,84 %), tottari (1,47 %), asitori (1,10 %), abisetaoshi (0,74 %), watashikome (0,74 %), kimedashi (0,74 %), sukuinage (0,74 %), hikakke (0,37 %), sotogake (0,37 %), kubihineri (0,37 %), kekayeshi (0,37 %), katasukashi (0,37 %), kakenage (0,37 %). Conclusions. It was found that professional sumo wrestlers used only 31,25 % of technical and tactical actions from the entire arsenal of sumo wrestling. Most of all, sumo wrestlers performed technical and tactical actions from the classification group of kihonwaza (86 % of all techniques included in this classification group), then from nagete (46 %), tokushuwaza (29 %), kakete (22 %) and hinerite (21 %). No technical and tactical actions were carried out in the Sorite classification group. The obtained data indicate the importance of technical and tactical preparedness of athletes as a factor determining the success in sumo wrestling.

Purpose: on the basis of the analysis of competitive activity, make a comparative analysis of the technical and tactical arsenal of men and women in sumo. Material and methods. The following methods were used to solve the research problems: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet networks, generalization of best practical experience, analysis of protocols and video recordings of fights of amateur sumo wrestlers, the method of mathematical statistics. An analysis of 48 fights at the 2022 World Games in Birmingham (USA) was conducted. The final and semi-final bouts of amateur sumo wrestlers were analyzed (24 bouts for men and women each). Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodical information, Internet sources and the generalization of best practical experience, it was established that the problem of analyzing competitive activity and determining the main technical and tactical actions of sumo wrestlers is relevant for conducting research. The analysis of the competitive activity of amateur sumo wrestlers allowed us to identify 21 technical and tactical actions that were carried out at the 2022 World Games in Birmingham (USA): Asitori (4,3 % of all tehnical and tactical actions), Watashikome (2,2 %), Isamiashi (4,3 %), Yorikiri (23,9 %), Yoritaoshi (2,2 %), Kimedashi (2,2 %), Kotenage (4,3 %), Okuridashi (2,2 %), Osidashi (10,9 %), Ositaoshi (4,3 %), Okurihikiotoshi (2,2 %), Sitatenage (4,3 %), Sotokomata (2,2 %), Sukuinage (4,3 %), Uwatenage (4,3 %), Uwatehineri (2,2 %), Hatakikomi (2,2 %), Hikyotoshi (8,8 %), Tsukidashi (2,2 %), Tsukyotoshi (4,3 %), Tsuridashi (2,2 % of all tehnical and tactical actions). Conclusions. It was established that amateur sumo wrestlers used only 26,25 % of technical and tactical actions from the entire arsenal of sumo wrestling in the final and semi-final bouts. So, male sumo wrestlers performed 17,50 %, and female sumo wrestlers – 15,00 % of techniques from the entire technical and tactical arsenal. The main technical and tactical actions performed by men and women in sumo wrestling are determined. The most common technique performed by all sumo wrestlers was yorikiri, men performed it 6 times (26,5 %), and women - 5 times (21,7 %). The obtained data indicate the importance of the technical and tactical preparation of athletes as a factor that determines success in sumo wrestling

Purpose: to determine the technical and tactical arsenal of sumo wrestlers based on the analysis of competitive activity at the 14th World Championship in 2019. Material and methods. The following methods were used to solve the research tasks: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet networks, generalization of best practical experience, analysis of protocols and video recordings of sumo wrestling bouts, the method of mathematical statistics. A total of 111 matches were analyzed at the 2019 World Cup held in Osaka (Japan). Results: on the basis of the analysis of scientific and methodological information, Internet sources and the generalization of best practical experience, it was determined that the problem of analyzing competitive activity and identifying the main technical and tactical actions in sumo is relevant for conducting research. Based on the analysis of the competitive activity at the 14th World Championship in 2019, 20 main technical and tactical actions (TTА) were determined, which were most often used by sumo wrestlers: yoritaoshi (21,7 % of all TTА), yorikiri (19,8 %), uwatenage (13,5 %), osidashi (10,8 %), tsukyotoshi (5,4 %), tsukidashi (4,5 %), hatakikomi (4,5 %), hikyotoshi (4,5 %), sitatenage (3,6 %), tsukuinage (2,7 %), tsukitaoshi (0,9 %), kotenage (0,9 %), sitatedasinage (0,9 %), uwatedasinage (0,9 %), uwatehineri (0,9 %), utigake (0,9 %), watashikomi (0,9 %), ositaoshi (0,9 %), okuridashi (0,9 %), kimedashi (0,9 %). Conclusions. It was established that the largest number of technical and tactical actions was carried out from the kihonwadza classification group (59 %), followed by nagete (22 %) and tokushuwadza (11 %). The least number of conducted TTА were from the Hinerite (6 %) and Kakete (2 %) groups. Sumo wrestlers of the national team of Ukraine had 29 bouts at this world championship, of which they won 25 bouts. Ukrainian women have three gold and two silver medals. The most used technique of Ukrainian women was yorikiri, it was performed 5 times (20 %). The least number of times Ukrainian women performed tsukitaoshi, tsukyotoshi, hikyotoshi, okuridashi, they were used 1 time each (4 %).

Особенности проявления сенсомоторных реакций студентами ХГАФК