Introduction and objective: Microplastics (MPLs) are described as synthetic polymer particles with dimensions below 5 mm. Within this group, particles measuring less than 1 µm are referred to as nanoplastics (NPLs). These particles are extensively distributed in the environment and have been...

Aim: This paper explores the relationship between obesity and oral diseases. Early detection and prevention of risk factors are essential for indispensable for promoting long-term health and elevating the quality of life in affected patients. Materials and methods: A search of PubMed and Google Scholar on November 10, 2024, retrieving 48 articles from 2016-2024. After screening criteria, 45 articles were included. All authors verified the final content. Conclusions: Evidence suggests a notable association between obesity and oral health issues, including periodontitis, peri-implantitis, and other gum diseases. Certain research point to the possibility that patients who undergo bariatric surgery could also experience worsening dental health. Inadequate oral hygiene and excessive sugar consumption, along with obesity, contribute to the worsening of dental problems in both children and adults. Further studies are required to better elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this association, which remains insufficiently explained in literature.

Introduction and Purpose: Sleep is a biological process essential for immune function, brain development, memory consolidation and emotional regulation. Sleep restriction affects metabolic processes, hormone regulation and coagulation processes and is implicated in various diseases, including for example type 2 diabetes, hypertension, stroke and heart disease. The purpose of our study is to examine the impact of sleep quality on obesity and related diseases. We aim to understand how improving sleep habits can reduce the risk of obesity and its related health issues. Brief Description of the State of Knowledge: Sleep deprivation disrupts hormonal regulation, reducing leptin and increasing ghrelin, leading to overeating and weight gain. Circadian rhythm disturbances also promote insulin resistance and fat storage. Obesity further impairs sleep quality, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and hypertension. In pediatric populations, inadequate sleep is associated with higher BMI and an elevated risk of obesity. Summary: Insufficient sleep alters hormonal regulation, promoting overeating and increasing obesity risk, which exacerbates metabolic dysfunction. Addressing sleep disorders and promoting healthy sleep and diet are essential for prevention.