This paper presents the results of computer simulations and experimental studies, aiming to increase the mechanical strength of sheet metal parts manufactured from high‐quality structural carbon steel by means of local laser processing. The effects of laser processing on the strength of steel sheet plates and their ability to resist bend load after laser treatment were studied. The results of bending experiments and computer simulations of elastoplastic deformation establish that local laser processing with surface melting can be used to increase the mechanical strength of structural elements made from thin sheet steel C22E and to decrease its deflection under similar workload, as an alternative to the application of complex geometric shapes, additional strengthening elements, or heat treatment.

This study presents a comparative evaluation of injection-moulded PA12 composites reinforced with AlSi10Mg and 304 SS fillers, with emphasis on microstructure–property correlations linking powder morphology, mechanical performance, thermal stability, and tribological behaviour. Powder characterization revealed distinct morphologies—fine spherical AlSi10Mg particles (D50 ≈ 32 µm) dispersed uniformly in the matrix—while SS particles (D50 ≈ 245 µm) tended to agglomerate, leading to interfacial voids. Tensile testing showed that the elastic modulus of neat PA12 (0.95 GPa) increased by 20% and 28% with 20 wt% AlSi10Mg and SS, respectively. However, tensile strength decreased from 35.04 MPa (PA12) to 32.18 MPa (20 wt% AlSi10Mg) and 31.03 MPa (20 wt% 304 SS), consistent with stress concentrations around particle clusters. Hardness values remained nearly unchanged at 96–98 Shore D across all composites. Thermal analysis indicated that AlSi10Mg promoted crystallization, increasing crystallinity from 31% (PA12) to 34% and raising Tm by 2 °C. In contrast, 304 SS reduced crystallinity to 28% but significantly improved thermal stability, shifting Tonset from 405 °C (PA12) to 426 °C at 20 wt%. Tribological tests demonstrated substantial improvements: the coefficient of friction decreased from 0.42 (PA12) to 0.34 (AlSi10Mg) and 0.29 (304 SS), while wear rates dropped by 40% and 55%, respectively. SEM confirmed smoother worn surfaces in AlSi10Mg composites and abrasive grooves in 304 SS composites. The findings show that AlSi10Mg is advantageous for smoother surfaces and improved crystallinity, while SS enhances stiffness, wear resistance, and thermal endurance, providing design guidelines for PA12 composites in aerospace, automotive, and engineering applications.

This paper is devoted to investigating numerically, by finite element analysis (FEA), and analytically the influences and effects of laser processing of the surface of thin-plate, low-carbon structural steel. The plate mechanical properties—axial and flexural stiffnesses, force-deflection behavior and cross-section force-strain behavior—are investigated after different laser treatments. An analytical methodology of the estimation of the cross-section area of the laser-processed metal is also proposed in the present article, that can be applied to choosing the reasonable distance between the centers of the laser-processed tracks. The methodology takes into account the width of the laser-processed tracks and the distances between these tracks. The experimental, finite element numerical and analytical analyses showed that the laser treatments of the surface of the steel plate increase the yield point of the laser-processed metal and the axial and flexural stiffnesses of the plate.

This paper describes the development of new metal-processing technologies that enable the control and improvement of the microstructure and properties of metals. This study investigates the impact of one such technology, laser treatment, on the surface of a thin sheet of non-alloy structural steel. This research aims to address a crucial challenge in expanding the industrial applications of thin-sheet steel products by developing a laser processing technology to create structural strengthening ribs, which can significantly influence the overall strength and stiffness of metal components.

This research investigates the mitigation of hydrogen embrittlement in steel, focusing on the effects of metallurgical hydrogen and the efficacy of various reduction techniques. Key findings demonstrate that vacuum treatment during steel casting combined with thermal treatment significantly lowers hydrogen content, enhancing steel's resistance to embrittlement. Welding processes differ in susceptibility to hydrogen-induced cracking, with submerged arc welding (SAW) showing the least and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) the most susceptibility. Employing multipass welding, along with preheating and post-weld heat treatments, effectively minimizes hydrogen-related cracking by promoting even hydrogen distribution and desorption. The study highlights the successful application of fluoride-ion-containing welding fluxes, such as CaF2 and KF, to reduce weld hydrogen levels through chemical reactions. Furthermore, the choice of welding parameters, particularly the arc voltage, substantially impacts the hydrogen concentration in the welds. Additionally, the incorporation of hydrogen-binding elements such as yttrium significantly reduces the level of free hydrogen, thereby enhancing resistance to hydrogen corrosion. The research underlines the need for selecting appropriate welding methods and parameters to effectively reduce the adverse effects on welded joints. In conclusion, optimizing vacuum and thermal treatments, along with developing innovative welding materials, is imperative to control hydrogen content, crucial to the longevity and reliability of steel products in hydrogen-sensitive applications such as the oil and gas sector.

The aim of this study was to develop a new manufacturing process for bimetallic materials by combining laser treatment with traditional casting methods. This process involves laser-treating nickel alloy-grade UNS 6230 plates to create a regular macro-relief on their surface. These treated plates are then placed in a sand mold, and molten non-alloy steel (S235JRG2) is poured into the mold to create bimetallic layered castings. The experimental procedure focuses on optimizing the melt-to-solid phase ratios and pouring temperatures to achieve a uniform microstructure and strong mechanical properties in the bimetals. The produced bimetallic castings are suitable for applications in the oil refining and chemical industries and heavy machinery sector. The quantitative results indicate that the optimized process parameters lead to a high-quality transition zone with minimal defects, characterized by the diffusion of alloying elements from the nickel alloy to the steel. The microstructure, chemical, and phase compositions were evaluated using XRD and SEM with EDS, confirming the formation of a robust metallurgical bond. Key findings include a significant improvement in the hardness and strength of the transition layer, with the optimal pouring temperature being 1600 °C. The resulting bimetallic materials demonstrate an improved performance in demanding industrial environments.