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Giulio Siracusano
Department of Electric, Electronic and computer Engineering, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy

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Short Biography

I'm a Data Scientist who is specialized in Digital Signal Processing. I've a Ph.D in numerical modeling and a Msc in Electronics Engineering. More than 60 articles published across 10+ years of career in R&D. In the past, I was researcher for the University of Catania.

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Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Sustainability
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COVID-19 is a new pulmonary disease which is driving stress to the hospitals due to the large number of cases worldwide. Imaging of lungs can play a key role in the monitoring of health status. Non-contrast chest computed tomography (CT) has been used for this purpose, mainly in China, with significant success. However, this approach cannot be massively used, mainly for both high risk and cost, also in some countries, this tool is not extensively available. Alternatively, chest X-ray, although less sensitive than CT-scan, can provide important information about the evolution of pulmonary involvement during the disease; this aspect is very important to verify the response of a patient to treatments. Here, we show how to improve the sensitivity of chest X-ray via a nonlinear post-processing tool, named PACE (Pipeline for Advanced Contrast Enhancement), combining properly Fast and Adaptive Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition (FABEMD) and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). The results show an enhancement of the image contrast as confirmed by three widely used metrics: (i) contrast improvement index, (ii) entropy, and (iii) measure of enhancement. This improvement gives rise to a detectability of more lung lesions as identified by two radiologists, who evaluated the images separately, and confirmed by CT-scans. The results show this method is a flexible and an effective approach for medical image enhancement and can be used as a post-processing tool for medical image understanding and analysis.

ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Michele Gaeta; Giuseppe Cicero; Massimo Chiappini; Giovanni Finocchio. Pipeline for Advanced Contrast Enhancement (PACE) of Chest X-Ray in Evaluating COVID-19 Patients by Combining Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). Sustainability 2020, 12, 8573 .

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Aurelio La Corte, Michele Gaeta, Giuseppe Cicero, Massimo Chiappini, Giovanni Finocchio. Pipeline for Advanced Contrast Enhancement (PACE) of Chest X-Ray in Evaluating COVID-19 Patients by Combining Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8573.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Michele Gaeta; Giuseppe Cicero; Massimo Chiappini; Giovanni Finocchio. 2020. "Pipeline for Advanced Contrast Enhancement (PACE) of Chest X-Ray in Evaluating COVID-19 Patients by Combining Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE)." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8573.

Other
Published: 17 April 2020
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BackgroundCT is a very sensitive technique to detect pneumonia in COVID-19 patients. However, it is impaired by high costs, logistic issues and high risk of exposure.Chest x-ray (CXR) is a low-cost, low-risk, not time consuming technique and is emerging as the recommended imaging modality to use in COVID-19 pandemic.This technique, although less sensitive than CT-scan, can provide useful information about pulmonary involvement.PurposeTo describe chest x-ray features of COVID-19 pneumonia and to evaluate the sensitivity of this technique in detecting pneumonia. A further scope is to assess the effectiveness of a post-processing algorithm in improving lung lesions detectability.Materials and Methods72 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 underwent bedside chest X-ray.Two radiologists were asked to express their opinion about: (i) presence of pneumonia (negative or positive); (ii) localization (unilateral or bilateral); (iii) topography (according to pulmonary fields); (iv) density (non consolidative ground-glass or inhomogeneous opacities; consolidative nodular-type or triangular; mixed consolidative e non-consolidative); and (v) presence of pleural effusion. The point (i) was evaluated separately, while the other points in consensus.A quality assessment of post-processed x-ray images was performed by two different readers.ResultsThe agreement about presence of pneumonia was almost perfect with K value of 0.933 and p < 0.001.Sensitivity was 69%.The following findings were seen: unilateral lung involvement in 50%; lower lung lesions in 54%; peripheral distribution in 48%; and non-consolidative pattern in 44%.Post-processed images improved the detection of lesions in 7 out 72 patients (≅10%)ConclusionCXR owns a good sensitivity in detecting COVID-19 lung involvement. Use of post-processing algorithm can improve detection of lesions. Our data support recommendations of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) to consider chest x-ray as first step imaging examination in Covid-19 patients.SUMMARYBedside CXR has a good sensitivity in evaluating COVID-19 lung involvement in hospitalized patients and should be considered as the first step imaging technique according to RSNA recommendations.KEY RESULTSBedside CXR has a good sensitivity in evaluating COVID-19 lung involvement in non-early clinical cases.The most common findings of lung involvement were slight different from the well-described CT-ones, with less common patterns of bilateral and peripheral distribution.Post-processing algorithm enhances detection of pulmonary lesions.

ACS Style

Michele Gaeta; Giuseppe Cicero; Maria Adele Marino; Tommaso D’Angelo; Enrico Maria Mormina; Silvio Mazziotti; Alfredo Blandino; Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Massimo Chiappini; Giovanni Finocchio. EFFECTIVENESS OF BASELINE AND POST-PROCESSED CHEST X-RAY IN NONEARLY COVID-19 PATIENTS. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Michele Gaeta, Giuseppe Cicero, Maria Adele Marino, Tommaso D’Angelo, Enrico Maria Mormina, Silvio Mazziotti, Alfredo Blandino, Giulio Siracusano, Aurelio La Corte, Massimo Chiappini, Giovanni Finocchio. EFFECTIVENESS OF BASELINE AND POST-PROCESSED CHEST X-RAY IN NONEARLY COVID-19 PATIENTS. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michele Gaeta; Giuseppe Cicero; Maria Adele Marino; Tommaso D’Angelo; Enrico Maria Mormina; Silvio Mazziotti; Alfredo Blandino; Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Massimo Chiappini; Giovanni Finocchio. 2020. "EFFECTIVENESS OF BASELINE AND POST-PROCESSED CHEST X-RAY IN NONEARLY COVID-19 PATIENTS." , no. : 1.

Article
Published: 17 December 2018 in Physical Review B
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The understanding of the dynamical properties of skyrmions is a fundamental aspect for the realization of a competitive skyrmion based technology beyond complementary metal-oxide semiconductors. Most of the theoretical approaches are based on the approximation of a rigid skyrmion. However, thermal fluctuations can drive a continuous change of the skyrmion size via the excitation of thermal modes. Here, by taking advantage of the Hilbert-Huang transform, we demonstrate that at least two thermal modes can be excited which are nonstationary in time. In addition, one limit of the rigid skyrmion approximation is that this hypothesis does not allow for correctly describing the recent experimental evidence of skyrmion Hall angle dependence on the amplitude of the driving force, which is proportional to the injected current. In this paper, we show that, in an ideal sample, the combined effect of fieldlike and dampinglike torques on a breathing skyrmion can indeed give rise to such a current dependent skyrmion Hall angle. While here we design and control the breathing mode of the skyrmion, our results can be linked to the experiments by considering that the thermal fluctuations and/or disorder can excite the breathing mode. We also develop a generalized Thiele equation and propose an experiment to validate our findings.

ACS Style

Riccardo Tomasello; Anna Giordano; Stefano Chiappini; Roberto Zivieri; Giulio Siracusano; Vito Puliafito; Israa Medlej; Aurelio La Corte; Bruno Azzerboni; Mario Carpentieri; Zhongming Zeng; Giovanni Finocchio. Micromagnetic understanding of the skyrmion Hall angle current dependence in perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnets. Physical Review B 2018, 98, 224418 .

AMA Style

Riccardo Tomasello, Anna Giordano, Stefano Chiappini, Roberto Zivieri, Giulio Siracusano, Vito Puliafito, Israa Medlej, Aurelio La Corte, Bruno Azzerboni, Mario Carpentieri, Zhongming Zeng, Giovanni Finocchio. Micromagnetic understanding of the skyrmion Hall angle current dependence in perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnets. Physical Review B. 2018; 98 (22):224418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riccardo Tomasello; Anna Giordano; Stefano Chiappini; Roberto Zivieri; Giulio Siracusano; Vito Puliafito; Israa Medlej; Aurelio La Corte; Bruno Azzerboni; Mario Carpentieri; Zhongming Zeng; Giovanni Finocchio. 2018. "Micromagnetic understanding of the skyrmion Hall angle current dependence in perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnets." Physical Review B 98, no. 22: 224418.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2018 in Scientific Reports
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Recently discovered exotic magnetic configurations, namely magnetic solitons appearing in the presence of bulk or interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (i-DMI), have excited scientists to explore their potential applications in emerging spintronic technologies such as race-track magnetic memory, spin logic, radio frequency nano-oscillators and sensors. Such studies are motivated by their foreseeable advantages over conventional micro-magnetic structures due to their small size, topological stability and easy spin-torque driven manipulation with much lower threshold current densities giving way to improved storage capacity, and faster operation with efficient use of energy. In this work, we show that in the presence of i-DMI in Pt/CoFeB/Ti multilayers by tuning the magnetic anisotropy (both in-plane and perpendicular-to-plane) via interface engineering and postproduction treatments, we can stabilize a variety of magnetic configurations such as Néel skyrmions, horseshoes and most importantly, the recently predicted isolated radial vortices at room temperature and under zero bias field. Especially, the radial vortex state with its absolute convergence to or divergence from a single point can potentially offer exciting new applications such as particle trapping/detrapping in addition to magnetoresistive memories with efficient switching, where the radial vortex state can act as a source of spin-polarized current with radial polarization.

ACS Style

Vedat Karakaş; Aisha Gokce; Ali Taha Habiboglu; Sevdenur Arpaci; Kaan Ozbozduman; Ibrahim Cinar; Cenk Yanik; Riccardo Tomasello; Silvia Tacchi; Giulio Siracusano; Mario Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio; Thomas Hauet; Ozhan Ozatay. Observation of Magnetic Radial Vortex Nucleation in a Multilayer Stack with Tunable Anisotropy. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 7180 .

AMA Style

Vedat Karakaş, Aisha Gokce, Ali Taha Habiboglu, Sevdenur Arpaci, Kaan Ozbozduman, Ibrahim Cinar, Cenk Yanik, Riccardo Tomasello, Silvia Tacchi, Giulio Siracusano, Mario Carpentieri, Giovanni Finocchio, Thomas Hauet, Ozhan Ozatay. Observation of Magnetic Radial Vortex Nucleation in a Multilayer Stack with Tunable Anisotropy. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):7180.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vedat Karakaş; Aisha Gokce; Ali Taha Habiboglu; Sevdenur Arpaci; Kaan Ozbozduman; Ibrahim Cinar; Cenk Yanik; Riccardo Tomasello; Silvia Tacchi; Giulio Siracusano; Mario Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio; Thomas Hauet; Ozhan Ozatay. 2018. "Observation of Magnetic Radial Vortex Nucleation in a Multilayer Stack with Tunable Anisotropy." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 7180.

Journal article
Published: 02 March 2018 in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
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The realistic modeling of spin-transfer torque (STT)-magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) for the simulations of hybrid CMOS/Spintronics devices in comprehensive simulation environments requires a full description of stochastic switching processes in the state-of-the-art STT-MRAMs. Here, we compare micromagnetic simulations with an analytical formulation that takes into account the spin-torque asymmetry of the spin-polarization function by considering the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. We find that, while the first and second statistical moments exhibit a very similar behavior, skewness and kurtosis are substantially different and must be taken into account in order to provide an accurate prediction of the switching performance. In fact, a reasonable fit of the probability density function (PDF) of the switching time is given by a Pearson Type IV PDF. The main achievements of this paper underline the need of data-driven design of STT-MRAM that uses a full micromagnetic simulation framework for the statistical proprieties PDF of switching processes.

ACS Style

G. Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; M. D'aquino; V. Puliafito; Anna Giordano; B. Azzerboni; P. Braganca; G. Finocchio; M. Carpentieri. Description of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular STT-MRAM Within an Analytical and Numerical Micromagnetic Framework. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 2018, 54, 1 -10.

AMA Style

G. Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, M. D'aquino, V. Puliafito, Anna Giordano, B. Azzerboni, P. Braganca, G. Finocchio, M. Carpentieri. Description of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular STT-MRAM Within an Analytical and Numerical Micromagnetic Framework. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 2018; 54 (5):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; M. D'aquino; V. Puliafito; Anna Giordano; B. Azzerboni; P. Braganca; G. Finocchio; M. Carpentieri. 2018. "Description of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular STT-MRAM Within an Analytical and Numerical Micromagnetic Framework." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 54, no. 5: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 15 February 2018 in IEEE Magnetics Letters
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The recent technological realization of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with two reference layers has opened a new route for scaling the overall size of spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory. This is because, for an antiparallel configuration of the magnetization of the reference layers, the two spin-transfer torques add constructively, giving rise to more efficient switching processes of the free layer magnetization as compared to a single MTJ. We use full micromagnetic simulations to study the magnetization switching of a double MTJ. The probability distribution function (PDF) of the switching time is the same for both switching processes (parallel to antiparallel and vice versa), and the PDF approaches a Gaussian shape for switching time smaller than 1 ns. The dynamical performance (achieved for switching time below 1 ns) of double MTJs with circular shape and diameter ranging from 30 to 14 nm is comparable. Compared to full micromagnetic data, computations of the PDF within the macrospin approximation show an overestimation of the skewness for MTJ with circular shape and diameter of 30 and 20 nm, whereas they are very close for 14 nm diameter, as expected. The proper micromagnetic model and a PDF comparison can drive the design of hybrid magnetic-CMOS systems.

ACS Style

Mario Carpentieri; Riccardo Tomasello; Silvano Vergura; Francesca Garesci; Giulio Siracusano; Massimiliano D'aquino; Giovanni Finocchio. Micromagnetic Analysis of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junctions With Double Reference Layers. IEEE Magnetics Letters 2018, 9, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Mario Carpentieri, Riccardo Tomasello, Silvano Vergura, Francesca Garesci, Giulio Siracusano, Massimiliano D'aquino, Giovanni Finocchio. Micromagnetic Analysis of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junctions With Double Reference Layers. IEEE Magnetics Letters. 2018; 9 ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mario Carpentieri; Riccardo Tomasello; Silvano Vergura; Francesca Garesci; Giulio Siracusano; Massimiliano D'aquino; Giovanni Finocchio. 2018. "Micromagnetic Analysis of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junctions With Double Reference Layers." IEEE Magnetics Letters 9, no. : 1-5.

Validation study
Published: 01 January 2018 in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Multi-echo Chemical Shift-Encoded (CSE) methods for Fat-Water quantification are growing in clinical use due to their ability to estimate and correct some confounding effects. State of the art CSE water/fat separation approaches rely on a multi-peak fat spectrum with peak frequencies and relative amplitudes kept constant over the entire MRI dataset. However, the latter approximation introduces a systematic error in fat percentage quantification in patients where the differences in lipid chemical composition are significant (such as for neuromuscular disorders) because of the spatial dependence of the peak amplitudes. The present work aims to overcome this limitation by taking advantage of an unsupervised clusterization-based approach offering a reliable criterion to carry out a data-driven segmentation of the input MRI dataset into multiple regions. Results established that the presented algorithm is able to identify at least 4 different partitions from MRI dataset under which to perform independent self-calibration routines and was found robust in NMD imaging studies (as evaluated on a cohort of 24 subjects) against latest CSE techniques with either calibrated or non-calibrated approaches. Particularly, the PDFF of the thigh was more reproducible for the quantitative estimation of pathological muscular fat infiltrations, which may be promising to evaluate disease progression in clinical practice.

ACS Style

G. Siracusano; A. La Corte; M. Gaeta; G. Finocchio. A data-oriented self-calibration and robust chemical-shift encoding by using clusterization (OSCAR): Theory, optimization and clinical validation in neuromuscular disorders. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2018, 45, 84 -96.

AMA Style

G. Siracusano, A. La Corte, M. Gaeta, G. Finocchio. A data-oriented self-calibration and robust chemical-shift encoding by using clusterization (OSCAR): Theory, optimization and clinical validation in neuromuscular disorders. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 2018; 45 ():84-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Siracusano; A. La Corte; M. Gaeta; G. Finocchio. 2018. "A data-oriented self-calibration and robust chemical-shift encoding by using clusterization (OSCAR): Theory, optimization and clinical validation in neuromuscular disorders." Magnetic Resonance Imaging 45, no. : 84-96.

Journal article
Published: 31 October 2017 in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
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In this paper, a variation-aware simulation framework for hybrid circuits comprising MOS transistors and magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices is presented. The framework is based on one-time characterization via micromagnetic multi-domain simulations, overcoming the inaccuracies introduced by single-domain analysis, which most of the existing frameworks are based on. As further distinctive capability, non-Gaussian stochastic variations of the MTJ write switching time are explicitly modeled through a Skew Normal distribution, making the model suitable for low-power and low-voltage designs. The framework involves the use of a Verilog-A look-up table-based model, which assures easy integration with commercial design tools. Our strategy is evaluated on a spin-transfer torque-magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) working in RAM and true random number generator (TRNG) modes. In RAM mode, while the commonly-used approach based on Gaussian-distributed switching statistics tends to underestimate the pulse width required for a write error rate of 10⁻⁶ by about 20%, our Skew Normal-based strategy allows tracking reference micromagnetic results with an average error less than 4%. In TRNG mode, our approach also allows a better tracking of the reference 50%-switching probability contour with an error less than 1%. However, the incorporation of the Skew Normal distribution in our Verilog-A model results in an increase of the CPU time by 50% on average as compared with the use of the built-in statistical functions.

ACS Style

Raffaele De Rose; Marco Lanuzza; Felice Crupi; Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri; Massimo Alioto. A Variation-Aware Timing Modeling Approach for Write Operation in Hybrid CMOS/STT-MTJ Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 2017, 65, 1086 -1095.

AMA Style

Raffaele De Rose, Marco Lanuzza, Felice Crupi, Giulio Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, Giovanni Finocchio, Mario Carpentieri, Massimo Alioto. A Variation-Aware Timing Modeling Approach for Write Operation in Hybrid CMOS/STT-MTJ Circuits. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. 2017; 65 (3):1086-1095.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raffaele De Rose; Marco Lanuzza; Felice Crupi; Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri; Massimo Alioto. 2017. "A Variation-Aware Timing Modeling Approach for Write Operation in Hybrid CMOS/STT-MTJ Circuits." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 65, no. 3: 1086-1095.

Preprint
Published: 09 September 2017
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Recently discovered exotic magnetic configurations, namely magnetic solitons appearing in the presence of bulk or interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction (i-DMI), have excited scientists to explore their potential applications in emerging spintronic technologies such as race-track magnetic memory, spin logic, radio frequency nano-oscillators and sensors. Such studies are motivated by their foreseeable advantages over conventional micro-magnetic structures due to their small size, topological stability and easy spin-torque driven manipulation with much lower threshold current densities giving way to improved storage capacity, and faster operation with efficient use of energy. In this work, we show that in the presence of i-DMI in Pt/CoFeB/Ti multilayers by tuning the magnetic anisotropy (both in-plane and perpendicular-to-plane) via interface engineering and postproduction treatments, we can stabilize a variety of magnetic configurations such as N\'eel skyrmions, horseshoes and most importantly for the first time, the recently predicted isolated radial vortices at room temperature and under zero bias field. Especially, the radial vortex state with its absolute convergence to or divergence from a single point can potentially offer exciting new applications such as particle trapping/detrapping in addition to magnetoresistive memories with efficient switching, where the radial vortex state can act as a source of spin-polarized current with radial polarization.

ACS Style

Vedat Karakaş; Aisha Gokce; Ali Taha Habiboglu; Sevdenur Arpaci; Kaan Ozbozduman; Ibrahim Cinar; Cenk Yanık; Riccardo Tomasello; Silvia Tacchi; Giulio Siracusano; Mario Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio; Thomas Hauet; Ozhan Ozatay. Observation of Magnetic Radial Vortex Nucleation in a Multilayer Stack with Tunable Anisotropy. 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Vedat Karakaş, Aisha Gokce, Ali Taha Habiboglu, Sevdenur Arpaci, Kaan Ozbozduman, Ibrahim Cinar, Cenk Yanık, Riccardo Tomasello, Silvia Tacchi, Giulio Siracusano, Mario Carpentieri, Giovanni Finocchio, Thomas Hauet, Ozhan Ozatay. Observation of Magnetic Radial Vortex Nucleation in a Multilayer Stack with Tunable Anisotropy. . 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vedat Karakaş; Aisha Gokce; Ali Taha Habiboglu; Sevdenur Arpaci; Kaan Ozbozduman; Ibrahim Cinar; Cenk Yanık; Riccardo Tomasello; Silvia Tacchi; Giulio Siracusano; Mario Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio; Thomas Hauet; Ozhan Ozatay. 2017. "Observation of Magnetic Radial Vortex Nucleation in a Multilayer Stack with Tunable Anisotropy." , no. : 1.

Preprint
Published: 14 June 2017
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Multi-echo Chemical Shift Encoded methods for Fat-Water quantification are growing in clinical use due to their ability to estimate and correct some confounding effects. State of the art CSE water-fat separation approaches rely on a multi-peak fat spectrum with peak frequencies and relative amplitudes kept constant over the entire MRI dataset. However, the latter approximation introduces a systematic error in fat percentage quantification in patients where the differences in lipid chemical composition are significant, such as for neuromuscular disorders, because of the spatial dependence of the peak amplitudes. The present work aims to overcome this limitation by taking advantage of an unsupervised clusterization-based approach offering a reliable criterion to carry out a data-driven segmentation of the input MRI dataset into multiple regions. The idea is to apply the clusterization for partitioning the multi-echo MRI dataset into a finite number of clusters whose internal voxels exhibit similar distance metrics. For each cluster, the estimation of the fat spectral properties are evaluated with a self-calibration technique and finally the fat-water percentages are computed via a non-linear fitting. The method is tested in ad-hoc and public datasets. The overall performance and results in terms of fitting accuracy, robustness and reproducibility are compared with other state-of-the-art CSE algorithms. This approach provides a more accurate and reproducible identification of chemical species, hence fat-water separation, when compared with other calibrated and non-calibrated approaches.

ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Michele Gaeta; Giovanni Finocchio. A data-Oriented based Self-Calibration And Robust chemical-shift encoding by using clusterization (OSCAR) - Theory, Optimization and Clinical Validation in Neuromuscular disorders. 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Aurelio La Corte, Michele Gaeta, Giovanni Finocchio. A data-Oriented based Self-Calibration And Robust chemical-shift encoding by using clusterization (OSCAR) - Theory, Optimization and Clinical Validation in Neuromuscular disorders. . 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Michele Gaeta; Giovanni Finocchio. 2017. "A data-Oriented based Self-Calibration And Robust chemical-shift encoding by using clusterization (OSCAR) - Theory, Optimization and Clinical Validation in Neuromuscular disorders." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 25 May 2017 in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
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The technological implementation of STT-MRAMs in real devices needs a complete description of the statistical switching behavior at room temperature. In this work, we investigate, by means of a full micromagnetic model, the effect of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction (IDMI) on the critical current density and probability density function (PDF) of the switching time in perpendicular STT-MRAMs. We show that, for large enough values of the symmetric exchange interaction, the negative effect of the IDMI on the critical current is strongly reduced. In addition, a comprehensive analysis of the four main statistical moments (mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis) points out that to fit the switching time PDF in order to maintain a quadratic error at least one order of magnitude smaller than Skew Normal PDF, a Pearson Type IV PDF has to be used also in presence of the IDMI.

ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Vito Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Bruno Azzerboni; Aurelio La Corte; Pietro Burrascano; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri. Micromagnetic Analysis of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular STT-MRAM With Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 2017, 53, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, Vito Puliafito, Anna Giordano, Bruno Azzerboni, Aurelio La Corte, Pietro Burrascano, Giovanni Finocchio, Mario Carpentieri. Micromagnetic Analysis of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular STT-MRAM With Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. 2017; 53 (11):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Vito Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Bruno Azzerboni; Aurelio La Corte; Pietro Burrascano; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri. 2017. "Micromagnetic Analysis of Statistical Switching in Perpendicular STT-MRAM With Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 53, no. 11: 1-5.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 May 2017 in 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)
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In this paper, a variation-aware simulation framework is introduced for hybrid circuits comprising MOS transistors and spintronic devices (e.g., magnetic tunnel junction-MTJ). The simulation framework is based on one-time characterization via micromagnetic multi-domain simulations, as opposed to most of existing frameworks based on single-domain analysis. As further distinctive capability, stochastic variations of the MTJ switching are explicitly incorporated through a Skew Normal distribution, which is adjusted to fit micromagnetic simulations. The framework is implemented in the form of Verilog-A look-up table based model, which assures easy integration with commercial circuit design tools, and very low computational effort. The framework is applied to non-volatile Flip-FIops as case study with 10,000 Monte Carlo runs.

ACS Style

Raffaele De Rose; Marco Lanuzza; Felice Crupi; Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri; Massimo Alioto. A variation-aware simulation framework for hybrid CMOS/spintronic circuits. 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) 2017, 1 -4.

AMA Style

Raffaele De Rose, Marco Lanuzza, Felice Crupi, Giulio Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, Giovanni Finocchio, Mario Carpentieri, Massimo Alioto. A variation-aware simulation framework for hybrid CMOS/spintronic circuits. 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS). 2017; ():1-4.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raffaele De Rose; Marco Lanuzza; Felice Crupi; Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri; Massimo Alioto. 2017. "A variation-aware simulation framework for hybrid CMOS/spintronic circuits." 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) , no. : 1-4.

Preprint
Published: 24 February 2017
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The realistic modeling of STT-MRAM for the simulations of hybrid CMOS/Spintronics devices in comprehensive simulation environments require a full description of stochastic switching processes in state of the art STT-MRAM. Here, we derive an analytical formulation that takes into account the spin-torque asymmetry of the spin polarization function of magnetic tunnel junctions studying. We studied its validity range by comparing the analytical formulas with results achieved numerically within a full micromagnetic framework. We also find that a reasonable fit of the probability density function (PDF) of the switching time is given by a Pearson Type IV PDF. The main results of this work underlines the need of data-driven design of STT-MRAM that uses a full micromagnetic simulation framework for the statistical proprieties PDF of switching processes.

ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Massimiliano D'aquino; Vito Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Bruno Azzerboni; Pat Braganca; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri. Description of statistical switching in perpendicular STT-MRAM within an analytical and numerical micromagnetic framework. 2017, 1 .

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, Massimiliano D'aquino, Vito Puliafito, Anna Giordano, Bruno Azzerboni, Pat Braganca, Giovanni Finocchio, Mario Carpentieri. Description of statistical switching in perpendicular STT-MRAM within an analytical and numerical micromagnetic framework. . 2017; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Massimiliano D'aquino; Vito Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Bruno Azzerboni; Pat Braganca; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri. 2017. "Description of statistical switching in perpendicular STT-MRAM within an analytical and numerical micromagnetic framework." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Investigation of the feasibility of the R2(⁎) mapping techniques by using latest theoretical models corrected for confounding factors and optimized for signal to noise ratio.

ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Carmelo Milazzo; Giuseppe Pio Anastasi; Giovanni Finocchio; Michele Gaeta. On the R 2 ⁎ relaxometry in complex multi-peak multi-Echo chemical shift-based water-fat quantification: Applications to the neuromuscular diseases. Magnetic Resonance Imaging 2017, 35, 4 -14.

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Aurelio La Corte, Carmelo Milazzo, Giuseppe Pio Anastasi, Giovanni Finocchio, Michele Gaeta. On the R 2 ⁎ relaxometry in complex multi-peak multi-Echo chemical shift-based water-fat quantification: Applications to the neuromuscular diseases. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 2017; 35 ():4-14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Aurelio La Corte; Carmelo Milazzo; Giuseppe Pio Anastasi; Giovanni Finocchio; Michele Gaeta. 2017. "On the R 2 ⁎ relaxometry in complex multi-peak multi-Echo chemical shift-based water-fat quantification: Applications to the neuromuscular diseases." Magnetic Resonance Imaging 35, no. : 4-14.

Journal article
Published: 19 December 2016 in IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology
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Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are attracting an increasing interest due to their potentiality for high-density nonvolatile memories. However, some issues need to be opportunely considered in the design and optimization of hybrid MTJ/CMOS circuits, such as the stochastic nature of the MTJ switching, the high write energy consumption and the susceptibility to process variations. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of both MTJ and CMOS variability on the performance of basic hybrid MTJ/CMOS circuits in state-of-the-art nanoscale technologies. To this purpose, we exploit a simulation framework combining micromagnetic and electrical simulations. Full micromagnetic simulations are used to predict the MTJ behavior in terms of magnetoresistance-current hysteresis loop and statistical distribution of the switching delay as a function of the applied current. Those data are used to set up a look-up-table-based MTJ Verilog-A model to be used in commercial electrical simulators. Considering an MTJ with a diameter of 30 nm and a 28-nm fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS technology, we have exploited the above simulation framework to perform a variability-aware analysis on the write operation of a 1-MTJ writing circuit for nonvolatile flip-flops and a 256 × 256 STT-MRAM array. Our results show that the voltage scaling can be a promising approach for energy minimization in hybrid MTJ/CMOS circuits at the expense of larger area.

ACS Style

Raffaele De Rose; Marco Lanuzza; Felice Crupi; Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri. Variability-Aware Analysis of Hybrid MTJ/CMOS Circuits by a Micromagnetic-Based Simulation Framework. IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 2016, 16, 160 -168.

AMA Style

Raffaele De Rose, Marco Lanuzza, Felice Crupi, Giulio Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, Giovanni Finocchio, Mario Carpentieri. Variability-Aware Analysis of Hybrid MTJ/CMOS Circuits by a Micromagnetic-Based Simulation Framework. IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology. 2016; 16 (2):160-168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raffaele De Rose; Marco Lanuzza; Felice Crupi; Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Giovanni Finocchio; Mario Carpentieri. 2016. "Variability-Aware Analysis of Hybrid MTJ/CMOS Circuits by a Micromagnetic-Based Simulation Framework." IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 16, no. 2: 160-168.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing
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ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Francesco Lamonaca; Riccardo Tomasello; Francesca Garescì; Aurelio La Corte; Domenico Luca Carnì; Mario Carpentieri; Domenico Grimaldi; Giovanni Finocchio. A framework for the damage evaluation of acoustic emission signals through Hilbert–Huang transform. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 2016, 75, 109 -122.

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Francesco Lamonaca, Riccardo Tomasello, Francesca Garescì, Aurelio La Corte, Domenico Luca Carnì, Mario Carpentieri, Domenico Grimaldi, Giovanni Finocchio. A framework for the damage evaluation of acoustic emission signals through Hilbert–Huang transform. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. 2016; 75 ():109-122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Francesco Lamonaca; Riccardo Tomasello; Francesca Garescì; Aurelio La Corte; Domenico Luca Carnì; Mario Carpentieri; Domenico Grimaldi; Giovanni Finocchio. 2016. "A framework for the damage evaluation of acoustic emission signals through Hilbert–Huang transform." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 75, no. : 109-122.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2016 in 2016 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)
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ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Mario Carpentieri; Aurelio La Corte; Fabio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Michele Gaeta; Giovanni Finocchio. Numerical methods to achieve robust relaxometry mapping in multi-echo chemical shift-based MRI. 2016 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT) 2016, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Mario Carpentieri, Aurelio La Corte, Fabio Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, Michele Gaeta, Giovanni Finocchio. Numerical methods to achieve robust relaxometry mapping in multi-echo chemical shift-based MRI. 2016 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT). 2016; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Mario Carpentieri; Aurelio La Corte; Fabio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; Michele Gaeta; Giovanni Finocchio. 2016. "Numerical methods to achieve robust relaxometry mapping in multi-echo chemical shift-based MRI." 2016 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT) , no. : 1-6.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2015 in 2015 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT)
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Skyrmions are topologically protected magnetic solitons which are attracting a lot of interest from either a fundamental or a technological point of view. Skyrmions can behave as static objects, being shifted in a racetrack memory or as dynamical solitons, giving rise to topological droplets. This paper points out that a Néel skyrmion based racetrack memory driven by the spin-Hall effect could be a competitive memory architecture, and that, in nano-contact geometry, the spin-transfer torque, together with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, can excite stationary and non-stationary topological droplets.

ACS Style

Riccardo Tomasello; Mario Carpentieri; Vito Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Giulio Siracusano; Bruno Azzerboni; Giovanni Finocchio. Micromagnetic study of skyrmion racetrack and microwave oscillator. 2015 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT) 2015, 1 -4.

AMA Style

Riccardo Tomasello, Mario Carpentieri, Vito Puliafito, Anna Giordano, Giulio Siracusano, Bruno Azzerboni, Giovanni Finocchio. Micromagnetic study of skyrmion racetrack and microwave oscillator. 2015 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT). 2015; ():1-4.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Riccardo Tomasello; Mario Carpentieri; Vito Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Giulio Siracusano; Bruno Azzerboni; Giovanni Finocchio. 2015. "Micromagnetic study of skyrmion racetrack and microwave oscillator." 2015 AEIT International Annual Conference (AEIT) , no. : 1-4.

Journal article
Published: 12 March 2015 in Journal of Applied Physics
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This paper micromagnetically studies the magnetization dynamics driven by the spin-Hall effect in a Platinum/Permalloy bi-layer. For a certain field and current range, the excitation of a uniform mode, characterized by a power with a spatial distribution in the whole ferromagnetic cross section, is observed. We suggest to use the ferromagnet of the bi-layer as basis for the realization of an array of spin-torque oscillators (STOs): the Permalloyferromagnet will act as shared free layer, whereas the spacers and the polarizers are built on top of it. Following this strategy, the frequency of the uniform mode will be the same for the whole device, creating an intrinsic synchronization. The synchronization of an array of parallely connected STOs will allow to increase the output power, as necessary for technological applications.

ACS Style

Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; V. Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Bruno Azzerboni; Aurelio La Corte; M. Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio. Intrinsic synchronization of an array of spin-torque oscillators driven by the spin-Hall effect. Journal of Applied Physics 2015, 117, 17E504 .

AMA Style

Giulio Siracusano, Riccardo Tomasello, V. Puliafito, Anna Giordano, Bruno Azzerboni, Aurelio La Corte, M. Carpentieri, Giovanni Finocchio. Intrinsic synchronization of an array of spin-torque oscillators driven by the spin-Hall effect. Journal of Applied Physics. 2015; 117 (17):17E504.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giulio Siracusano; Riccardo Tomasello; V. Puliafito; Anna Giordano; Bruno Azzerboni; Aurelio La Corte; M. Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio. 2015. "Intrinsic synchronization of an array of spin-torque oscillators driven by the spin-Hall effect." Journal of Applied Physics 117, no. 17: 17E504.

Journal article
Published: 05 February 2015 in Journal of Applied Physics
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We employed micro-focused Brillouin light scattering to study the amplification of the thermal spin wave eigenmodes by means of a pure spin current, generated by the spin-Hall effect, in a transversely magnetized Pt(4 nm)/NiFe(4 nm)/SiO2(5 nm) layered nanowire with lateral dimensions 500 × 2750 nm2. The frequency and the cross section of both the center (fundamental) and the edge spin wave modes have been measured as a function of the intensity of the injected dc electric current. The frequency of both modes exhibits a clear redshift while their cross section is greatly enhanced on increasing the intensity of the injected dc. A threshold-like behavior is observed for a value of the injected dc of 2.8 mA. Interestingly, an additional mode, localized in the central part of the nanowire, appears at higher frequency on increasing the intensity of the injected dc above the threshold value. Micromagnetic simulations were used to quantitatively reproduce the experimental results and to investigate the complex non-linear dynamics induced by the spin-Hall effect, including the modification of the spatial profile of the spin wave modes and the appearance of the extra mode above the threshold.

ACS Style

Marco Madami; G. Gubbiotti; T. Moriyama; K. Tanaka; Giulio Siracusano; M. Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio; S. Tacchi; T. Ono; G. Carlotti. Micro-focused Brillouin light scattering study of the magnetization dynamics driven by Spin Hall effect in a transversely magnetized NiFe nanowire. Journal of Applied Physics 2015, 117, 17D504 .

AMA Style

Marco Madami, G. Gubbiotti, T. Moriyama, K. Tanaka, Giulio Siracusano, M. Carpentieri, Giovanni Finocchio, S. Tacchi, T. Ono, G. Carlotti. Micro-focused Brillouin light scattering study of the magnetization dynamics driven by Spin Hall effect in a transversely magnetized NiFe nanowire. Journal of Applied Physics. 2015; 117 (17):17D504.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Madami; G. Gubbiotti; T. Moriyama; K. Tanaka; Giulio Siracusano; M. Carpentieri; Giovanni Finocchio; S. Tacchi; T. Ono; G. Carlotti. 2015. "Micro-focused Brillouin light scattering study of the magnetization dynamics driven by Spin Hall effect in a transversely magnetized NiFe nanowire." Journal of Applied Physics 117, no. 17: 17D504.