A park-and-ride (P&R) system is a set of facilities where private vehicle users can transfer to public transport to continue their journey. The main advantage of the system is decreasing the congestion in the central business district. This paper aims to analyze the most significant factors related to a Park-and-Ride facility location by adopting a combined model of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Best Worst Method (BWM). The integrated model is applicable for complex problems, which can be structured as a hierarchy with at least one 5 × 5 pairwise comparison matrix (PCM) (or bigger). Applying AHP for at least 5 × 5 PCM may generate inconsistent matrices, which may cause a loss of reliable information. As a solution for this gap, we conducted BWM, which generates more consistent comparisons compared to the AHP approach. Moreover, the model requires fewer comparisons compared to the classic AHP approach. That is the main reason of adopting the AHP-BWM model to evaluate Park-and-Ride facility location factors for a designed two-level hierarchical structure. As a case study, a real-world complex decision-making process was selected to evaluate the Park-and-Ride facility location problem in Cuenca city, Ecuador. The result shows that the application of multi-criteria methods becomes a planning tool for experts when designing a P&R system.

The Park and Ride (P&R) system is a set of facilities available to private vehicle users to transfer to public transportation in order to complete their journey. The location of the facilities is determined by the purpose for which they have been created, for example, to reduce traffic in the central business district (CBD), reduce pollution, or increase the use of public transportation. Thus, a set of six main criteria and 19 sub-criteria are considered that are particularly important for decision-makers about the location of P&R facilities in a city. In order to identify which criteria are relevant, a method belonging to the multiple criteria decision is needed. The central point of this study is to evaluate the problem of the location of the facilities of the P&R system according to the point of view of the experts. For this aim, the Best Worst Method (BWM) is adopted to estimate the location of the facilities of the P&R system. The questionnaire survey has been designed estimated by ten transport experts in the related field. The recently created BWM was conducted. The results highlighted that “accessibility of public transportation” is the most important aspect of the problem of the location of P&R facilities. The results obtained provide greater accuracy in the location of facilities problem than the pure analytic hierarchy process method (AHP).

The park-and-ride (P&R) system is crucial for urban development and mobility as its strategic location helps to reduce congestion, reduce pollution, and encourage the use of public transport. Various methods have been proposed to determine its optimal location, ranging from algorithms and mathematical equations to multi-criteria approaches that consider a set of criteria and sub-criteria. Multi-criteria methods are diverse, and it is essential to know which methods have been applied to the optimal location of a P&R system. This study addresses the existing gaps in multi-criteria methods used in the localization of a P&R system through a systematic review based on the PRISMA protocol, examining 25 articles published between 2014 and 2024 in Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS). The results highlight that the multi-criteria AHP method is the most relevant and widely used. The criterion of accessibility to public transport is the most important criterion for setting up a P&R system in an urban environment. The flexibility of the multi-criteria AHP method, combined with other factors, makes it relevant in the process of P&R locations. However, the multi-criteria methods found in this research show that a wide range of multi-criteria methods have not yet been applied. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive systems that combine multiple multi-criteria methods, which is essential to optimize mobility solutions adapted to the specific characteristics and objectives of each city in establishing a P&R system.

La necesidad inicial del ser humano de ubicar sus asentamientos cerca del mar como fuente de alimentación y vía de comunicación dio como resultado el origen de los puertos. Esta necesidad, conjuntamente con el desarrollo de su capacidad racional e intelectual, permitió la construcción de las primeras embarcaciones que facilitaron inicialmente alejarse de las costas y con el paso del tiempo llegar a otras regiones, lo que permitió el surgimiento del transporte marítimo. En este contexto, en el Ecuador existen alrededor de 4 puertos comerciales, siendo uno de los más importantes el Puerto de Aguas Profundas de Manta; por lo que, el objetivo de este estudio fue conocer si, la licitación del puerto de Manta favorecerá al desarrollo comercial y económico de la provincia de Manabí, partiendo de datos levantados antes de dicho proceso; para lo cual se utilizó la metodología de investigación descriptiva, inductivo y mediante la observación que permitieron obtener datos en el año 2015 de la realidad administrativa de dicho puerto; dando como resultado principal la necesidad de integrar a los actores sociales involucrados en este proceso de concesión, se puede concluir que las autoridades correspondientes deben priorizar la construcción de la infraestructura vial complementaria para la adecuada utilización del puerto de aguas profundas de Manta.

Desde la aparición del automóvil este se ha convertido en el medio transporte imprescindible para la sociedad actual, mostrando con el pasar del tiempo un acelerado crecimiento de la población vehicular y por consiguiente los efectos negativos que este medio transporte provocan en el medio ambiente, el entorno de las ciudades y espacios públicos con alta afluencia de personas. Estos problemas han sido motivo de diferentes estudios que han determinado estrategias para reducir los efectos que provoca este fenómeno. Una de las principales estrategias utilizada es la gestión de estacionamientos la cual resulta imprescindible por su relación directa con este medio de transporte. La presente investigación muestra la problemática del estacionamiento en el campus de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo en Ecuador analizando el entorno, las instalaciones que posee, las zonas más conflictivas, la demanda de estacionamiento, para dar soluciones que mejoren la movilidad e imagen al interior del campus