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An alternative vaccine design approach and diagnostic kits are highly required against the anticipated pandemicity caused by the South African Territories type 2 (SAT2) Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV). However, the distinct antigenicity and immunogenicity of VP1, VP0, and VP3 of FMDV serotype SAT2 are poorly understood. Similarly, the particular roles of the three structural proteins in novel vaccine design and development remain unexplained. We therefore constructed VP1, VP0, and VP3 encoding gene (SAT2:JX014256 strain) separately fused with His-SUMO (histidine-small ubiquitin-related modifier) inserted into pET-32a cassette to express the three recombinant proteins and separately evaluated their antigenicity and immunogenicity in mice. The fusion protein was successfully expressed and purified by the Ni-NTA resin chromatography. The level of serum antibody, spleen lymphocyte proliferation, and cytokines against the three distinct recombinant proteins were analyzed. Results showed that the anti-FMDV humoral response was triggered by these proteins, and the fusion proteins did enhance the splenocyte immune response in the separately immunized mice. We observed low variations among the three fusion proteins in terms of the antibody and cytokine production in mice. Hence, in this study, results demonstrated that the structural proteins of SAT2 FMDV could be used for the development of immunodiagnostic kits and subunit vaccine designs.
Guoxiu Li; Ashenafi Wubshet; Yaozhong Ding; Qian Li; Junfei Dai; Yang Wang; Qian Hou; Jiao Chen; Bing Ma; Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Susan Szathmary; Yongguang Zhang; Jie Zhang. Antigenicity and Immunogenicity Analysis of the E. coli Expressed FMDV Structural Proteins; VP1, VP0, VP3 of the South African Territories Type 2 Virus. Viruses 2021, 13, 1005 .
AMA StyleGuoxiu Li, Ashenafi Wubshet, Yaozhong Ding, Qian Li, Junfei Dai, Yang Wang, Qian Hou, Jiao Chen, Bing Ma, Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz, Susan Szathmary, Yongguang Zhang, Jie Zhang. Antigenicity and Immunogenicity Analysis of the E. coli Expressed FMDV Structural Proteins; VP1, VP0, VP3 of the South African Territories Type 2 Virus. Viruses. 2021; 13 (6):1005.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuoxiu Li; Ashenafi Wubshet; Yaozhong Ding; Qian Li; Junfei Dai; Yang Wang; Qian Hou; Jiao Chen; Bing Ma; Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Susan Szathmary; Yongguang Zhang; Jie Zhang. 2021. "Antigenicity and Immunogenicity Analysis of the E. coli Expressed FMDV Structural Proteins; VP1, VP0, VP3 of the South African Territories Type 2 Virus." Viruses 13, no. 6: 1005.
This study aimed to indicate the influence of infection caused by genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV)–isolate Pol18_28298_O111, currently circulating in Poland, on blood counts, biochemical parameters, as well as inflammatory and immune responses. Blood and sera collected from 21 domestic pigs infected intranasally with different doses of virulent ASFV were analysed. The infection led to variable changes in blood counts depending on the stage of the disease with a tendency towards leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and microscopic lesions in organs confirmed the development of the inflammation process, which also resulted in an increased level of biochemical markers such as: Aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatinine, and urea. Antibodies could be detected from 9 to 18 days post infection (dpi). Two survivors presented the highest titer of antibodies (>5 log10/mL) with a simultaneous increase in the lymphocyte T (CD3+) percentage–revealed by flow cytometry. Results confirmed a progressive inflammatory process occurring during the ASFV infection, which may lead to multiple organs failure and death of the majority of affected animals.
Marek Walczak; Magdalena Wasiak; Katarzyna Dudek; Anna Kycko; Ewelina Szacawa; Małgorzata Olech; Grzegorz Woźniakowski; Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz. Blood Counts, Biochemical Parameters, Inflammatory, and Immune Responses in Pigs Infected Experimentally with the African Swine Fever Virus Isolate Pol18_28298_O111. Viruses 2021, 13, 521 .
AMA StyleMarek Walczak, Magdalena Wasiak, Katarzyna Dudek, Anna Kycko, Ewelina Szacawa, Małgorzata Olech, Grzegorz Woźniakowski, Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz. Blood Counts, Biochemical Parameters, Inflammatory, and Immune Responses in Pigs Infected Experimentally with the African Swine Fever Virus Isolate Pol18_28298_O111. Viruses. 2021; 13 (3):521.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarek Walczak; Magdalena Wasiak; Katarzyna Dudek; Anna Kycko; Ewelina Szacawa; Małgorzata Olech; Grzegorz Woźniakowski; Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz. 2021. "Blood Counts, Biochemical Parameters, Inflammatory, and Immune Responses in Pigs Infected Experimentally with the African Swine Fever Virus Isolate Pol18_28298_O111." Viruses 13, no. 3: 521.
Introduction: Aujeszky’s disease virus (ADV) infects a wide range of animals, including members of the Suidae family, i.e. domestic and wild pigs, as well as wild boar. Since wild boar are a potential ADV reservoir and a source of infection for domestic pigs, the aim of the study was to evaluate ADV antibody prevalence in the Polish wild boar population, during the years 2011 to 2014. Material and Methods: Wild boar blood samples were collected during three consecutive hunting seasons; i.e. 2011/2012, 2012/2013, and 2013/2014, and tested for ADV antibodies by ELISA. Results: ADV antibodies were detected in samples from all tested voivodships. The average seroprevalence reached 32.2%. Seroprevalence, over the examined hunting seasons, was 27.4% in 2011/2012, 32.4% in 2012/2013, and 35.5% in 2013/2014. The highest percentage of seroreagents was detected in four voivodships, situated along the western border of Poland, i.e. Zachodnio-Pomorskie (ZP), Lubuskie (LB), Dolnośląskie (DS), and Opolskie (OP). This area is positively correlated with the highest density of the wild boar population and the highest wild boar hunting bag. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm that the wild boar population may still pose a threat to domestic pigs, which is of special importance at the final stage of Aujeszky’s disease eradication programme in Poland.
Andrzej Lipowski; Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Zygmunt Pejsak. Prevalence of antibodies to Aujeszky’s disease virus in wild boar in Poland, between 2011 and 2014: a retrospective study. Journal of Veterinary Research 2017, 61, 397 -404.
AMA StyleAndrzej Lipowski, Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz, Zygmunt Pejsak. Prevalence of antibodies to Aujeszky’s disease virus in wild boar in Poland, between 2011 and 2014: a retrospective study. Journal of Veterinary Research. 2017; 61 (4):397-404.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Lipowski; Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Zygmunt Pejsak. 2017. "Prevalence of antibodies to Aujeszky’s disease virus in wild boar in Poland, between 2011 and 2014: a retrospective study." Journal of Veterinary Research 61, no. 4: 397-404.
Introduction: Aujeszky’s disease (AD), most often related to infection of domestic and feral swine, may also concern other mammals, including dogs. The disease in carnivores, related to consumption of raw meat or offal contaminated with AD virus, is manifested by severe neurological disorders and inevitably leads to animal’s death. Material and Methods: Karelian bear dog was euthanised due to nervous symptoms that started two days after participation in wild boar hunting. After exclusion of rabies the dog’s carcass was subjected to standard necropsy. Tissue samples were collected for histological examination. Samples of the brain were tested for ADV by real-time PCR and virus isolation. Samples of the liver were collected for toxicological examination. Results: The presence of ADV was confirmed by real-time PCR and virus isolation. Toxicological examination revealed anticoagulant poisoning. This is the first case of Aujeszky’s disease (AD) in a hunting dog in Poland after exposure to ADV from offal of wild boar. Conclusion: This infection should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of syndromes of neurological disorders in dogs. Since AD is found in both domestic pigs and wild boar in Poland, special care must be taken to prevent spread of infection to other species.
Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Andrzej Lipowski; Anna Kycko; Bartosz Sell; Michał Ziółkowski; Barbara Małek. Wild boar offal as a probable source of Aujeszky’s disease virus for hunting dogs in Poland. Journal of Veterinary Research 2016, 60, 233 -238.
AMA StyleAnna Szczotka-Bochniarz, Andrzej Lipowski, Anna Kycko, Bartosz Sell, Michał Ziółkowski, Barbara Małek. Wild boar offal as a probable source of Aujeszky’s disease virus for hunting dogs in Poland. Journal of Veterinary Research. 2016; 60 (3):233-238.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Andrzej Lipowski; Anna Kycko; Bartosz Sell; Michał Ziółkowski; Barbara Małek. 2016. "Wild boar offal as a probable source of Aujeszky’s disease virus for hunting dogs in Poland." Journal of Veterinary Research 60, no. 3: 233-238.
The aim of the study was to implement in vitro cultivation of L. intracellularis strains using ATCC 55783 and vaccine strains, and McCoy cells (ATCC CRL-1696). The infection was monitored by daily observations under phase contrast microscope. Indirect immunostaining using monoclonal antibody was also performed. Large number of S-shaped, moving bacteria were found in the cell medium in cultures infected with ATCC 55783 and vaccine strain. Immunostaining revealed a high number of multiple cell-associated or intracellular red stained bacteria in the infected cultures. This study describes for the first time in vitro cultivation of L. intracellularis in Poland, which creates further perspective for more advanced research on this bacterium.
Anna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Katarzyna Podgórska; Agnieszka Nowak; Zygmunt Pejsak. In vitro cultivation and immunostaining of Lawsonia intracellularis strains. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 2013, 57, 319 -322.
AMA StyleAnna Szczotka-Bochniarz, Katarzyna Podgórska, Agnieszka Nowak, Zygmunt Pejsak. In vitro cultivation and immunostaining of Lawsonia intracellularis strains. Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy. 2013; 57 (3):319-322.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnna Szczotka-Bochniarz; Katarzyna Podgórska; Agnieszka Nowak; Zygmunt Pejsak. 2013. "In vitro cultivation and immunostaining of Lawsonia intracellularis strains." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 57, no. 3: 319-322.
A comparison of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for the detection of porcine circovirus type 2 in pigs The aim of this study was to develop and to optimize an immunohistochemistry (IHC) method for PCV2 identification and to compare it with an in situ hybridization (ISH) technique. The results demonstrated that both ISH and IHC successfully detected PCV2 viral antigens or nucleic acid in the examined tissues. Most of the slides identified previously in ISH as PCV2-positive were also positive in IHC. In the case of nearly half of the slides the results of IHC examination revealed an increase in the intensity of staining. IHC presented higher sensitivity and specificity than ISH. No negative impact of the time of paraffin block storage on ISH detection results was observed. In addition, IHC results were easier to interpret due to better image quality after staining. Overall results confirmed IHC was a reliable and useful technique for PMWS diagnosis.
A. Szczotka; T. Stadejek; Z. Pejsak. A comparison of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for the detection of porcine circovirus type 2 in pigs. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2011, 14, 565 -571.
AMA StyleA. Szczotka, T. Stadejek, Z. Pejsak. A comparison of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for the detection of porcine circovirus type 2 in pigs. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2011; 14 (4):565-571.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Szczotka; T. Stadejek; Z. Pejsak. 2011. "A comparison of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for the detection of porcine circovirus type 2 in pigs." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 14, no. 4: 565-571.
The aim of the present study was to develop an immunohistochemical method (IHC) for detection of Lawsonia intracellularis (L. intracellularis) in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded sections of intestines from pigs and to implement this method in differential diagnosis of swine diseases with diarrhea in postweaning pigs. The study was conducted on 165 sections of intestines (ileum, caecum and colon) collected from 76 pigs, representing 42 Polish pig farms. The animals included in the analysis suffered from diarrhea, with bloody or grey to brown feces, and were suspected of porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE). Sections of intestines were analyzed for the presence of L. intracellularis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and IHC. Among 165 intestinal samples from pigs with diarrhea, L. intracellularis DNA was detected by PCR in 33 (20.0%) samples. In this group, 30 samples (18.2% of all the samples tested) were also found positive in IHC, while only 3 (1.8%) were IHC-negative. One hundred thirty-two (80.0%) samples were negative in both tests. The PCR- and IHC-positive samples originated from 11 pigs, 4- to 20-week old, from 8 farms. L. intracellularis antigen was visualized by IHC mostly in intestinal crypts and/or in mononuclear cells of the lamina propria). The positive signal in epithelial cells was observed close to the luminal borders, creating typical specifically stained rims around the crypt lumina. The results of the present study further confirm the usefulness of IHC in the detection of L. intracellularis antigen in the intestinal tissues.
A. Szczotka; T. Stadejek; J. Żmudzki; A. Nowak; Z. Osiński; Z. Pejsak. Immunohistochemical detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in tissue sections from pigs. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2011, 14, 1 .
AMA StyleA. Szczotka, T. Stadejek, J. Żmudzki, A. Nowak, Z. Osiński, Z. Pejsak. Immunohistochemical detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in tissue sections from pigs. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences. 2011; 14 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Szczotka; T. Stadejek; J. Żmudzki; A. Nowak; Z. Osiński; Z. Pejsak. 2011. "Immunohistochemical detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in tissue sections from pigs." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 14, no. 4: 1.