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Sobhy Sallam
Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt

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Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Animals
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This study aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo dietary supplementation with different levels of natural or nano-zeolite forms on rumen fermentation patterns and nutrient digestibility. In the in vitro experiment, a basal diet (50% concentrate: 50% forage) was incubated without additives (control) and with natural zeolite (10, 20, 30 g/kg DM) or nano-zeolite (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0 g/kg DM) for 24 h to assess their effect on ruminal fermentation, feed degradability, and gas and methane production using a semi-automatic system of in vitro gas production (GP). The most effective doses obtained from the in vitro experiment were evaluated in vivo using 30 Barki goats (26 ± 0.9 SE kg body weight). Goats were allocated into three dietary treatments (n = 10/treatment) as follows: control (basal diet without any supplementations), natural zeolite (20 g/kg DM diet), and nano-zeolite (0.40 g/kg DM diet). The in vitro results revealed that only the nano-zeolite supplementation form quadratically (p= 0.004) increased GP, and the level of 0.5 g/kg DM had the highest GP value compared to the control. Both zeolite forms affected the CH4 production, linear, and quadratic reductions (p< 0.05) in CH4 (mL/g DM), consistent with linear increases in truly degraded organic matter (TDOM) (p = 0.09), and propionate molar proportions (p = 0.007) were observed by nano zeolite treatment, while the natural form of zeolite resulted in a linear CH4 reduction consistent with a linear decrease (p = 0.004) in NH3-N, linear increases in TDOM (p = 0.09), and propionate molar proportions (p = 0.004). Results of the in vivo experiment demonstrated that the nutrient digestibility was similar among all treatments. Nano zeolite enhanced (p< 0.05) the total short-chain fatty acids and butyrate concentrations, while both zeolite forms decreased (p< 0.001) NH3-N compared to the control. These results suggested that both zeolite supplementation forms favorably modified the rumen fermentation in different patterns.

ACS Style

Amr El-Nile; Mahmoud Elazab; Hani El-Zaiat; Kheir El-Azrak; Alaa Elkomy; Sobhy Sallam; Yosra Soltan. In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of Dietary Supplementation of Both Natural or Nano-Zeolite in Goat Diets: Effects on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrients Digestibility. Animals 2021, 11, 2215 .

AMA Style

Amr El-Nile, Mahmoud Elazab, Hani El-Zaiat, Kheir El-Azrak, Alaa Elkomy, Sobhy Sallam, Yosra Soltan. In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of Dietary Supplementation of Both Natural or Nano-Zeolite in Goat Diets: Effects on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrients Digestibility. Animals. 2021; 11 (8):2215.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amr El-Nile; Mahmoud Elazab; Hani El-Zaiat; Kheir El-Azrak; Alaa Elkomy; Sobhy Sallam; Yosra Soltan. 2021. "In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of Dietary Supplementation of Both Natural or Nano-Zeolite in Goat Diets: Effects on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrients Digestibility." Animals 11, no. 8: 2215.

Journal article
Published: 02 November 2020 in Sustainability
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Essential oils (EOs) and their active components are attracting a lot of attention as sustainable feed additives due to their known antimicrobial properties against a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. They also have biological therapeutic, antioxidant, and flavor properties. They can be used for modifying the rumen environment and improving animal productivity. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of supplementation with 2.5 and 5 g/head/day of an essential oils blend (EOB) of clove, oregano, and juniper in equal proportions on milk production and quality, and physiological status of early lactating Holstein dairy cows for 8 weeks of treatment followed by 8 weeks of posttreatment. The results revealed an improvement in milk yield (p ≤ 0.02) and feed efficiency (p ≤ 0.001) with EOB at a dose of 2.5 g/head/day. The percentages of milk protein and lactose were increased (p ≤ 0.03) with a high dose of EOB inclusion during the treatment period as compared with the control group. Milk fat percentage, fat-corrected milk, and energy-corrected milk were not significantly affected by EOB supplementation. The supplementation of EOB tended to decrease milk total bacterial and somatic cell counts when compared to the control group. The supplementation of EOB at both doses increased serum total protein (p ≤ 0.02) and globulin (p ≤ 0.05), and decreased cholesterol level (p ≤ 0.001) and creatinine (p ≤ 0.001) as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the results show that the low dose of EOB had more desirable effects on milk yield, milk total bacterial count, milk somatic cell count, and feed efficiency than the high dose, suggesting that lower doses may not inhibit rumen microbial populations. Moreover, the low doses of EOB could be used as sustainable natural alternatives to antibiotics in livestock diets.

ACS Style

Shaker Al-Suwaiegh; Sabrin Morshedy; Abdallah Mansour; Mohamed Ahmed; Soliman Zahran; Tareq Alnemr; Sobhy Sallam. Effect of an Essential Oil Blend on Dairy Cow Performance during Treatment and Post-Treatment Periods. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9123 .

AMA Style

Shaker Al-Suwaiegh, Sabrin Morshedy, Abdallah Mansour, Mohamed Ahmed, Soliman Zahran, Tareq Alnemr, Sobhy Sallam. Effect of an Essential Oil Blend on Dairy Cow Performance during Treatment and Post-Treatment Periods. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):9123.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shaker Al-Suwaiegh; Sabrin Morshedy; Abdallah Mansour; Mohamed Ahmed; Soliman Zahran; Tareq Alnemr; Sobhy Sallam. 2020. "Effect of an Essential Oil Blend on Dairy Cow Performance during Treatment and Post-Treatment Periods." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 9123.

Original article
Published: 01 August 2016 in Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds
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This study was designed to determine the characteristics of rumen fermentation, and post-ruminal protein digestion of untreated and treated soybean meal (SBM) using gas production (GP) technique and three step in situ/in vitro procedures. Soybean meal (SBM) was treated by autoclaving, roasting, with ethanol and mixed by various proportions of Acacia saligna (AS) leaves (1:3, 1:1, 3:1) ratios. The results showed that the highest cumulative GP was observed in untreated SBM followed by treated SBM with ethanol, roasted SBM and SBM+AS (3:1). The lowest mean values of GP were obtained in SBM+AS (1:3), autoclaved SBM and SBM+AS (1:1). The predicted metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/kg DM) and net energy (NE, MJ/kg DM) varied widely in substrates and was particularly high in untreated SBM, while SBM+AS (1:3) had significantly the lowest values of ME and NE. The highest mean values of NH3-N concentration were obtained with untreated SBM, while the lowest was obtained with autoclaved SBMand followed by SBM+AS (1:3), ethanol-treated SBM and roasted SBM. Rumen degradable protein (RDP, %) varied from 33.6% in autoclaving SBM to 62.4% in SBM+AS (3:1). Intestinal protein digestion (IPD, %) content was highest in autoclaving-SBM, roasting SBM and untreated SBM and lowest mean value of IPD was recorded in SBM+AS (1:1).The highest mean values for VFA concentrations were obtained with SBM+AS (3:1)and SBM treated with ethanol followed by SBM plus A. saligna leaves (1:3). The lowest mean value of VFA concentration was obtained by autoclaving SBM or roasting SBM. It is concluded that autoclaving SBM, ethanol- treated SBM and mixing SBM with Acacia leaves (1:3) could be used advantageously to reduce RDP and increase the bypass protein but the autoclaving SBM showed the best treatment on improving the intestinal protein digestion of SBM.

ACS Style

Marwa F.A. Attia; M. E. A. Nasser; K. A. El-Shazly; S. M.A. Sallam. IN VITRO RUMINAL AND POST-RUMINAL PROTEIN DEGRADATION OF UNTREATED AND TREATED SOYBEAN MEAL. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds 2016, 19, 301 -312.

AMA Style

Marwa F.A. Attia, M. E. A. Nasser, K. A. El-Shazly, S. M.A. Sallam. IN VITRO RUMINAL AND POST-RUMINAL PROTEIN DEGRADATION OF UNTREATED AND TREATED SOYBEAN MEAL. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds. 2016; 19 (2):301-312.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marwa F.A. Attia; M. E. A. Nasser; K. A. El-Shazly; S. M.A. Sallam. 2016. "IN VITRO RUMINAL AND POST-RUMINAL PROTEIN DEGRADATION OF UNTREATED AND TREATED SOYBEAN MEAL." Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds 19, no. 2: 301-312.

Journal article
Published: 05 April 2013 in Tropical Animal Health and Production
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Brazilian red propolis was administered orally to Santa Inês ewes, and evaluation was made of general health and hematological, biochemical, and parasitic responses during and after flushing. Thirty mature, nonlactating, nonpregnant Santa Inês ewes (40 ± 2 kg and 2.5 years old) were grazing tropical pasture (Brachiaria decumbens and Pennisetum purpureum) and, as flushing after synchronization, were supplemented with a concentrate–roughage mixture at a rate of 4 % body weight (BW). Ewes were divided according to BW and fecal egg count (FEC) into two groups (n = 15 each): control and propolis that received propolis ethanolic extract at rates of, respectively, 0 and 3 g/ewe/day. The treatments lasted 21 days until the end of flushing period. BW and body condition score (BCS) were recorded, and blood and fecal samples were taken weekly for 8 weeks. Mean values of BW and BCS were not (P > 0.05) affected by propolis administration. Propolis increased (P Propolis increased (P P Propolis decreased (P Propolis administration had good impact on ewe health and may be a promising feed additive during critical periods such as flushing.

ACS Style

Amr S. Morsy; Adibe L. Abdalla; Yosra A. Soltan; Sobhy M. A. Sallam; Kheir El-Din M. El-Azrak; Helder Louvandini; Severino M. Alencar. Effect of Brazilian red propolis administration on hematological, biochemical variables and parasitic response of Santa Inês ewes during and after flushing period. Tropical Animal Health and Production 2013, 45, 1609 -1618.

AMA Style

Amr S. Morsy, Adibe L. Abdalla, Yosra A. Soltan, Sobhy M. A. Sallam, Kheir El-Din M. El-Azrak, Helder Louvandini, Severino M. Alencar. Effect of Brazilian red propolis administration on hematological, biochemical variables and parasitic response of Santa Inês ewes during and after flushing period. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2013; 45 (7):1609-1618.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amr S. Morsy; Adibe L. Abdalla; Yosra A. Soltan; Sobhy M. A. Sallam; Kheir El-Din M. El-Azrak; Helder Louvandini; Severino M. Alencar. 2013. "Effect of Brazilian red propolis administration on hematological, biochemical variables and parasitic response of Santa Inês ewes during and after flushing period." Tropical Animal Health and Production 45, no. 7: 1609-1618.

Articles
Published: 19 April 2011 in Archives of Animal Nutrition
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The objectives of this study were to characterise four essential oils (EO) chemically and to evaluate their effect on ruminal fermentation and methane emission in vitro. The investigated EO were isolated from Achillea santolina, Artemisia judaica, Schinus terebinthifolius and Mentha microphylla, and supplemented at four levels (0, 25, 50 and 75 l) to 75ml of buffered rumen fluid plus 0.5 g of substrate. The main components of the EO were piperitone (49.1%) and camphor (34.5%) in A. judaica, 16-dimethyl 15-cyclooactdaiene (60.5%) in A. santolina, piperitone oxide (46.7%) and cis-piperitone oxide (28%) in M. microphylla, and -muurolene (45.3%) and -thujene (16.0%) in S. terebinthifolius. The EO from A. santolina (at 25 and 50 l), and all levels of A. judaica increased the gas production significantly, but S. terebinthifolius (at 50 and 75 l), A. santolina (at 75 l) and all levels of M. microphylla decreased the gas production significantly in comparison with the control. The highest levels of A. santolina and A. judaica, and all doses from M. microphylla EO inhibited the methane production along with a significant reduction in true degradation of dry matter and organic matter, protozoa count and NH3-N concentration. It is concluded that the evaluated EO have the potential to affect ruminal fermentation efficiency and the EO from M. microphylla could be a promising methane mitigating agent.Third World of Academic Science (TWAS) in ItalyNational Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) in Brazi

ACS Style

Sobhy Mohamed Abdallah Sallam; Samir Abdelazim Mohamed Abdelgaleil; Ives Cláudio Da Silva Bueno; Mohamed Emad Abdelwahab Nasser; Rafael Canonenco Araujo; Adibe Luiz Abdalla. Effect of some essential oils onin vitromethane emission. Archives of Animal Nutrition 2011, 65, 203 -214.

AMA Style

Sobhy Mohamed Abdallah Sallam, Samir Abdelazim Mohamed Abdelgaleil, Ives Cláudio Da Silva Bueno, Mohamed Emad Abdelwahab Nasser, Rafael Canonenco Araujo, Adibe Luiz Abdalla. Effect of some essential oils onin vitromethane emission. Archives of Animal Nutrition. 2011; 65 (3):203-214.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sobhy Mohamed Abdallah Sallam; Samir Abdelazim Mohamed Abdelgaleil; Ives Cláudio Da Silva Bueno; Mohamed Emad Abdelwahab Nasser; Rafael Canonenco Araujo; Adibe Luiz Abdalla. 2011. "Effect of some essential oils onin vitromethane emission." Archives of Animal Nutrition 65, no. 3: 203-214.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2005 in Small Ruminant Research
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ACS Style

S.M.A. Sallam; M.E.A. Nasser; M.I. Yousef. Effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin on sheep milk production, composition and some hemato-biochemical components. Small Ruminant Research 2005, 56, 165 -171.

AMA Style

S.M.A. Sallam, M.E.A. Nasser, M.I. Yousef. Effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin on sheep milk production, composition and some hemato-biochemical components. Small Ruminant Research. 2005; 56 (1-3):165-171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S.M.A. Sallam; M.E.A. Nasser; M.I. Yousef. 2005. "Effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin on sheep milk production, composition and some hemato-biochemical components." Small Ruminant Research 56, no. 1-3: 165-171.