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Nature-based solutions (NBS) offer multiple solutions to urban challenges simultaneously, but realising funding for NBS remains a challenge. When the concept of NBS for societal challenges was first defined by the EC in 2017, financing was recognised as one of the major challenges to its mainstreaming. The complexity of NBS finance has its origin in the multiple benefits/stakeholders involved, which obscures the argument for both public and private sector investment. Since 2017, subsequent waves of EU research- and innovation-funded projects have substantially contributed to the knowledge base of funding and business models for NBS, particularly in the urban context. Collaborating and sharing knowledge through an EU Task Force, this first set of EU projects laid important knowledge foundations, reviewing existing literature, and compiling empirical evidence of different financing approaches and the business models that underpinned them. The second set of EU innovation actions advanced this knowledge base, developing and testing new implementation models, business model tools, and approaches. This paper presents the findings of these projects from a business model perspective to improve our understanding of the value propositions of NBS to support their mainstreaming.
Beatriz Mayor; Helen Toxopeus; Siobhan McQuaid; Edoardo Croci; Benedetta Lucchitta; Suhana Reddy; Aitziber Egusquiza; Monica Altamirano; Tamara Trumbic; Andreas Tuerk; Gemma García; Efrén Feliu; Cosima Malandrino; Joanne Schante; Anne Jensen; Elena López Gunn. State of the Art and Latest Advances in Exploring Business Models for Nature-Based Solutions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7413 .
AMA StyleBeatriz Mayor, Helen Toxopeus, Siobhan McQuaid, Edoardo Croci, Benedetta Lucchitta, Suhana Reddy, Aitziber Egusquiza, Monica Altamirano, Tamara Trumbic, Andreas Tuerk, Gemma García, Efrén Feliu, Cosima Malandrino, Joanne Schante, Anne Jensen, Elena López Gunn. State of the Art and Latest Advances in Exploring Business Models for Nature-Based Solutions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBeatriz Mayor; Helen Toxopeus; Siobhan McQuaid; Edoardo Croci; Benedetta Lucchitta; Suhana Reddy; Aitziber Egusquiza; Monica Altamirano; Tamara Trumbic; Andreas Tuerk; Gemma García; Efrén Feliu; Cosima Malandrino; Joanne Schante; Anne Jensen; Elena López Gunn. 2021. "State of the Art and Latest Advances in Exploring Business Models for Nature-Based Solutions." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7413.
The goal to decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is spurring interest in renewable energy systems from time-varying sources (e.g., photovoltaics, wind) and these can require batteries to help load balancing. However, the batteries themselves add additional GHG emissions to the electricity system in all its life cycle phases. This article begins by investigating the GHG emissions for the manufacturing of two stationary lithium-ion batteries, comparing production in Europe, US and China. Next, we analyze how the installation and operation of these batteries change the GHG emissions of the electricity supply in two pilot sites. Life cycle assessment is used for GHG emissions calculation. The regional comparison on GHG emissions of battery manufacturing shows that primary aluminum, cathode paste and battery cell production are the principal components of the GHG emissions of battery manufacturing. Regional variations are linked mainly to high grid electricity demand and regional changes in the electricity mixes, resulting in base values of 77 kg CO2-eq/kWh to 153 kg CO2-eq/kWh battery capacity. The assessment of two pilot sites shows that the implementation of batteries can lead to GHG emission savings of up to 77%, if their operation enables an increase in renewable energy sources in the electricity system.
Johanna Pucker-Singer; Christian Aichberger; Jernej Zupančič; Camilla Neumann; David Bird; Gerfried Jungmeier; Andrej Gubina; Andreas Tuerk. Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Stationary Battery Installations in Two Renewable Energy Projects. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6330 .
AMA StyleJohanna Pucker-Singer, Christian Aichberger, Jernej Zupančič, Camilla Neumann, David Bird, Gerfried Jungmeier, Andrej Gubina, Andreas Tuerk. Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Stationary Battery Installations in Two Renewable Energy Projects. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6330.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohanna Pucker-Singer; Christian Aichberger; Jernej Zupančič; Camilla Neumann; David Bird; Gerfried Jungmeier; Andrej Gubina; Andreas Tuerk. 2021. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Stationary Battery Installations in Two Renewable Energy Projects." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6330.
This paper assesses storage applications from an environmental, economic and technical dimension. Three different demonstration set-ups are considered, as well as one large-scale simulation. The results emphasize that storage needs to be tailored to a specific purpose and tradeoffs between the three perspectives have to be considered to benefit the entire energy system. Currently, system integration and the possibility to use the grid as storage are hampering the potential of storage. It is however shown that storage can provide valuable technical and environmental benefits to the grid and possibly defer grid investment.
Camilla Neumann; Johanna Pucker-Singer; Andreas Türk; Jernej Zupančič; Andrej Gubina. The Role of Storage Systems in Industrial and Residential Environments. Proceedings 2021, 65, 25 .
AMA StyleCamilla Neumann, Johanna Pucker-Singer, Andreas Türk, Jernej Zupančič, Andrej Gubina. The Role of Storage Systems in Industrial and Residential Environments. Proceedings. 2021; 65 (1):25.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCamilla Neumann; Johanna Pucker-Singer; Andreas Türk; Jernej Zupančič; Andrej Gubina. 2021. "The Role of Storage Systems in Industrial and Residential Environments." Proceedings 65, no. 1: 25.
The Clean Energy Package foresees a strong roll out of decentralized energy systems with renewable generation and storage. The STORY project has designed and tested six different storage solutions for a decentralized renewable energy system. In the workshop organised in the frame of SP19 conference, we highlighted some of the economic, social and technical barriers to storage in Europe and how these have been addressed.
Mia Ala-Juusela; Jernej Zupančič; Andrej F. Gubina; Andreas Tuerk; Ala- Juusela. Clean Energy Storage Workshop. Proceedings 2019, 20, 20 .
AMA StyleMia Ala-Juusela, Jernej Zupančič, Andrej F. Gubina, Andreas Tuerk, Ala- Juusela. Clean Energy Storage Workshop. Proceedings. 2019; 20 (1):20.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMia Ala-Juusela; Jernej Zupančič; Andrej F. Gubina; Andreas Tuerk; Ala- Juusela. 2019. "Clean Energy Storage Workshop." Proceedings 20, no. 1: 20.
This paper introduces a method to analyse and explore consistency within policy mixes in order to support the policymaking cycle and applies it to energy and climate change policies in the United Kingdom (UK) biofuels policy context. The first part of the paper introduces a multi-level method to evaluate consistency within policy mixes implemented over a period of time. The first level explores consistency across policy design features in policy mixes. The second level evaluates how stakeholders, and their interactions with policy instruments and each other, can impact consistency within a given context. These interactions influence the implementation of policies and can lead to unintended outcomes that fail to meet the overarching goals. In the second part of the paper, we apply our method to the UK biofuels policy mix, to explore a sector that cuts across the policy areas of transportation, energy, land-use, air, and climate change. Our analysis demonstrates how, by overlooking complex interactions in the design and implementation of policies in the biofuels sector, policy mixes have conflicted with the development of a potential low-carbon technology.
Jenny Lieu; Niki Artemis Spyridaki; Rocio Alvarez-Tinoco; Wytze Van Der Gaast; Andreas Tuerk; Oscar Van Vliet. Evaluating Consistency in Environmental Policy Mixes through Policy, Stakeholder, and Contextual Interactions. Sustainability 2018, 10, 1896 .
AMA StyleJenny Lieu, Niki Artemis Spyridaki, Rocio Alvarez-Tinoco, Wytze Van Der Gaast, Andreas Tuerk, Oscar Van Vliet. Evaluating Consistency in Environmental Policy Mixes through Policy, Stakeholder, and Contextual Interactions. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (6):1896.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJenny Lieu; Niki Artemis Spyridaki; Rocio Alvarez-Tinoco; Wytze Van Der Gaast; Andreas Tuerk; Oscar Van Vliet. 2018. "Evaluating Consistency in Environmental Policy Mixes through Policy, Stakeholder, and Contextual Interactions." Sustainability 10, no. 6: 1896.
An important aspect in the linking of different emissions trading schemes is the degree to which these systems allow (or ban) external offset project categories. The EU Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) currently allows the use of credits from energy and industry projects developed under the Kyoto Protocol’s Joint Implementation (JI) and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) but excludes the use of carbon credits from forestry projects for compliance in the EU ETS. Forestry credits generated by the CDM have a limited lifetime and expire at the end of a project’s crediting period, or earlier if the carbon stock for which the credits have been issued ceases to exist. According to the recently adopted amendment of the EU ETS Directive forestry credits will remain to be excluded until 2020. The present article reviews how the New South Wales Greenhouse Gas Abatement Scheme (Australia), the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (US) and the voluntary scheme of the Chicago Climate Exchange integrate forestry offsets into the respective system and how they deal with the risk of losing stored and credited biomass. By comparing the results of different scenarios this article shows how differences in the treatment of forestry offsets could impact the efforts to link various emission trading systems in future.
Charlotte Streck; A. Tuerk; B. Schlamadinger. Foresty offsets in emissions trading systems: a link between systems? Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 2009, 14, 455 -463.
AMA StyleCharlotte Streck, A. Tuerk, B. Schlamadinger. Foresty offsets in emissions trading systems: a link between systems? Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. 2009; 14 (5):455-463.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCharlotte Streck; A. Tuerk; B. Schlamadinger. 2009. "Foresty offsets in emissions trading systems: a link between systems?" Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 14, no. 5: 455-463.