Climate change is one of the issues of greatest concern to today’s society. The increase in temperatures has affected sea levels, polar masses and extreme events, among others. There are many scientific studies that analyze the impacts of climate change on coastal communities, but most of them focus on beach erosion and coastal recession. Scientific literature on the effects of climate change on ports and harbors and their adaptation is much less abundant. Ports are essential for the economy and society of their cities, so studying the impact of climate change on them is an urgent need. The Mediterranean and the Spanish Mediterranean coast is one of the areas that will be most affected by climate change in the future. In addition, the Spanish economy depends a lot on its tourism and, thus, on its coastal cities. Therefore, the study of the impact of climate change on Spanish ports and coastal communities is essential. This article presents a review of the studies carried out until now on the effects of climate change on Spanish ports, and it identifies research gaps and weaknesses and suggests new research lines.

Wave energy is one of the most powerful sources of energy on our planet, but its exploitation is difficult. Much current research on renewable energy is focused on how to harness ocean energy. However, wave energy converter (WEC) technology is still immature and how to reach high levels of efficiency is still unknown. In coming years, this field is likely to reach a high level of development, so it is important to continue research on the improvement of the performance of these devices. One of the most important wave energy converters is the oscillating water column (OWC). The main difficulty of OWCs is that they have to provide good rates of hydrodynamic efficiency for many different types of sea states (different periods, heights, wavelengths, etc.). The other big concern is the optimization of the geometric parameters of the device. This research paper is focused on these two big concerns: how oceanographic parameters affect the hydrodynamic behavior of an OWC and its geometric optimization. Different studies about how wave and geometric characteristics affect the performance of an OWC are reviewed and relationships between these and the hydrodynamic performance of an OWC are finally outlined and summed up.