Fever or Pyrexia means abnormal rise in body temperature above the usual range of normal in response to a variety of infectious, immunological and neoplastic stimuli. To normalize these febrile conditions, several synthetic agents are in clinical practice such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and aspirin. However, they are having many side effects which sometimes challenge their applications. The various sources are under investigation worldwide to overcome issues of unwanted effects and to better therapeutic response. In this scenario botanicals such as alkaloids, the most widely distributed and studied plant secondary metabolites, could effectively produce the molecules with better antipyretic effect and safety profile. The current review deals with 21 isolated alkaloids from 14 plants species having some antipyretic effect in preliminary screening/preclinical studies with the possible mechanism and structural edges. Therefore, these alkaloids of plant origin are candidates for further detail studies to ascertain their mechanism(s) and clinical utility or as lead compounds for future drugs.

Oxyria digyna is an important herb, having a wide geographical distribution. Nutritionally, it has found its place in the meals of various populations living in different parts of the world, both in raw and cooked forms. Traditional uses identified its indications in cancer, depression, hepatitis, jaundice, colic, gastritis, appetite, diuretic, constipation, cough, chest congestion, boils, scurvy. Several pharmacological activities have hastened further experimental exploration of this plant, establishing its efficacy for diabetes, free radical scavenging, gout, and cancer. The important bioactive compounds isolated from this plant are vitexin, orientin, hesperidin, quercetin and stigmasterol. These compounds have extensive effects on human physiology and provide proof that O. digyna is potentially unexplored for its pharmacological efficacy. A detailed metabolomic approach is required to fully characterize the plant as a potential nutraceutical candidate with multiple therapeutic potentials.

Microbial infections present a challenging arena to the modern world. Traditional antibiotics are now familiar to microbes. To counter this microbial familiarity, a novel approach is a nanoparticle-based drug delivery system that exhibits promising results and overcomes these problems. This study was conducted to explore the efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by utilizing stem bark extract of Sterculia diversifolia followed by physicochemical characterization including ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The UV-Vis characteristic spectral peak was recorded at 430 nm. XRD confirmed the crystalline structure of AgNPs, while FTIR confirmed phytochemicals in their capping, stabilization, and synthesis of AgNPs. SEM devised the particle size range of 100 nm at 30,000× magnification. TEM showed nanoparticles morphology, which is spherical in nature, while obtained nanoparticles were 100 nm in size. The antibacterial activity of synthesized NPs showed significant action against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Similarly, crude extract and n-hexane fraction showed maximum zone of inhibition. Promising results suggest that stem bark extract AgNPs of Sterculia diversifolia can be studied further for microbial mechanisms as well as formulation-based studies.