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Rail power conditioner (RPC) has the ability to improve the power quality in AC railway power grids. This power conditioner can increase the loading capacity of traction substations, balance the active power between the feeder load sections, and compensate for reactive power and current harmonics. At present, there is increasing use of multilevel converter topologies, which provide scalability and robust performance under different conditions. In this framework, modular multilevel converter (MMC) is emerging as a prominent solution for medium-voltage applications. Serving that purpose, this paper focuses on the implementation, testing, and validation of a reduced-scale laboratory prototype of a proposed RPC based on an MMC. The developed laboratory prototype, designed to be compact, reliable, and adaptable to multipurpose applications, is presented, highlighting the main control and power circuit boards of the MMC. In addition, MMC parameter design of the filter inductor and submodule capacitor is also explained. Experimental analysis and validation of a reduced-scale prototype RPC based on MMC topology, are provided to verify the power quality improvement in electrified railway power grids. Thus, two experimental case studies are presented: (1) when both of the load sections are unequally loaded; (2) when only one load section is loaded. Experimental results confirm the RPC based on MMC is effective in reducing the harmonic contents, solving the problem of three-phase current imbalance and compensating reactive power.
Mohamed Tanta; Jose Cunha; Luis A. M. Barros; Vitor Monteiro; José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto; Antonio P. Martins; Joao L. Afonso. Experimental Validation of a Reduced-Scale Rail Power Conditioner Based on Modular Multilevel Converter for AC Railway Power Grids. Energies 2021, 14, 484 .
AMA StyleMohamed Tanta, Jose Cunha, Luis A. M. Barros, Vitor Monteiro, José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto, Antonio P. Martins, Joao L. Afonso. Experimental Validation of a Reduced-Scale Rail Power Conditioner Based on Modular Multilevel Converter for AC Railway Power Grids. Energies. 2021; 14 (2):484.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Tanta; Jose Cunha; Luis A. M. Barros; Vitor Monteiro; José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto; Antonio P. Martins; Joao L. Afonso. 2021. "Experimental Validation of a Reduced-Scale Rail Power Conditioner Based on Modular Multilevel Converter for AC Railway Power Grids." Energies 14, no. 2: 484.
This paper proposes a novel multifunctional isolated microinverter which is able to extract the maximum available power from a solar photovoltaic module and inject it into the power grid, while simultaneously charging a battery energy storage system (BESS). The proposed microinverter integrates a novel DC–DC power converter and a conventional DC–AC power converter. The DC–DC power converter is able to send electrical energy to the secondary side of a high-frequency transformer and to the BESS, using only two power switches. Throughout this paper, the converter topology, the operation modes, the control algorithms, and the development of a laboratory prototype of the proposed microinverter are described in detail. Moreover, simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution.
Luis A. M. Barros; Mohamed Tanta; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Joao L. Afonso; J. G. Pinto. New Multifunctional Isolated Microinverter with Integrated Energy Storage System for PV Applications. Energies 2020, 13, 4016 .
AMA StyleLuis A. M. Barros, Mohamed Tanta, Tiago J. C. Sousa, Joao L. Afonso, J. G. Pinto. New Multifunctional Isolated Microinverter with Integrated Energy Storage System for PV Applications. Energies. 2020; 13 (15):4016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis A. M. Barros; Mohamed Tanta; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Joao L. Afonso; J. G. Pinto. 2020. "New Multifunctional Isolated Microinverter with Integrated Energy Storage System for PV Applications." Energies 13, no. 15: 4016.
Electric locomotives in AC traction power systems represent a huge single-phase non-linear load and, detrimentally, affect the power quality and the efficiency of the three-phase power grid. Nevertheless, along the last decades, power electronics are being used to mitigate power quality problems in the three-phase power grid. In particular, Rail Power Conditioner (RPC) helps to increase the loading capacity of traction substations and improve the power quality of three-phase power grids. As the main characteristics, an RPC can supply reactive power, suppress current harmonics and overcome currents imbalance of the three-phase power grid. On the other hand, the traction substations may be constituted by different types of power transformers. For instance, single-phase power transformers and open-delta (V/V) power transformers are widely used, while Scott power transformers are less frequently used, since they are more complex and expensive. In this framework, this work presents a review study of RPC topologies, including their operation modes, and a comprehensive comparison between the characteristics of the RPC topologies when using different types of AC traction substations and power transformers. This helps to ensure the correct selection of the RPC topology for a specific application, according to the main structure of the traction substation. Consequently, and based on the established review, it is possible to sort and allocate each RPC topology for limited or wider applications.
Mohamed Tanta; José Gabriel Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Antonio P. Martins; Adriano S. Carvalho; Joao L. Afonso. Topologies and Operation Modes of Rail Power Conditioners in AC Traction Grids: Review and Comprehensive Comparison. Energies 2020, 13, 2151 .
AMA StyleMohamed Tanta, José Gabriel Pinto, Vitor Monteiro, Antonio P. Martins, Adriano S. Carvalho, Joao L. Afonso. Topologies and Operation Modes of Rail Power Conditioners in AC Traction Grids: Review and Comprehensive Comparison. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2151.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Tanta; José Gabriel Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Antonio P. Martins; Adriano S. Carvalho; Joao L. Afonso. 2020. "Topologies and Operation Modes of Rail Power Conditioners in AC Traction Grids: Review and Comprehensive Comparison." Energies 13, no. 9: 2151.
This paper presents the implementation and subsequent experimental verification of an electronic variable speed drive (VSD) for driving an induction motor, which is composed by a three-phase ac-dc converter on the grid-side and by a three-phase dc-ac converter on the motor-side. With the proposed solution, besides driving the motor, it is possible to mitigate power quality problems on the grid-side (e.g., current harmonics and power factor) associated with the use of diode-bridge ac-dc converters in the conventional VSDs. Besides, with the proposed solution, a bidirectional operation is possible, allowing to deliver to the power grid the energy generated in motor braking processes. As demonstrated along the paper, with the proposed VSD, it is possible to control the motor speed (including the rotation direction), and the operation with sinusoidal currents and unitary power factor on the grid-side. A laboratory prototype was developed, permitting to perform an experimental validation and prove the main functionalities of the VSD.
Luís Machado; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Delfim Pedrosa; Vitor Monteiro; J. G. Pinto; Joao L. Afonso. A Three-Phase Bidirectional Variable Speed Drive: An Experimental Validation for a Three-Phase Induction Motor. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2020, 47 -57.
AMA StyleLuís Machado, Tiago J. C. Sousa, Delfim Pedrosa, Vitor Monteiro, J. G. Pinto, Joao L. Afonso. A Three-Phase Bidirectional Variable Speed Drive: An Experimental Validation for a Three-Phase Induction Motor. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. 2020; ():47-57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuís Machado; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Delfim Pedrosa; Vitor Monteiro; J. G. Pinto; Joao L. Afonso. 2020. "A Three-Phase Bidirectional Variable Speed Drive: An Experimental Validation for a Three-Phase Induction Motor." Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering , no. : 47-57.
Rail transport has always been one of the greatest economic boosters of several world nations, allowing the freight and passenger transport. In addition, it is the most secure and economic land transportation mode. From the energetic perspective, the electric locomotives emerge as one of the most efficient land transportation mode, as well as allow a more sustainable development. However, when an electric locomotive is connected to the three-phase power grid, power quality (PQ) deterioration arise, leading to the distortion and unbalance of the three-phase power grid currents and voltages which imply higher operational costs, raising economic and functional issues. In order to overcome the PQ deterioration phenomena, several solutions based power electronics technology have been studied and developed. These solutions vary in terms of control, functionality, implementation costs and complexity. One of the existing solutions is a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), which compensates the three-phase currents imbalance and harmonics. In this paper, a comprehensive review of the electrified railway systems is carried out, identifying the electric PQ phenomena which may appear due to the non-linear dynamic traction loads. Following this topic, a computational simulation of the STATCOM is presented, making analysis of its behavior regarding the PQ improvement in electrified railway systems. Two case studies are presented: (i) a traction power system fed with V/V power transformer; (ii) a traction power system fed with Scott power transformer.
Luis A. M. Barros; Mohamed Tanta; António P. Martins; João L. Afonso; J. G. Pinto. STATCOM Evaluation in Electrified Railway Using V/V and Scott Power Transformers. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2020, 18 -32.
AMA StyleLuis A. M. Barros, Mohamed Tanta, António P. Martins, João L. Afonso, J. G. Pinto. STATCOM Evaluation in Electrified Railway Using V/V and Scott Power Transformers. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. 2020; ():18-32.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuis A. M. Barros; Mohamed Tanta; António P. Martins; João L. Afonso; J. G. Pinto. 2020. "STATCOM Evaluation in Electrified Railway Using V/V and Scott Power Transformers." Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering , no. : 18-32.
This paper presents a load-shift system with advanced functionalities to interface the power grid (PG). When compared with the conventional approach, an advanced load-shift system (aLSS) permits the compensation of power quality (PQ) problems for the grid-side, namely problems related to current harmonics, current imbalance, and power factor. The proposed aLSS is composed by a bidirectional ac-dc converter to interface the PG and by a bidirectional dc-dc converter to interface an energy storage system (ESS). Since the main innovation is related with the PG interface, the focus of this work is on the analysis of the ac-dc converter, which is based on a three-phase four-leg converter. A theoretical study and the details concerning the control algorithm are presented and discussed along the paper. A laboratory prototype of the proposed aLSS was developed and the details of implementation are described in the paper. Experimental results obtained with the developed prototype prove that the aLSS contributes for the technology progress in this area, validating a new concept of operation concerning the PQ on the PG side.
Ana M. C. Rodrigues; Vítor Monteiro; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Tiago Alves; J. G. Pinto; João L. Afonso. Advanced Load-Shift System: An Experimental Validation of the ac-dc Converter as Shunt Active Power Filter. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2020, 257 -268.
AMA StyleAna M. C. Rodrigues, Vítor Monteiro, Tiago J. C. Sousa, Tiago Alves, J. G. Pinto, João L. Afonso. Advanced Load-Shift System: An Experimental Validation of the ac-dc Converter as Shunt Active Power Filter. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. 2020; ():257-268.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna M. C. Rodrigues; Vítor Monteiro; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Tiago Alves; J. G. Pinto; João L. Afonso. 2020. "Advanced Load-Shift System: An Experimental Validation of the ac-dc Converter as Shunt Active Power Filter." Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering , no. : 257-268.
This paper presents a deadbeat predictive current control methodology to reduce the circulating currents in a modular multilevel converter (MMC) when it operates as a rail power conditioner (RPC) in a conventional railway system-based V/V connection. For this purpose, a half-bridge MMC based on half-bridge submodules, operating as an RPC is explained, and the total system is denominated as a simplified rail power conditioner (SRPC). The SRPC in this study is used to compensate harmonics, reactive power, and the negative sequence component of currents. This paper explains the SRPC system architecture, the key control algorithms, and the deadbeat predictive current control methodology. Mathematical analysis, based on the MMC equivalent circuit, is described and the reference equations are presented. Moreover, simulation results of the deadbeat predictive current control methodology are compared with the results of the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller. This comparison is to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Simulation results of the SRPC show reduced circulating currents in the MMC phases when using the predictive control approach, besides accomplishing power quality improvement at the three-phase power grid side.
Mohamed Tanta; J. G. Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Antonio P. Martins; Adriano S. Carvalho; Joao L. Afonso. Deadbeat Predictive Current Control for Circulating Currents Reduction in a Modular Multilevel Converter Based Rail Power Conditioner. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 1849 .
AMA StyleMohamed Tanta, J. G. Pinto, Vitor Monteiro, Antonio P. Martins, Adriano S. Carvalho, Joao L. Afonso. Deadbeat Predictive Current Control for Circulating Currents Reduction in a Modular Multilevel Converter Based Rail Power Conditioner. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (5):1849.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Tanta; J. G. Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Antonio P. Martins; Adriano S. Carvalho; Joao L. Afonso. 2020. "Deadbeat Predictive Current Control for Circulating Currents Reduction in a Modular Multilevel Converter Based Rail Power Conditioner." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5: 1849.
Vitor Monteiro; Joao Catalao; Tiago Sousa; J. Pinto; Marcello Mezaroba; Joao Afonso. Improved Voltage Control for the Electric Vehicle Operation in V2H Mode as an Off-Line UPS in the Context of Smart Homes. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web 2020, 7, 1 .
AMA StyleVitor Monteiro, Joao Catalao, Tiago Sousa, J. Pinto, Marcello Mezaroba, Joao Afonso. Improved Voltage Control for the Electric Vehicle Operation in V2H Mode as an Off-Line UPS in the Context of Smart Homes. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web. 2020; 7 (25):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVitor Monteiro; Joao Catalao; Tiago Sousa; J. Pinto; Marcello Mezaroba; Joao Afonso. 2020. "Improved Voltage Control for the Electric Vehicle Operation in V2H Mode as an Off-Line UPS in the Context of Smart Homes." EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web 7, no. 25: 1.
The earliest and simplest impedance compensation technique used in inductive wireless power transfer (WPT) design is the series-series (SS) compensation circuit, which uses capacitors in series with both primary and secondary coils of an air-gapped transformer. Despite of its simplicity at the resonant condition, this configuration exhibits a major sensitivity to variations of the load attached to the secondary, especially when higher coupling coefficients are used in the design. In the extreme situation that the secondary coil is left at open circuit, the current at the primary coil may increase above the safety limits for either the power converter driving the primary coil or the components in the primary circuit, including the coil itself. An approach often used to minimize this problem is detuning, but this also reduces the electrical efficiency of the power transfer. In low power, fixed-distance stationary WPT, a fair trade-off between efficiency and safety must be verified. This paper aims to consolidate a simple design procedure for such a SS-compensation, exemplifying its use in the prototype of a WPT system for automotive light detection and ranging (LiDAR) equipment. The guidelines herein provided should equally apply to other low power applications.
Luiz A. Lisboa Cardoso; Vítor Monteiro; José Gabriel Pinto; Miguel Nogueira; Adérito Abreu; José A. Afonso; João L. Afonso. Design of an Intrinsically Safe Series-Series Compensation WPT System for Automotive LiDAR. Electronics 2020, 9, 86 .
AMA StyleLuiz A. Lisboa Cardoso, Vítor Monteiro, José Gabriel Pinto, Miguel Nogueira, Adérito Abreu, José A. Afonso, João L. Afonso. Design of an Intrinsically Safe Series-Series Compensation WPT System for Automotive LiDAR. Electronics. 2020; 9 (1):86.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuiz A. Lisboa Cardoso; Vítor Monteiro; José Gabriel Pinto; Miguel Nogueira; Adérito Abreu; José A. Afonso; João L. Afonso. 2020. "Design of an Intrinsically Safe Series-Series Compensation WPT System for Automotive LiDAR." Electronics 9, no. 1: 86.
This paper presents the experimental investigation of an electromagnetic suppressor to minimize the circulation of zero‐sequence currents in three‐phase four‐wire distribution systems. The proposed zero‐sequence current electromagnetic suppressor (ZSS) integrates two distinct electromagnetic devices, namely a zero‐sequence filter (ZSF) and a zero‐sequence blocker (ZSB), connected in parallel and in series between the source and the load, respectively. In this paper are presented the theoretical modeling and analysis of each device, the mathematical concepts of harmonic compensation, and the procedures for the design and determination of the constructive details. The experimental results of the combined operation of the devices that integrate the ZSS demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed arrangement, by minimizing the flow of the zero‐sequence harmonic currents in the source side, enabling a significant reduction of the current in the neutral conductor, and also by improving the system power factor.
Stefani Carolline Leal Freitas; Luis Carlos Origa De Oliveira; Priscila Da Silva Oliveira; Bruno Exposto; José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto; João Luiz Afonso. Modeling, design, and experimental test of a zero‐sequence current electromagnetic suppressor. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2019, 30, 1 .
AMA StyleStefani Carolline Leal Freitas, Luis Carlos Origa De Oliveira, Priscila Da Silva Oliveira, Bruno Exposto, José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto, João Luiz Afonso. Modeling, design, and experimental test of a zero‐sequence current electromagnetic suppressor. International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems. 2019; 30 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefani Carolline Leal Freitas; Luis Carlos Origa De Oliveira; Priscila Da Silva Oliveira; Bruno Exposto; José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto; João Luiz Afonso. 2019. "Modeling, design, and experimental test of a zero‐sequence current electromagnetic suppressor." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 30, no. 2: 1.
The quality of electric power is receiving more and more attention from part of consumers, Distribution System Operators (DSO), Transmission System Operators (TSO) and other competent entities related to the electrical power system. Once the electrical Power Quality (PQ) problems have direct implications for business productivity, causing high economic losses, it is mandatory to develop solutions that mitigate these problems. Active Power Filters (APFs) are power electronic equipment capable of compensating PQ problems that have the ability to dynamically adjust their modes of operation in response to changes in load or in the power system. Among these solutions, the Series Active Power Filter (SeAPF) is specially conceived to deal with problems related to the power system voltage amplitude and waveform. Despite the ability to compensate voltage sags, voltage swells, voltage harmonics, and voltage imbalances in three-phase systems, the SeAPF has not achieved much success neither has not been widely adopted. The lack of interest in this equipment can be largely justified by its high cost and also because of some limitations presented by the SeAPF conventional topology. In this paper is presented a novel topology, as well as the control algorithms of a single-phase SeAPF that is connected directly to the power grid without the use of coupling transformers and that does not require the use of external power sources. The topology and control algorithms of the SeAPF proposed in this paper were firstly evaluated by means of simulation results obtained with PSIM software and, once validated, a laboratory prototype was developed, being presented experimental results that support the correct operation of the proposed system.
Joao L. Torre; Luis A. M. Barros; Joao L. Afonso; J. G. Pinto. Development of a Proposed Single-Phase Series Active Power Filter without External Power Sources. 2019 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST) 2019, 1 -6.
AMA StyleJoao L. Torre, Luis A. M. Barros, Joao L. Afonso, J. G. Pinto. Development of a Proposed Single-Phase Series Active Power Filter without External Power Sources. 2019 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST). 2019; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoao L. Torre; Luis A. M. Barros; Joao L. Afonso; J. G. Pinto. 2019. "Development of a Proposed Single-Phase Series Active Power Filter without External Power Sources." 2019 International Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST) , no. : 1-6.
An experimental evaluation of a digital control system based on a dual Digital Signal Processor (DSP) architecture is proposed for a three phase Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). A classical UQPC is constituted by two power conditioners, connected in series and shunted with the power grid, and sharing a common DC-link. In a smart grid scenario of operation, a UPQC will be fundamental for compensating power quality problems, also contributing to improving the efficiency of the electrical grids from a global perspective. The UPQC operation requires a bidirectional energy transfer between the two power conditioners, however, respecting some constraints, they can be controlled independently. In order to take advantage of this characteristic, the control algorithms can be executed on two independent DSPs, without any communication between them and maintaining the operational characteristics of the UPQC. Comparing with the classical control architecture based on a single DSP, with the proposed dual DSP architecture, the computational effort of each DSP is decreased of about 35%, allowing to increase the sampling rate. Therefore, the main advantages of the proposed approach are the minimization of delays caused by the processing time, which are very common in digital control systems, as well as the increment of the UPQC performance. Along the paper, detailed analysis of the processing speed and memory requirements to implement the UPQC control algorithms in both DSPs is presented. The paper also presents a set of detailed experimental results, obtained with a developed 5 kVA laboratory prototype of UPQC, which was used to evaluate the performance of the proposed dual DSP architecture.
Luís Monteiro; Bruno Exposto; Gabriel Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Maurício Aredes; João L. Afonso. Experimental Evaluation of a Control System Based on a Dual-DSP Architecture for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner. Energies 2019, 12, 1694 .
AMA StyleLuís Monteiro, Bruno Exposto, Gabriel Pinto, Vitor Monteiro, Maurício Aredes, João L. Afonso. Experimental Evaluation of a Control System Based on a Dual-DSP Architecture for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner. Energies. 2019; 12 (9):1694.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuís Monteiro; Bruno Exposto; Gabriel Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Maurício Aredes; João L. Afonso. 2019. "Experimental Evaluation of a Control System Based on a Dual-DSP Architecture for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner." Energies 12, no. 9: 1694.
The experimental validation of a novel operation mode for electric vehicles (EVs) to support the grid power quality is presented. The proposed operation mode, denominated improved vehicle–for–grid (iV4G), is directly associated with the EVs operation aiming the compensation of power quality problems associated with current harmonic distortion and reactive power, improving the total power factor of the electrical installation. Simultaneously with the proposed iV4G, where the EV injects current harmonics and provides reactive power, the EV can exchange active power with the grid (grid–to–vehicle, G2V, to charge the batteries or vehicle–to–grid, V2G, to deliver energy back to the power grid). In this paper, the proposed iV4G operation mode is experimentally validated with a developed EV battery charger prototype connected to an electrical installation of 230 V, 16 A, 50 Hz. The control strategies of the iV4G operation mode and the used prototype are described in detail along the paper. The achieved results confirm the feasibility and good performance of the proposed iV4G operation mode, working alone, and also when associated with the G2V and V2G operating modes.
Vítor Monteiro; J.G. Pinto; João L. Afonso. Improved vehicle-for-grid (iV4G) mode: Novel operation mode for EVs battery chargers in smart grids. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 2019, 110, 579 -587.
AMA StyleVítor Monteiro, J.G. Pinto, João L. Afonso. Improved vehicle-for-grid (iV4G) mode: Novel operation mode for EVs battery chargers in smart grids. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2019; 110 ():579-587.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVítor Monteiro; J.G. Pinto; João L. Afonso. 2019. "Improved vehicle-for-grid (iV4G) mode: Novel operation mode for EVs battery chargers in smart grids." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 110, no. : 579-587.
Fast charging stations are a key element for the wide spreading of Electric Vehicles (EVs) by reducing the charging time to a range between 20 to 40 min. However, the integration of fast charging stations causes some adverse impacts on the Power Grid (PG), namely by the huge increase in the peak demand during short periods of time. This paper addresses the design of the power electronics converters for an EV DC fast charging station with local storage capability and easy interface of renewables. In the proposed topology, the energy storage capability is used to smooth the peak power demand, inherent to fast charging systems, and contributes to the stability of the PG. When integrated in a Smart Grid, the proposed topology may even return some of the stored energy back to the power grid, when necessary. The accomplishment of the aforementioned objectives requires a set of different power electronics converters that are described and discussed in this paper.
J. G. Pinto; Vítor Monteiro; Bruno Exposto; Luis A. M. Barros; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Luís F.C. Monteiro; João L. Afonso. Power Electronics Converters for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station with Storage Capability. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2019, 119 -130.
AMA StyleJ. G. Pinto, Vítor Monteiro, Bruno Exposto, Luis A. M. Barros, Tiago J. C. Sousa, Luís F.C. Monteiro, João L. Afonso. Power Electronics Converters for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station with Storage Capability. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. 2019; ():119-130.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. G. Pinto; Vítor Monteiro; Bruno Exposto; Luis A. M. Barros; Tiago J. C. Sousa; Luís F.C. Monteiro; João L. Afonso. 2019. "Power Electronics Converters for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station with Storage Capability." Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering , no. : 119-130.
This paper presents a performance comparison of a typical nonlinear load used in domestic appliances (electronic load), when supplied by an ac and a dc voltage of the same rms value. The performance of the nonlinear load towards its connection to ac and dc power grids is accomplished in terms of the waveforms which are registered in the consumed current, internal dc-link voltage and output voltage. A simulation model was developed using realistic database models of the power semiconductors comprising a nonlinear load with input ac-dc converter, so that the efficiency can be calculated and compared for three distinct cases: (1) load supplied by an ac voltage; (2) load supplied by a dc voltage; (3) load without the input ac-dc converter supplied by a dc voltage. Thus, besides the comparison between the ac and dc power grids supplying the same nonlinear load (cases 1 and 2), a third case is considered, which consists of removing the input ac-dc converter (eliminating needless components of the nonlinear load when supplied by a dc voltage). The obtained results show that supplying nonlinear loads with dc power grids is advantageous in relation to the ac power grid, and therefore it can be beneficial to adapt nonlinear loads to be powered by dc power grids.
Tiago J. C. Sousa; Vítor Monteiro; J. G. Pinto; João L. Afonso. Performance Comparison of a Typical Nonlinear Load Connected to Ac and Dc Power Grids. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2019, 54 -63.
AMA StyleTiago J. C. Sousa, Vítor Monteiro, J. G. Pinto, João L. Afonso. Performance Comparison of a Typical Nonlinear Load Connected to Ac and Dc Power Grids. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. 2019; ():54-63.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiago J. C. Sousa; Vítor Monteiro; J. G. Pinto; João L. Afonso. 2019. "Performance Comparison of a Typical Nonlinear Load Connected to Ac and Dc Power Grids." Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering , no. : 54-63.
As a contribution for sustainability, electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as one of the most effective influences in the transport sector. As complement to the challenges that entails the EVs integration into the grid considering the bidirectional operation (grid-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid), there are new concepts associated with the EV operation integrating various benefits for smart homes. In this sense, this paper proposes an improved voltage control of the EV operating as uninterruptible power supply (UPS) in smart homes. With the EV plugged-in into the smart home, it can act as an off-line UPS protecting the electrical appliances from power grid outages. Throughout the paper, the foremost advantages of the proposed voltage control strategy are comprehensively emphasized, establishing a comparison with the classical approach. Aiming to offer a sinusoidal voltage for linear and nonlinear electrical appliances, a pulse-width modulation with a multi-loop control scheme is used. A Kalman filter is used for decreasing significantly the time of detecting power outages and, consequently, the transition for the UPS mode. The experimental validation was executed with a bidirectional charger containing a double stage power conversion (an ac-dc interfacing the grid-side and a dc-dc interfacing the batteries-side) and a digital stage. The computer simulations and the acquired experimental results validate the proposed strategy in different conditions of operation.
Vítor Monteiro; Joao P. S. Catalão; Tiago J. C. Sousa; J. G. Pinto; Marcello Mezaroba; João L. Afonso. Improved Voltage Control of the Electric Vehicle Operating as UPS in Smart Homes. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2019, 1 -12.
AMA StyleVítor Monteiro, Joao P. S. Catalão, Tiago J. C. Sousa, J. G. Pinto, Marcello Mezaroba, João L. Afonso. Improved Voltage Control of the Electric Vehicle Operating as UPS in Smart Homes. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. 2019; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVítor Monteiro; Joao P. S. Catalão; Tiago J. C. Sousa; J. G. Pinto; Marcello Mezaroba; João L. Afonso. 2019. "Improved Voltage Control of the Electric Vehicle Operating as UPS in Smart Homes." Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering , no. : 1-12.
Tiago Sousa; Vítor Monteiro; J. G. Pinto; João Afonso. Performance Comparison of a Typical Nonlinear Load Supplied by ac and dc Voltages. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleTiago Sousa, Vítor Monteiro, J. G. Pinto, João Afonso. Performance Comparison of a Typical Nonlinear Load Supplied by ac and dc Voltages. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web. 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiago Sousa; Vítor Monteiro; J. G. Pinto; João Afonso. 2018. "Performance Comparison of a Typical Nonlinear Load Supplied by ac and dc Voltages." EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web , no. : 1.
Fast Charging Stations (FCS) are a key element for the wide spreading of Electric Vehicles (EVs), by reducing the charging time to a range between 20 to 40 minutes. However, the integration of FCS causes some adverse impacts on the Power Grid (PG), namely the huge increase in the peak demand during short periods of time. This paper addresses the design of power electronics converters for an EV DC FCS with local storage capability and easy interface of renewables. In the proposed architecture, the energy storage capability is used to smooth the peak power demand and contributes to stabilize the PG. When integrated in a smart grid, the proposed architecture may even return some of the stored energy back to the PG. The accomplishment of the aforementioned objectives requires a set of different power electronics converters, described and discussed along the paper. In order to demonstrate the potentialities of the proposed EV DC FCS architecture, four different case studies were analysed.
J.G. Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Bruno Exposto; Luis A. M. Barros; Tiago J.C. Sousa; L.F.C. Monteiro; João L. Afonso. Power Electronics Converters for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station with Energy Storage System and Renewable Energy Sources. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web 2018 .
AMA StyleJ.G. Pinto, Vitor Monteiro, Bruno Exposto, Luis A. M. Barros, Tiago J.C. Sousa, L.F.C. Monteiro, João L. Afonso. Power Electronics Converters for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station with Energy Storage System and Renewable Energy Sources. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web. 2018; ():.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ.G. Pinto; Vitor Monteiro; Bruno Exposto; Luis A. M. Barros; Tiago J.C. Sousa; L.F.C. Monteiro; João L. Afonso. 2018. "Power Electronics Converters for an Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station with Energy Storage System and Renewable Energy Sources." EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web , no. : .
This paper presents a single-phase Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) with a multilevel converter based on an asymmetric full-bridge topology capable of producing five distinct voltage levels. The calculation of the SAPF compensation current is based on the Generalized Theory of Instantaneous Reactive Power (p-q theory) modified to work in single-phase installations, complemented by a Phase-Locked Loop algorithm and by a dedicated algorithm to regulate the voltages in the DC-link capacitors. The control of the SAPF uses a closed loop predictive current control, followed by a multilevel Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation technique with two vertical distributed carriers, which were specially conceived to deal with the asymmetric nature of the converter legs. Along the paper, some simulation results are used to show the main characteristics of the 5-level converter and control algorithms, and the hardware topology and control algorithms are described in detail. In order to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed SAPF based on a 5-level converter, a laboratory prototype was developed and experimental results obtained under diverse conditions of operation, with linear and non-linear loads, are presented and discussed in this paper.
José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto; Rui Macedo; Vitor Monteiro; Luis Barros; Tiago Sousa; João L. Afonso. Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter Based on a 5-Level Converter Topology. Energies 2018, 11, 1019 .
AMA StyleJosé Gabriel Oliveira Pinto, Rui Macedo, Vitor Monteiro, Luis Barros, Tiago Sousa, João L. Afonso. Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter Based on a 5-Level Converter Topology. Energies. 2018; 11 (4):1019.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Gabriel Oliveira Pinto; Rui Macedo; Vitor Monteiro; Luis Barros; Tiago Sousa; João L. Afonso. 2018. "Single-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter Based on a 5-Level Converter Topology." Energies 11, no. 4: 1019.
This paper presents the analysis and the experimental validation of an off board three port integrated topology (TPIT) used to interface electric vehicles (EVs) and renewables from solar photovoltaic (PV) panels with the electrical power grid. The TPIT is composed by three power converters sharing a single common dc link, and it can operate in four different modes towards the future smart grids: (1) The EV batteries are charged with energy from the electrical power grid through the grid to vehicle (G2V) operation mode; (2) The EV batteries deliver part of the stored energy back to the power grid through the vehicle to grid (V2G) operation mode; (3) The energy produced by the PV panels is delivered to the electrical grid through the renewable to grid (R2G) operation mode; (4) The energy produced by the PV panels is used to charge the EV batteries through the renewable to vehicle (R2V) operation mode. In addition to individual action, the reorganization of these modes results in new combined operation modes. The paper presents the proposed power theory to control the TPIT, the current control strategies to manage the currents in ac and dc sides of the TPIT, and the details of the developed TPIT prototype, including the hardware and the digital control system. Experimental results that validate the TPIT operation modes are also presented.
Vitor Monteiro; J. Gabriel Pinto; Joao Luiz Afonso. Experimental Validation of a Three-Port Integrated Topology to Interface Electric Vehicles and Renewables With the Electrical Grid. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 2018, 14, 2364 -2374.
AMA StyleVitor Monteiro, J. Gabriel Pinto, Joao Luiz Afonso. Experimental Validation of a Three-Port Integrated Topology to Interface Electric Vehicles and Renewables With the Electrical Grid. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. 2018; 14 (6):2364-2374.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVitor Monteiro; J. Gabriel Pinto; Joao Luiz Afonso. 2018. "Experimental Validation of a Three-Port Integrated Topology to Interface Electric Vehicles and Renewables With the Electrical Grid." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 14, no. 6: 2364-2374.