The prominent electric vehicle technology, energy storage system, and voltage balancing circuits are most important in the automation industry for the global environment and economic issues. The energy storage system has a great demand for their high specific energy and power, high‐temperature tolerance, and long lifetime in the electric vehicle market. For reducing the individual battery or super capacitor cell‐damaging change, capacitive loss over the charging or discharging time and prolong the lifetime on the string, the cell balancing is compulsory. The electric vehicles drive train architecture, overall applicable energy storage system, and the balancing circuit categories as cell‐to‐heat, cell‐to‐cell, cell‐to‐pack, pack‐to‐cell, and cell‐to‐pack‐to‐cell are reviewed. The comparative study has shown the different key factors of market available electric vehicles, different types of energy storage systems, and voltage balancing circuits. The study will help the researcher improve the high efficient energy storage system and balancing circuit that is highly applicable to the electric vehicle.

Brushless DC Motor (BLDCM) is broadly utilized for some mechanical applications, given their high efficiency, high torque, and low volume. It is very hard to tune the parameters and accomplish full force highlights utilizing a basic custom PID controller. An adaptive PID controls can meet the highlights and are anything but difficult to enrol. The list items test that any adaptive PID controller has favoured both the PI controller and the customary Tahitian PID controller. This paper applies an Adaptive PID controller dependent on the extra blunder of a turn around control sign to comprehend non-linearity, parameter varieties, and burden travel issues that happen in the BLDC motor drive framework. The test results are exhibited to demonstrate that Adaptive PID controllers dependent on the extra mistake of the reverse control signal are fit for the following movement, just as diminishing the impact of parameter changes. The proposed adaptive PID controller model has done by MATLAB/SIMULINK.

At present, green technology is a major concern in every country around the world and electricity is a clean energy which encourages the acquisition of this technology. The main applications of electricity are made through the use of electric motors. Electric power is converted to mechanical energy using a motor, that is to say, the major applications of electrical energy are accomplished through electric motors. Brushless direct current (BLDC) motors have become very attractive in many applications due to its low maintenance costs and compact structure. The BLDC motors can be substituted to make the industries more dynamic. To get better performance BLDC motor requires control drive facilitating to control its speed and torque. This paper describes the design of the BLDC motor control system using in using MATLAB/SIMULINK software for Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) algorithm that can more effectively improve the speed control of these types of motors. The purpose of the paper is to provide an overview about the functionality and design of the PID controller. Finally, the study undergoes some well-functioning tests that will support that the PID regulator is far more applicable, better operational, and effective in achieving satisfactory control performance compared to other controllers.

Blockchain is one of the emerging technology in recent years in the field of information technology. Blockchain is a decentralized, traceable, temper proof, and trustworthy distributed database system operated by multiple nodes. Blockchain is used not only in cryptocurrency or electronic cash, but also in other applications such as financial transactions, healthcare, insurance, IoT, manufacturing, education, etc., with the promise of more skills and higher resilience. Over the past few years, a significant number of public announcements and news have been made about its goals, partnerships, development, and implementation. However, the most important aspects and discussions on issues related to blockchain security, challenges and policies have been raised around the world. Focus on blockchain security issues and this review paper reviewed 80 research papers. Notable works in this review article are on the concept of blockchain ecosystems, the division of blockchains, the implementation of blockchains and finally security issues and blockchain challenges. This review paper will be helpful for the new research work and safety related issues for blockchain.