El objetivo fue determinar si el estrés se constituye como un factor de riesgo en el rendimiento académico del estudiantado universitario durante el periodo de la pandemia de Covid-19 en Puno Perú. El estudio es de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo correlacional. El estrés se midió mediante la construcción del índice aditivo de Patients Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) y mediante el análisis factorial de componentes principales a partir de PHQ-9, y el riesgo académico se estimó con el método de regresión probit; la muestra consistió en un grupo de 1046 estudiantes de nivel universitario de tres programas de estudio. Los resultados muestran que el estudiantado que experimenta mayor nivel de estrés se encuentra más propenso a reportar un empeoramiento en sus calificaciones y logros de aprendizaje durante el tiempo de pandemia. Se evidencia que un aumento en una unidad adicional de estrés, aumenta el riesgo de deterioro de rendimiento académico aproximadamente en 3 %.

The objective of this article is to estimate the impact of the Pension 65 social program on per capita expenditures on food. The study is based on a quantitative methodological perspective, using the differences-in-differences technique with propensity score matching (DD-PSM). For this purpose, the database of the 2017-2018 National Household Survey (ENAHO) is used, both for the treatment and the control group. The units of analysis are Peruvian households at the national level that participated in the program for two consecutive years, with 2017 as the baseline. The results obtained indicate that per capita expenditure on food has increased by 15.02% for those households that receive the Pension 65 program.

The research is about the use of agrochemicals and organic fertilizers in the breeding of crops in the Aymara communities of Puno. The objective of the research is to describe and explain the practices and perceptions of farmers on the use of chemical and natural fertilizers in the production of various crops such as: tubers and grains, the characteristics of use and damage caused. For this, the qualitative-ethnographic methodology was used, with the help of techniques such as the interview, participant observation, theorical and practical experience and life stories, it allowed us to glimpse the context of the Aymara farmer. With the result of the research, a practice is perceived, that farmers combine agrochemical and natural fertilizers, in order to control pests and obtain better yields in production, they also show negative effects of the use of agrochemicals in production and human consumption, For this reason, some families are reoriented to invigorate in the communal and family organization on the traditional knowledge of the use of organic inputs in agriculture.

Experiential rural tourism requires the direct involvement of the local population and tourists. The purpose of the study was to detail and examine the progress and experiences of the implementation of this type of tourism. The elements studied include communication, mutual respect, socio-economic growth, cultural authenticity, shared cultural customs, reciprocity, appreciation of cultural identity and environment; as well as the perceptions and experiences of visitors and local inhabitants. The method used was qualitative, complemented with techniques such as detailed interviews with the local population and visitors, participant observation in the performance of this activity and content study. The outcome shows the complexity of this practice, underlining the relevance of a collaborative and participatory approach that ensures fairness, mutual respect and long-term sustainability for visitors and local inhabitants. Likewise, challenges and tensions linked to power, representation, authenticity and cultural integration are recognized, with the aim of optimizing the distribution of economic benefits for a more inclusive and responsible tourism.

The management of urban waste in the Provincial Municipality of Tambopata induces the environmental deterioration of the soil, water,and biodiversity along with the proliferation of diseases. The objective was to determine the citizens’ preference in reducing, recycling,reusing, recovering (4R) and their willingness to pay (DAP) for the elimination of urban waste from the classification level. Theinformation was collected through 406 surveys of heads of households by multiple-stage random sampling, complemented by in-depthinterviews; the method of choice experiments (EE) was used to determine the preference of the public user, using thelogitandmixlogitmodel to estimate the probability of the DAP. The results indicate that 68.72% of users do not recycle any waste, but are predisposedto do so. Of these, 28.72% have a preference for RR (waste collection) with the practice of “4R” for segregation purposes; 28.26% forDR (waste disposal) in sanitary landfill instead of open dumps; 26.08% bet on CR (zero waste) with implication of waste reduction; and16.94% choose Status quo of emotional state of the moment as undecided. In sum, 83.06% of citizens have the DAP in exchange foracceptable human health and socio-environmental well-being. It is concluded that the users of Puerto Maldonado have the willingness topay 122 soles per year, in exchange for the elimination of urban waste, being a leading part of sustainability. La gestión de residuos urbanos en la Municipalidad Provincial de Tambopata induce al deterioro medioambiental del suelo, del agua, ala biodiversidad junto a la proliferación de enfermedades. El objetivo fue determinar la preferencia de la ciudadanía en reducir, reciclar, reutilizar, recuperar (4R) y su disposición a pagar (DAP) por la eliminación de residuos urbanos a partir del nivel de clasificación.Se recolectó la información mediante 406 encuestas a jefes de familia al azar por muestreo por etapas múltiples complementado conentrevistas en profundidad; se utilizó el método de experimentos de elección (EE) para determinar la preferencia del público usuario,utilizando el modelologitymixlogitpara estimar la probabilidad de la DAP. Los resultados indican que 68.72 % de los usuarios norecicla ningún residuo, pero tienen la predisposición a efectuarlo. De ellas, 28.72 % tienen preferencia por RR (recojo de residuos) conpráctica de “4R” para fines de segregación; 28.26 % por DR (disposición de residuos) en relleno sanitario en lugar de botaderos a cieloabierto; 26.08 % apuesta por CR (cero residuos) con implicancia de reducción de residuos; y 16.94 % elige Status quo de estado emocionaldel momento como indecisos. En suma, la ciudadanía en 83.06 % tiene la DAP a cambio de salud humana aceptable y bienestar socioambiental. Se concluye, que los usuarios del Puerto Maldonado, tienen la disposición a pagar 122 soles anuales, a cambio de eliminaciónde residuos urbanos y ser parte protagónica de sustentabilidad.