Artificial intelligence (AI) and microbiome have emerged in recent years as transformative fields with far-reaching implications for various biomedical domains. This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis examining the intersection of AI and the microbiome (AIM). The study aims to provide information on this interdisciplinary fields research landscape, trends, and emerging topics. Using a systematic approach, data-driven studies were extracted from the Scopus database on 23 November 2023 and analyzed using the VOSviewer and Bibliometrix applications. The regression coefficient of 0.94 and the yearly growth rate of 7.46% in AIM production indicate a consistent increase over time. Identification of essential contributors, organizations, and nations illuminated cooperative networks and research hotspots. The trend themes are the gut microbiome, disease prediction, machine learning, transfer learning, categorization, big data, artificial neural networks, chronic rhinosinusitis, epidemiology, COPD, and bronchoalveolar lavage. These hot issues in AIM reflect the present emphasis on research and developments in our knowledge of the microbiomes function in health, sickness, and individualized treatment. The findings give researchers, policymakers, and industry experts a thorough picture of the research environment and guide future paths in AIMs fascinating and promising subject.

Background: Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease marked by severe gastrointestinal inflammation and a broad range of debilitating symptoms. Despite advances in medical treatments, achieving sustained remission remains challenging for many patients. This umbrella review aims to consolidate evidence from various systematic reviews to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapies in treating Crohn’s disease. Methods: This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and adhered to PRISMA guidelines. A literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library covered records up to 20 April 2024. Only systematic reviews and meta-analyses on stem cell therapy for Crohn’s disease were considered. Data were extracted and analyzed for clinical efficacy indicators like remission induction and safety metrics, including adverse events and mortality rates. Results: Sixteen systematic reviews were included, spanning studies conducted between 2009 and 2023. Stem cell therapy showed a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 1.299 (95% CI: 1.192–1.420) for clinical remission, indicating a 29.9% increased likelihood of remission compared to controls. The pooled RR for healing perianal Crohn’s disease was 1.358 (95% CI: 1.13–1.631), suggesting a 35.8% increased likelihood of healing. A pooled RR of 1.481 (95% CI: 1.036–2.116) shows a 48.1% higher immediate fistula closure rate with stem cell therapy. For long-term outcomes, a RR of 1.422 (95% CI: 1.091–1.854) indicates a 42.2% increased likelihood of maintaining closure. However, stem cell therapy did not significantly impact Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) (RR: 1.154, 95% CI: 0.193–6.883) and Perianal Disease Activity Index (PDAI) scores (mean difference at 12 weeks: −0.505, 95% CI: −2.481 to 1.471; mean difference at 24 weeks: −0.338, 95% CI: −1.638 to 0.963). The safety profile was comparable to conventional therapies, with a pooled RR of 0.972 (95% CI: 0.739–1.278) for adverse events and 1.136 (95% CI: 0.821–1.572) for serious adverse events. Conclusion: Stem cell therapy offers significant progress in treating Crohn’s disease, particularly in complex cases, by improving fistula closure rates and suggesting potential as a supplementary therapy. Its safety profile aligns with conventional treatments, yet ongoing clinical trials are crucial to optimize its use. Continual research will enable healthcare providers to tailor more effective treatment strategies for this challenging condition.

Background: Fistulas, abnormal connections between two anatomical structures, significantly impact the quality of life and can result from a variety of causes, including congenital defects, inflammatory conditions, and surgical complications. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising alternative due to its potential for regenerative and immunomodulatory effects. This overview of systematic reviews aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy in managing fistulas, drawing on the evidence available. Methods: This umbrella review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology to assess the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for treating various types of fistulas. A comprehensive search was performed across multiple electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Register, and Web of Science up to 5 May 2024. Systematic reviews focusing on stem cell therapy for fistulas were included, with data extracted on study design, stem cell types, administration methods, and outcomes. The quality of the reviews was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool, and meta-analyses were conducted using R software version 4.3. Results: Nineteen systematic reviews were included in our umbrella review. The stem cell therapy demonstrated by significant improvements in clinical remission rates, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.299 (95% CI: 1.192–1.420). Stem cell therapy enhanced fistula closure rates, both short-term (RR=1.481; 95% CI: 1.036–2.116) and long-term (RR=1.422; 95% CI: 1.091–1.854). The safety analysis revealed no significant increase in the risk of adverse events with stem cell therapy, showing a pooled RR of 0.972 (95% CI: 0.739–1.278) for general adverse events and 1.136 (95% CI: 0.821–1.572) for serious adverse events, both of which indicate a safety profile comparable to control treatments. Re-epithelialization rates also improved (RR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.322–1.572). Conclusion: Stem cell therapy shows promise as an effective and safe treatment for fistulas, particularly in inducing remission and promoting closure of complex fistulas. The findings advocate for further high-quality research to confirm these benefits and potentially incorporate stem cell therapy into standard clinical practice for fistula management. Future studies should focus on long-term outcomes and refining stem cell treatment protocols to optimize therapeutic efficacy.

Background/objectives Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a serine protease primarily produced by neutrophils, playing a pivotal role in various physiological and pathological processes. This study aimed to provide insights into the research landscape surrounding NE and its implications in the post-COVID-19 era. Methods The current study employed a cross-sectional design based on bibliometric analysis. Articles were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed quantitatively using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software to evaluate publication trends, authorship patterns, citation dynamics, and emerging research themes. Results The analysis highlighted countries and institutions significantly contributing to NE research, revealing global trends and hotspots. Collaboration patterns were assessed, showcasing productive partnerships within the field. Key research topics identified include NE’s roles in inflammation, tissue damage, and disease pathogenesis. The COVID-19 pandemic reshaped the thematic map of NE research, driving focus toward NE's involvement in COVID-19 pathophysiology, therapeutic interventions, and its role in complications associated with the disease. Conclusions This bibliometric analysis offers a comprehensive view of NE research, focusing on its functions, pathophysiological roles, and implications for diseases such as lung disorders and COVID-19, providing a foundation for future research directions.

The search for new treatments for Alzheimers disease (AD) has led to the exploration of plant-based drugs as potential options. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are widely used as anti-AD medications. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory mechanism of girinimbine, a constituent of Murraya koenigii, on AChE. AChE inhibition was assessed by in vitro experiments using the modified Ellman method, as well as in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation. The results were compared to those of the well-known anti-AChE agents tacrine and propidium iodide. Girinimbine, propidium, and tacrine at concentrations of 3.8X10-5M, 1.1x10-5M, and 6.1x10-7M showed percentages of inhibition percentages of 35.6%, 28.2%, and 76.6%, respectively. The docking and molecular dynamics simulation analyses indicated that girinimbine exhibited a higher binding affinity to AChE compared to propidium and tacrine. This finding was further confirmed by the docking, root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and radius of rotation analyses. In conclusion, M. koenigii girinimbine shows promise as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimers disease. Further research, including in vivo studies and clinical trials, is needed to explore its potential as a plant-based drug candidate for AD treatment.

Sleep deprivation research (SDR) has undergone substantial transformations in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. This comprehensive study explores the SDR’s evolving trends, hotspots, and conceptual structure in the post-COVID-19 era. Using bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software, we examined the SDR publications from January 2020 to December 2023. Core sources were identified using Bradford law, and a dataset of 4578 English-based data-driven studies was retrieved from the Scopus database. Our analysis revealed a remarkable annual growth rate of 37.92% in SDR from 2020 to 2023, indicating a heightened research focus in this domain. Among prolific authors, Shao emerged as a key contributor, while Sleep ranked prominently as a leading publication venue. The United States and China have emerged as the most impactful countries for advancing SDR research. Uncovering the most cited documents sheds light on various focal points within SDR, including sleep duration, mental health implications, cardiovascular events, the impact of COVID-19 on sleep patterns, dementia, resilience in children, and sleep patterns among preschoolers. Noteworthy keywords that emerged from the analysis encompassed “sleep deprivation,” “depression,” “insomnia,” “COVID-19,” “anxiety,” “fatigue,” and “obesity.” Using a thematic mapping approach, we delineated distinct themes characterized by niche, basic, emerging, and declining patterns. Clusters of SDR research were observed in areas such as “Fatigue,” “Sleep apnea,” “Sleep,” “Sleep deprivation,” “Migraine,” “Caffeine,” and “Recovery.” Furthermore, trending themes in SDR encompassed “Sleep disturbance,” “excessive daytime sleepiness,” and “Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid.” These comprehensive findings provide valuable insights into the current landscape of SDR, illuminating emerging trends, identifying hotspots, and offering directions for future research in this critical field.