El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el comportamiento productivo de dos líneas cárnicas de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) criados a nivel de la costa central del Perú. Se utilizaron dos líneas genéticas de cuyes durante la etapa de crecimiento y engorde: un grupo con 20 cuyes machos, progenie de cuyes mejorados en la sierra peruana, línea cárnica G, y otro grupo con 20 cuyes machos, mejorados en la costa peruana, línea cárnica H. Los cuyes fueron criados en jaulas individuales a partir del destete (15±2 días) hasta la semana 11, recibiendo un mismo régimen alimenticio a base de maíz chala forrajera, afrecho de trigo y agua fresca. El peso al nacimiento para los cuyes G y H fue de 146.5 ± 28.2 y 119.0 ± 19.2 g, respectivamente, el peso al destete fue de 306.5 ± 49.1 y 227.0 ± 58.2, respectivamente, y el peso a la semana 11 fue de 965.5 ± 100.1 y 868.0 ± 91.6, respectivamente (p<0.05 en todos los casos). No se encontró diferencia significativa en ganancia diaria de peso por día, ganancia de peso total, índice de conversión alimenticia y rendimiento de carcasa; sin embargo, los cuyes de la línea H mostraron un mayor consumo diario de alimento y consumo total de alimento y menor peso de carcasa que los cuyes de la línea G (p<0.05). Se concluye que los cuyes G presentan un mayor peso al beneficio (semana 11), así como un mayor peso de canal y mejor retribución económica que los cuyes H.

The objective of this study was to determine the productive parameters of guinea pigs of the G lineage at the level of the central coast of Peru. Information on productive data was collected from 180 parturitions of 39 breeding guinea pigs and 452 weaned individuals at 16.3 days between April 2016 and May 2017 from the Huaral experimental station of the IVITA Research Centre of the National University of San Marcos. The number of births (NN), number of live births (NNV), body weight at birth (PCrN), litter weight at birth (PCN), number of weaned animals (ND), body weight at weaning (PcrD), litter weight at weaning (PCD) and mortality rate (M). The results were: NN 2.82 +/- 1.14 pups per parturition (1-5 pups), NNV 2.80 +/- 1.13 pups, PCrN 139.3 +/- 30.9 g, PCN 389.6 +/- 121.3 g, ND 2.58 +/- 1.02 pups, PCrD 248.0 +/- 62.3 g, PCD 640.6 +/- 211.9 g and M8.89%. Only PCrD showed significant difference due to the number of parturition (p<0.05).

Coffee pulp is a by-product of the coffee industry. Due to conventional management techniques, it represents a severe environmental problem due to its negative impact on the soil (anaerobic fermentation and pH changes), water sources (the infiltration of pollutants into streams, acidification of water sources, and modification of microorganisms), and biodiversity (soil microbiology, fish, crustaceans, and other vertebrates). Therefore, it is essential to develop protocols for the treatment of this waste so that it can be used again in other productive activities under the circular economy approach. This means that all the waste from a production process can be reused, can generate value for the benefit of the producer, and, in turn, mitigate the environmental impact. The objective of this study was to evaluate the replacement of 5 levels of wheat bran (WB) with extruded coffee pulp flour (ECPF) as an alternative to a conventional fiber source in broiler finisher diets. A total of 300 Cobb 500 chickens in the finishing phase were assessed in the study, grouped in 5 treatments: T1, a conventional diet or control treatment (100% WB and 0% ECPF), T2 (75% WB and 25% ECPF), T3 (50% WB and 50% ECPF), T4 (25% WB and 75% ECPF), and T5 (0% WB and 100% ECPF). Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and intestinal morphometry (villus length: VL, villus width: VW, crypt depth: CD, villus height/crypt depth ratio: V/C, and villus surface area: VSA) were evaluated at the level of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Feed intake decreased correspondingly as the ECPF in the diet was increased, with statistical differences (p < 0.01) between their averages; the most significant weight gain (834.61 g) was evidenced with the T2 treatment, this being statistically different (p < 0.01) from T4 and T5; similarly, the best FCR (1.58) was evidenced with the T2 treatment, followed by the control treatment T1 (with 1.64); however, they were not statistically different (p > 0.05). All treatment results were similar to the VL control samples in the three intestinal portions, except for the T5 in the jejunum, which showed statistical differences from the control. In VW, the treatment results were similar to the control samples of the jejunum and ileum; however, in the duodenum, the T5 results showed the highest value (172.18 μm), being statistically different (p < 0.05) from the other treatments being evaluated. For CD, it was only in the duodenum that the T2 and T3 treatments were similar to the control. Likewise, for V/C in the duodenum, only the T2 results were similar to the control. There was no significant difference in the VSA among the different treatment groups. T2 showed better production parameters without altering the intestinal villi. In conclusion, ECPF is a potential input for use to replace up to 25% of WB in the feed of broilers in the finishing phase.

The aim of this study was to quantify fungi and mycotoxins in feeds stored in poultry farms. Feed samples were collected from 40 farms located in four districts of the province of Coronel Portillo, Ucayali, Peru. They were analysed through plate count for fungi in feed to determine quality (satisfactory, acceptable or unacceptable) and competitive ELISA test for mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxins, T2 toxin, fumonisin B1 and zearalenone). In the fungal count, 25% (10/40) of farms had unacceptable samples, with a slightly higher frequency from the laying stage (2/4, 50%) and the Campo Verde district (4/10, 40%). The highest averages in the counts were from the laying samples and from the Manantay district, respectively (1.68 x 105 and 1.11 x 105 CFU/g, respectively), but with no association between feed quality by type or origin (p>0.05). Moreover, 60% of the samples had aflatoxin B1 above the maximum permissible limits (MPL), with a slightly higher frequency in the laying samples (4/4, 100%), but with no difference in the feed by district (p>0.05). The starter feed and Callería district had slightly higher averages of aflatoxins, but with no significant differences between types or origin (p>0.05). Minimal amounts of the other mycotoxins were found. It is concluded that 25% of the samples were in unacceptable conditions and 60% were samples contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (>MPL).

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el rendimiento productivo de codornices (Coturnix coturnix japonica) de postura. El estudio se realizó en la granja de aves de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina en Lima, Perú. Se utilizaron 1296 codornices distribuidas en 96 hembras y 48 machos de tres edades (45, 52 y 59 días) con 130, 140 y 150 g de peso al inicio de la postura, respectivamente. Se empleó un diseño de bloques aleatorios con arreglo factorial 3² teniendo como factores edad y peso al inicio de postura y como bloque a las semanas de postura (8, 11 y 17). Las mejores conversiones alimenticias fueron de 3.67±0.36 y de 3.68±0.35, sin diferencias estadísticas entre ellas, y se obtuvieron cuando las aves iniciaron su postura con pesos de 130 y 140 g, respectivamente. La mayor masa de huevos (10.72±0.41 g/día/ave) se obtuvo cuando las aves iniciaron su postura con 150 g de peso vivo.

Se evaluó la producción de materia seca (MS) de la alfalfa (Medicago sativa), variedad Caravelí, por corte y por año, y su persistencia en el tiempo en una pradera de la Estación IVITA-Huaral de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Perú). La pastura fue instalada en 1 ha de terreno en la primavera de 2011, dividida en camas de 3 x 40 m, utilizando el método de siembra al voleo (35 kg/ha). El riego se realizó periódicamente. El cultivo fue sometido a pastoreo con vacas lecheras, a partir del tercer corte cuando presentaba 10% de floración. Entre diciembre de 2011 a noviembre de 2014 realizaron 28 cortes. La MS en el primer, segundo y tercer año tuvo una media por corte de 373.3, 395.0 y 409.6 g/m2, respectivamente (p