In the course of the power sector development a great attention is paid to the sources of small (distributed) generation. Distributed energetics allows flexible control of the system itself and energy losses reduction during transmission to consumers. Herewith, the most promising direction in the framework of energy conservation is usage of renewable sources. Exposition of the possibility of renewable sources use in the distributed generation system is an actual problem. The selection conditions of a wind farm in the distributed generation system are considered in the article.

The paper presents the results of simulation and study of operating modes of a photovoltaic power plant with the maximum power point tracking controller. A number of search methods are considered: constant voltage method, open voltage method, short circuit method, method of observing perturbations and incremental conductance method. A complex model of the photovoltaic power plant with the controller has been developed. The simulation results are presented. The model validity was evaluated by the known technical characteristics of the Solarex MSX 60 module. The calculation results proved that the obtained volt-ampere and volt-watt characteristics of the model are compatible with those of the manufacturer. The review of various methods of searching the maximum power point for the solar battery and analysis of their performance under different climatic conditions can be of interest for a broad range of experts in the field of photovoltaics.

This paper deals with the possibility of using renewable energy sources (RES) for the efficient energy supply to consumers that may reduce energy consumption costs. Renewable energy is considered as an additional source in the proposed system of integrated power supply. This system provides conditions for the efficient energy supply by selecting rational combination of traditional and renewable energy sources. Rational combination of energy resources depends on conditions of efficient use of renewable energy. The problem may be solved based on study of system supply and consumption modes for transformed renewable energy.

For the purpose of efficient heating, when the energy prices are raising, it is necessary to use renewable energy sources which can reduce the costs of consumed energy by replacing organic fuel. Solar energy and the heat current of groundwater flows are considered to be renewable sources. As energy sources, they are low-potential. To convert them, it is necessary to evaluate their energy. Thus, the sunshine duration and the heat current of groundwater flows within the Chelyabinsk region are studied with the help of stochastic modeling and assessed as energy resources. The schematic map of distributing the heat current throughout the region is made up to determine the heat potential in any area that does not have stationary observing.

The article is devoted to an overview of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS according to GOST R 59517–2021, or in a number of publications – unmanned aerial vehicles or drones) capable of delivering various cargoes. The options for their application in various fields, including agriculture and forestry, fishing, wildlife protection, air quality monitoring, mining, defense and civilian use, search and rescue operations, are given and briefly analyzed. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the identified capabilities of unmanned aircraft systems in terms of cargo delivery for various purposes, as well as the availability of infrastructures when receiving cargo for further transportation and its delivery at the place of delivery. The history of the development of unmanned vehicle technologies is given. The relevant standards of the Russian Federation, classification and categorization of UAS in the Russian Federation and abroad are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of UAS are described, as well as the problems of delivering mail using drones. Conclusions are drawn about the desire of developers and trends to create intelligent, fully automatic robotic aviation systems, however, it is noted that fully automatic systems do not yet exist in the world, therefore, this area of development is relevant. It is concluded that it is necessary to carry out scientific and technical developments in terms of creating automatic delivery of mail and other items, especially relevant for megacities in which the largest part of the population of developed countries is concentrated. At the same time, it is obvious that the delivery system should consist of at least three stages – warehouse sorting, direct flight and navigation, and cargo shipment to the appropriate post office. Each stage is an infrastructural concept with a complex system and logistics that requires artificial intelligence, robotic devices, and other elements and attributes of complex systems that are subject to comprehensive study in technical, legislative, legal, and logistical terms.

Since the creation of the first parallel electrical power systems around the world, the rotor angle stability of synchronously operating generators has been one of the most crucial and challenging problems. In modern electricity networks, including in Kazakhstan, where renewable energy technologies are rapidly emerging, the issue of stability takes on even greater importance due to the technical shortcomings of inverter-based generation. In this framework, an analysis of rotor angle transient stability was carried out when replacing existing synchronous generators with doubly fed induction generators under a certain pre-emergency mode. A critical proportion of active power generation by DFIG units was identified at which transient stability can still be maintained due to the sufficient stored kinetic energy of the synchronous machines remaining in operation. In addition, two simple solutions were investigated to improve transient stability, such as an increased time of the automatic reclosure operation and the use of special load-shedding automation. Finally, this paper proposes a novel type of flexible smart-grid automation that is capable of monitoring the main operating parameters and issuing control actions depending on inertia, the availability of wind resources, and the load of the system as a whole. For this analysis, a real power system from the Mangystau region in Kazakhstan was considered, and the PowerWorld software 23 was used.