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Gas turbines are designed to run on specific fuels such as conventional fuels, so researchers are working to find alternative fuels as biodiesel. The purpose of this study is predicting the engine performance and emissions rate for the KingTech K180 turbojet engine running on dual biodiesel and its blend with Jet-A fuel. Besides that, this paper explores the different effect between dual blends and single blend. The fuel parameters were calculated based on each fuel's physicochemical properties to produce nine different blends of dual biodiesel (B10-Jet, B30-Jet, B50-Jet, B70-Jet, and B90-Jet) and a single biodiesel blend (POME50: Jet-A50). Then the heat of combustion for each blend was obtained using the GasTurb Details-6. After that, the design point was determined of the specific engine and operates it using alternative fuels to analyze the performance and emissions characteristics (CO, CO2, and NOx). This study found that the B10-Jet blend gave the best specific fuel consumption (SFC) value, 42.43 (g/kN.s). It also produced a lower emissions rate for CO and CO2 than Jet-A fuel and other blends. While emission index NOx was high for all blends, except B10-Jet fuel value was close to Jet-A fuel emission value.
Yazan S.M. Altarazi; Abd Rahim Abu Talib; Ezanee Gires; Jianglong Yu; John Lucas; Talal Yusaf. Performance and exhaust emissions rate of small-scale turbojet engine running on dual biodiesel blends using Gasturb. Energy 2021, 232, 120971 .
AMA StyleYazan S.M. Altarazi, Abd Rahim Abu Talib, Ezanee Gires, Jianglong Yu, John Lucas, Talal Yusaf. Performance and exhaust emissions rate of small-scale turbojet engine running on dual biodiesel blends using Gasturb. Energy. 2021; 232 ():120971.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYazan S.M. Altarazi; Abd Rahim Abu Talib; Ezanee Gires; Jianglong Yu; John Lucas; Talal Yusaf. 2021. "Performance and exhaust emissions rate of small-scale turbojet engine running on dual biodiesel blends using Gasturb." Energy 232, no. : 120971.
In recent years, biodiesel has been demonstrated to offer a suitable level of reliability and attracted the attention of many researchers. Accordingly, various studies have been carried out to account for the biodiesel production and application, producing valuable reports and findings. In this research study, the effects of biodiesel on engine noise were studied on the basis of a time–frequency analysis. To do so, the acquired acoustic signal was initially filtered and denoised. Then the signal was transferred to the time–frequency SPL domain using short-time Fourier transform. In the A weighted signal, the SPL of all treatments were compared using an innovative visual technique. In this novel approach, the values of area percentages of the obtained SPL in the time–frequency domain were used to compare the propagated noise due to variables. The method revealed a consistent trend for all fuel blends at all engine rotational speeds. The analysis results showed that B10 (10% methyl/ethyl ester and 90% diesel fuel) and B30 had the lowest and highest A-Weighted SPL, respectively. Additionally, it was found that the engine had a maximum sensitivity for all fuel blends at an engine rotation speed of 1600 RPM. Moreover, Z-weighted (linear) signal processing was used to investigate what happens in a complete thermodynamic cycle at 1600 RPM. The developed time–frequency methodology successfully exposed all of the important acoustic events of the engine. The results of this study showed that the most effective acoustic events in engine noise were combustion, piston slap, and outlet valve closing. Furthermore, higher percentages of biodiesel blends resulted in longer combustion duration.
Nemat Siavash; Golamhassan Najafi; Sayed Hassan-Beygi; Hossain Ahmadian; Barat Ghobadian; Talal Yusaf; Mohammed Mazlan. Time–Frequency Analysis of Diesel Engine Noise Using Biodiesel Fuel Blends. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3489 .
AMA StyleNemat Siavash, Golamhassan Najafi, Sayed Hassan-Beygi, Hossain Ahmadian, Barat Ghobadian, Talal Yusaf, Mohammed Mazlan. Time–Frequency Analysis of Diesel Engine Noise Using Biodiesel Fuel Blends. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3489.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNemat Siavash; Golamhassan Najafi; Sayed Hassan-Beygi; Hossain Ahmadian; Barat Ghobadian; Talal Yusaf; Mohammed Mazlan. 2021. "Time–Frequency Analysis of Diesel Engine Noise Using Biodiesel Fuel Blends." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3489.
This study provides a meta-analysis of renewable landscape energies in Iran. In order to do this effectively, we identify and estimate the amount of wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and tidal energy in Iran, identifying the potential for exchanging RE with neighboring countries, and methods for utilizing these energies in architectural design and landscape design. Data used are collecting from local and world databases and presented for analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that the level of achievements of the stated goals is generally low. The plurality of RE documents and offices, lack of operational programs and sub-optimal use of private sector capacity are the main weaknesses. It is further concluded that if conditions were more conducive to private sector participation and appropriate operational and action plans were adopted, Iran could supply solar energy to Azerbaijan, wind energy to Turkmenistan and Afghanistan, and can supply Iraq with hydropower. Ultimately it is proposed that the adoption of a comprehensive and integrated RE policy which minimizes the number of policy documents and concentrates RE management in a small number of offices is an important factor in facilitating the success of renewable energies in Iran.
Maryam Norouzi; Mansour Yeganeh; Talal Yusaf. Landscape framework for the exploitation of renewable energy resources and potentials in urban scale (case study: Iran). Renewable Energy 2020, 163, 300 -319.
AMA StyleMaryam Norouzi, Mansour Yeganeh, Talal Yusaf. Landscape framework for the exploitation of renewable energy resources and potentials in urban scale (case study: Iran). Renewable Energy. 2020; 163 ():300-319.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaryam Norouzi; Mansour Yeganeh; Talal Yusaf. 2020. "Landscape framework for the exploitation of renewable energy resources and potentials in urban scale (case study: Iran)." Renewable Energy 163, no. : 300-319.
Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that has been widely used in recent years. There are various resources used as biodiesel feedstocks, including animal fats, waste oils, and vegetable oils. In the present study, Chrozophora tinctoria seed oil is introduced as a new biodiesel feedstock. C. tinctoria is a weed and non-edible plant. So, the primary cost of this resource is very low, and hence it can be considered as a biodiesel source. This plant can also grow in most weather conditions. In the present study, the research team tried to produce biodiesel from C. tinctoria seeds through a transesterification reaction. To intensify the transesterification reaction, an ultrasonic device was used. In order to perform the transesterification reaction, potassium hydroxide was used as a catalyst. Important parameters, such as the reaction temperature, reaction time, molar ratio of methanol, and concentration of the catalyst, were adjusted. Based on the adjusted conditions, a biodiesel yield of 84% was attained. The properties of the C. tinctoria biodiesel was compared with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard. The results show the properties of a biodiesel: the density, kinematic viscosity, pour point, flash point, cloud point, and acid number are 0.868 g/cm3, 3.74 mPa, −7 °C, 169 °C, 4 °C, and 0.43 mg, respectively. The specification properties of C. tinctoria biodiesel can thus pass the requirement of the ASTM standard. So, C. tinctoria seed oil can be used as a suitable fuel source instead of petroleum-derived fuels.
Seyed Salar Hoseini; Gholamhassan Najafi; Armin Fattahpour Moazzez; Saeid Hazrati; Mohammad Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. Potential of Chrozophora tinctoria Seed Oil as a Biodiesel Resource. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 3473 .
AMA StyleSeyed Salar Hoseini, Gholamhassan Najafi, Armin Fattahpour Moazzez, Saeid Hazrati, Mohammad Taghi Ebadi, Talal Yusaf. Potential of Chrozophora tinctoria Seed Oil as a Biodiesel Resource. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (10):3473.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeyed Salar Hoseini; Gholamhassan Najafi; Armin Fattahpour Moazzez; Saeid Hazrati; Mohammad Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. 2020. "Potential of Chrozophora tinctoria Seed Oil as a Biodiesel Resource." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10: 3473.
Today, application of cavity receivers in solar concentrator systems is suggested as an interesting and novelty research subject for increasing thermal performance. In this research, a parabolic trough concentrator (PTC) with a rectangular cavity receiver was energetically investigated. The cavity receiver was studied with smooth and corrugated tubes. Different solar heat transfer fluids were considered, including water, air, and thermal oil. The effect of different operational parameters, as well as structural parameters, was investigated. The results showed that the linear rectangular cavity receiver with corrugated tube showed higher amounts of the absorbed heat and energy performance compared to the smooth tube as the cavity tube. Thermal performance of the rectangular cavity was improved using the application of water as the solar heat transfer fluid, which was followed by thermal oil and, finally, air, as the solar heat transfer fluid. Finally, it could be recommended that the rectangular cavity receiver with smooth tube using air as the solar heat transfer fluid is more appropriate for coupling this system with a Bryton cycle, whereas the rectangular cavity receiver with the corrugated tube using water or oil as the solar heat transfer fluid is recommended for achieving higher outlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid.
Alireza Rafiei; Reyhaneh Loni; Gholamhassan Najafi; Talal Yusaf. Study of PTC System with Rectangular Cavity Receiver with Different Receiver Tube Shapes Using Oil, Water and Air. Energies 2020, 13, 2114 .
AMA StyleAlireza Rafiei, Reyhaneh Loni, Gholamhassan Najafi, Talal Yusaf. Study of PTC System with Rectangular Cavity Receiver with Different Receiver Tube Shapes Using Oil, Water and Air. Energies. 2020; 13 (8):2114.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlireza Rafiei; Reyhaneh Loni; Gholamhassan Najafi; Talal Yusaf. 2020. "Study of PTC System with Rectangular Cavity Receiver with Different Receiver Tube Shapes Using Oil, Water and Air." Energies 13, no. 8: 2114.
S.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; B. Ghobadian; R. Mamat; Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. Characterization of biodiesel production (ultrasonic-assisted) from evening-primroses (Oenothera lamarckiana) as novel feedstock and its effect on CI engine parameters. Renewable Energy 2019, 130, 50 -60.
AMA StyleS.S. Hoseini, G. Najafi, B. Ghobadian, R. Mamat, Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi, Talal Yusaf. Characterization of biodiesel production (ultrasonic-assisted) from evening-primroses (Oenothera lamarckiana) as novel feedstock and its effect on CI engine parameters. Renewable Energy. 2019; 130 ():50-60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; B. Ghobadian; R. Mamat; Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. 2019. "Characterization of biodiesel production (ultrasonic-assisted) from evening-primroses (Oenothera lamarckiana) as novel feedstock and its effect on CI engine parameters." Renewable Energy 130, no. : 50-60.
The isomers of butanol have slightly different properties, which can be exploited to improve combustion characteristics. To investigate the potential of this concept, normal-butanol (nB) and iso-butanol (isoB) were blended together in four different ratios (5% of each, 10% of each, and 7% plus 13% of each in both variations, by volume) with conventional diesel. The experimental data were analyzed via analysis of variance to evaluate significant differences between engine parameters. Brake power for the 5% isoB–5% normal-butanol–90% diesel blend was slightly improved while specific fuel consumption was increased with the increase in all dual blends. The high blend ratios of isoB (10% and 13% isoB) produced higher peak in-cylinder pressures and heat release rates as well as a substantial reduction in carbon monoxide emissions. The higher blend ratios of nB (10% and 13% nB) produced much lower unburnt hydrocarbon emissions because the energy required to crack the C–H bonds of nB is less than that required for isoB. Therefore, the hydrocarbons are more easily oxygenated. A slight reduction was found in NOx emissions when increasing either nB or isoB, with nB being slightly more effective. Therefore, a blend of n- and isoB could be a promising alternative to a single isomer additive (iso/nB) to optimize engine performance.
Sattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf. Mixtures of n-butanol and iso-butanol blended with diesel: experimental investigation of combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission levels in a compression ignition engine. Biofuels 2018, 1 -10.
AMA StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim, Andrew P. Wandel, Talal Yusaf. Mixtures of n-butanol and iso-butanol blended with diesel: experimental investigation of combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission levels in a compression ignition engine. Biofuels. 2018; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "Mixtures of n-butanol and iso-butanol blended with diesel: experimental investigation of combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission levels in a compression ignition engine." Biofuels , no. : 1-10.
This research aims to develop an optimal continuous process to produce fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) from waste cooking oil using a series of shockwave power reactors. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was used to design the experiment and to analyze five operating parameters: ratio of rotor diameter to stator diameter (Dr/Ds), ratio of cavity diameter to rotor diameter (Dc/Dr), ratio of cavity depth to gap between rotor and stator (dc/∆r), rotational speed of rotor (N), and Residence time (Tr). The optimum conditions were determined to be Dr/Ds = 0.73, Dc/Dr = 0.06, dc/∆r = 0.50, 25,510.55 rpm rotational speed of rotor, and 30.10 s residence times under this condition. Regarding the results, the most important parameter in shockwave power reactor (SPR) reactors was ratio of rotor diameter to stator diameter (Dr/Ds). The optimum predicted and actual FAME yield was 98.53% and 96.62%, respectively, which demonstrates that RSM is a reliable method for modeling the current procedure.
Ahmad Abbaszadeh-Mayvan; Barat Ghobadian; Gholamhassan Najafi; Talal Yusaf. Intensification of Continuous Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oils Using Shockwave Power Reactor: Process Evaluation and Optimization through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Energies 2018, 11, 2845 .
AMA StyleAhmad Abbaszadeh-Mayvan, Barat Ghobadian, Gholamhassan Najafi, Talal Yusaf. Intensification of Continuous Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oils Using Shockwave Power Reactor: Process Evaluation and Optimization through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Energies. 2018; 11 (10):2845.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Abbaszadeh-Mayvan; Barat Ghobadian; Gholamhassan Najafi; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "Intensification of Continuous Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oils Using Shockwave Power Reactor: Process Evaluation and Optimization through Response Surface Methodology (RSM)." Energies 11, no. 10: 2845.
In the present research work, a neural network model has been developed to predict the exhaust emissions and performance of a compression ignition engine. The significance and novelty of the work, with respect to existing literature, is the application of sensitivity analysis and an artificial neural network (ANN) simultaneously in order to predict the engine parameters. The inputs of the model were engine load (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%), engine speed (1700, 2100, 2500 and 2900 rpm) and the percent of biodiesel fuel derived from waste cooking oil in diesel fuel (B0, B5, B10, B15 and B20). The relationship between the input parameters and engine cylinder performance and emissions can be determined by the network. The global sensitivity analysis results show that all the investigated factors are effective on the created model and cannot be ignored. In addition, it is found that the most emissions decreased while using biodiesel fuel in the compression ignition engine.
Farzad Jaliliantabar; Barat Ghobadian; Gholamhassan Najafi; Talal Yusaf. Artificial Neural Network Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of Performance and Emissions in a Compression Ignition Engine Using Biodiesel Fuel. Energies 2018, 11, 2410 .
AMA StyleFarzad Jaliliantabar, Barat Ghobadian, Gholamhassan Najafi, Talal Yusaf. Artificial Neural Network Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of Performance and Emissions in a Compression Ignition Engine Using Biodiesel Fuel. Energies. 2018; 11 (9):2410.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFarzad Jaliliantabar; Barat Ghobadian; Gholamhassan Najafi; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "Artificial Neural Network Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis of Performance and Emissions in a Compression Ignition Engine Using Biodiesel Fuel." Energies 11, no. 9: 2410.
Increasing energy demands and more stringent legislation relating to pollutants such as nitrogen oxide (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) from fossil fuels have accelerated the use of biofuels such as biodiesel. However, current limitations of using biodiesel as an alternative fuel for CI engines include a higher viscosity and higher NOx emissions. This is a major issue that could be improved by blending biodiesel with alcohols. This paper investigates the effect of a butanol–acetone mixture (BA) as an additive blended with biodiesel to improve the latter's properties. Macroscopic spray characteristics (spray penetration, spray cone angle and spray volume) were measured in constant volume vessel (CVV) at two injection pressures. A high-speed camera was used to record spray images. The spray's edge was determined using an automatic threshold calculation algorithm to locate the spray outline (edge) from the binary images. In addition, an engine test was carried out experimentally on a single-cylinder diesel engine. The engine's performance was measured using in-cylinder pressure, brake power (BP) and specific fuel consumption (SFC). Emission characteristics NOx, CO and UHC were also measured. Neat biodiesel and three blends of biodiesel with up to 30% added BA were tested. The experimental data were analyzed via ANOVA to evaluate whether variations in parameters due to the different fuels were significant. The results showed that BA can enhance the spray characteristics of biodiesel by increasing both the spray penetration length and the contact surface area, thereby improving air–fuel mixing. The peak in-cylinder pressure for 30% BA was comparable to neat diesel and higher than that of neat biodiesel. Brake power (BP) was slightly improved for 10% BA at an engine speed of 2000 rpm while SFC was not significantly higher for any of the BA-biodiesel blends because of the smaller heating value of BA. Comparing the effect on emissions of adding BA to biodiesel, increasing the amount of BA reduced NOx and CO (7%) and (40%) respectively compared to neat biodiesel, but increased UHC.
Sattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf; Saddam Al-Lwayzy. Butanol–acetone mixture blended with cottonseed biodiesel: Spray characteristics evolution, combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2018, 37, 4729 -4739.
AMA StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim, Andrew P. Wandel, Talal Yusaf, Saddam Al-Lwayzy. Butanol–acetone mixture blended with cottonseed biodiesel: Spray characteristics evolution, combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. 2018; 37 (4):4729-4739.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf; Saddam Al-Lwayzy. 2018. "Butanol–acetone mixture blended with cottonseed biodiesel: Spray characteristics evolution, combustion characteristics, engine performance and emission." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 37, no. 4: 4729-4739.
The present study investigated the effect of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles, as novel fuel additives, on the engine performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. The GO nanoparticles were mixed with B0, B10, and B20 Ailanthus altissima biodiesel blends. The graphene oxide nanoparticles, at concentrations of 30, 60, and 90 ppm, were dispersed into each fuel blend by ultrasonication. Throughout this study, engine testing was performed at a constant speed of 2100 rpm and loads of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Performance and emission characteristics, including power, torque, specific fuel consumption (SFC), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), and CO, CO2, unburned-hydrocarbon (UHC), and NOx emissions, were investigated. study revealed that, under the same conditions, most performance characteristics, such as power, torque, and EGT, significantly increased through the addition of GO to fuel blends, while SFC significantly decreased. The GO-nanoparticle additives facilitated significant reductions in CO and UHC emissions (approximately 7–20% and 15–28%, respectively); however, under the same conditions, slight increases in CO2 and NOx emissions (approximately 6–10% and 5–8%, respectively) were observed. On the basis of the experimental results, we conclude that fuel blends composed of nanographene oxide, Ailanthus altissima biodiesel, and diesel can be introduced as environmentally friendly fuels.
S.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; B. Ghobadian; R. Mamat; Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. Novel environmentally friendly fuel: The effects of nanographene oxide additives on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines fuelled with Ailanthus altissima biodiesel. Renewable Energy 2018, 125, 283 -294.
AMA StyleS.S. Hoseini, G. Najafi, B. Ghobadian, R. Mamat, Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi, Talal Yusaf. Novel environmentally friendly fuel: The effects of nanographene oxide additives on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines fuelled with Ailanthus altissima biodiesel. Renewable Energy. 2018; 125 ():283-294.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; B. Ghobadian; R. Mamat; Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "Novel environmentally friendly fuel: The effects of nanographene oxide additives on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines fuelled with Ailanthus altissima biodiesel." Renewable Energy 125, no. : 283-294.
In this study, experiments were conducted on a four-cylinder spark-ignition engine to investigate the effects of iso-butanol additives in ethanol-gasoline blend on fuel properties, performance and emission characteristics of a SI engine. The engine tests were carried out at 50% wide open throttle and variations of engine speed from 3000 to 5000 RPM with an interval of 1000 RPM. The engine was fueled with base gasoline fuel, ethanol-gasoline blended fuel at 10% volume percentage of ethanol (E10) and three different fuel blends of iso-butanol additives; 5%, 10% and 15%, in E10 blended fuel denoted as E10B5, E10B10 and E10B15, respectively. Physicochemical properties tests were conducted in this study to evaluate the fuel heating value, kinematic viscosity and density, which have been selected due to their influences on engine performance and exhaust emissions. Results of heating value showed a decreasing pattern for the blended fuel samples compared with that of base gasoline fuel as E10, E10B5, E10B10 and E10B15 produced 2.33%, 3.14%, 5.06%, and 5.31%, respectively. However, as alcohol concentration increases in the blended fuel samples, the density and kinematic viscosity were both increased with maximum values of 0.767 g/cm3 and 1.15 mm2/s, respectively obtained for E10B15. In terms of engine performance, the blended fuel samples exhibited higher brake power than that of base gasoline fuel with mean increase of 7.71%, 10.21%, 10.89% and 11.54% for E10, E10B5, E10B10 and E10B15, respectively. Significant reduction in brake specific fuel consumption obtained with E10, E10B5, E10B10 and E10B15 by mean of 3.57%, 5.15%, 7.14% and 10.89% respectively, compared to base gasoline fuel. Noticeable improvement of brake thermal efficiency observed with the blended fuel at a maximum increment of 18.91% achieved by E10B15. High combustion temperature produced by the blended fuel samples have been contributed to the higher exhaust gas temperature. Accordingly, the emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon were all reduced; except for carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide, with the addition of iso-butanol additive compared to those of ethanol-gasoline blend and base gasoline fuel.
M.S.M. Zaharin; N.R. Abdullah; H.H. Masjuki; Obed Ali; G. Najafi; Talal Yusaf. Evaluation on physicochemical properties of iso-butanol additives in ethanol-gasoline blend on performance and emission characteristics of a spark-ignition engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018, 144, 960 -971.
AMA StyleM.S.M. Zaharin, N.R. Abdullah, H.H. Masjuki, Obed Ali, G. Najafi, Talal Yusaf. Evaluation on physicochemical properties of iso-butanol additives in ethanol-gasoline blend on performance and emission characteristics of a spark-ignition engine. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2018; 144 ():960-971.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM.S.M. Zaharin; N.R. Abdullah; H.H. Masjuki; Obed Ali; G. Najafi; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "Evaluation on physicochemical properties of iso-butanol additives in ethanol-gasoline blend on performance and emission characteristics of a spark-ignition engine." Applied Thermal Engineering 144, no. : 960-971.
K Sudhakar; R. Mamat; M. Samykano; W.H. Azmi; Madya Dr. Wan Mohd Faizal bin Wan Ishak; Talal Yusaf. An overview of marine macroalgae as bioresource. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2018, 91, 165 -179.
AMA StyleK Sudhakar, R. Mamat, M. Samykano, W.H. Azmi, Madya Dr. Wan Mohd Faizal bin Wan Ishak, Talal Yusaf. An overview of marine macroalgae as bioresource. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2018; 91 ():165-179.
Chicago/Turabian StyleK Sudhakar; R. Mamat; M. Samykano; W.H. Azmi; Madya Dr. Wan Mohd Faizal bin Wan Ishak; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "An overview of marine macroalgae as bioresource." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 91, no. : 165-179.
In this study, the heat transfer characteristics of three types of EGR coolers, such as Shell and tube-type EGR cooler (6mm), Shell and tube-type EGR cooler (8mm), and stack type-EGR cooler, were numerically investigated. The accuracy of predictions was verified by experimental results. A maximum difference between the numerical result and the experimental result for heat transfer efficiency of 9.22% was obtained. The results showed that the heat transfer efficiency of stack type-EGR cooler is higher of 36.6% and 27.7% than Shell and tube-type EGR cooler (6mm) and Shell and tube-type EGR cooler (8mm) was higher respectively. The results showed by increasing the mass flow rate, the heat transfer efficiency in the stack type-EGR cooler almost remain constant. When the stack type-EGR cooler is used, the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number improve significantly compared to the Shell and tube-type EGR cooler (6mm) and Shell and tube-type EGR cooler (8mm).
S.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; Barat Ghobadian; Talal Yusaf; Rizalman Mamat. Experimental and numerical analysis of flow and heat transfer characteristics of EGR cooler in diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018, 140, 745 -758.
AMA StyleS.S. Hoseini, G. Najafi, Barat Ghobadian, Talal Yusaf, Rizalman Mamat. Experimental and numerical analysis of flow and heat transfer characteristics of EGR cooler in diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2018; 140 ():745-758.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; Barat Ghobadian; Talal Yusaf; Rizalman Mamat. 2018. "Experimental and numerical analysis of flow and heat transfer characteristics of EGR cooler in diesel engine." Applied Thermal Engineering 140, no. : 745-758.
In this research, a new cultivar of Camelina “Soheil” seed oil (CSO) was investigated as a novel feedstock for biodiesel production. Maximum oil content of CSO seed was about 29%. Physical and chemical characteristics of CSO were investigated. The biodiesel production process was optimized by using the response surface methodology (RSM) reaction parameters, including molar ratio (methanol to oil), reaction time, and concentration of catalyst are studied. The result showed that the conversion of biodiesel was 98.91% under the optimized conditions of 10.18:1 molar ratio and 1.15 wt % concentration of catalyst for a reaction time of 7.33 min. By investigating the properties of the fuel, it turned out that biodiesel from new cultivar of CSO oil complied with the limits prescribed in the ASTM D6751 standards, and that this seed oil could be introduced as a new feedstock for biodiesel production. Also, the performance and emission of a diesel engine were investigated with CSO biodiesel. All of the engine experiments were performed under the constant speed of 2100 rpm at loads of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Results indicated that by using the biodiesel-diesel blends, the brake power, and the CO2 and NOx emissions increased, while the SFC and CO and UHC emissions decreased.
Seyed Salar Hoseini; Gholamhassam Najafi; Barat Ghobadian; Talal Yusaf; Mohammad Taghi Ebadi. The Effects of Camelina “Soheil” as a Novel Biodiesel Fuel on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 1010 .
AMA StyleSeyed Salar Hoseini, Gholamhassam Najafi, Barat Ghobadian, Talal Yusaf, Mohammad Taghi Ebadi. The Effects of Camelina “Soheil” as a Novel Biodiesel Fuel on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (6):1010.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSeyed Salar Hoseini; Gholamhassam Najafi; Barat Ghobadian; Talal Yusaf; Mohammad Taghi Ebadi. 2018. "The Effects of Camelina “Soheil” as a Novel Biodiesel Fuel on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine." Applied Sciences 8, no. 6: 1010.
In the present study, the drying and combustion of solid biomass residues are developed. The combustion of the residues inside a boiler and a stove have been done. We used three types of solid biomass residues (i.e., cork, pine pellet and olive pomace). These residues have been dried by using screw dryers. Experimental installation has been used for a series of thermal drying tests of the residues by measuring the temperature inside the dryer and their moisture contents. A laboratory screw dryer was used to dry the olive pomace by using hot gases from a chimney of a biomass stove. Elemental and proximate analyses, as well as the higher heating value (HHV) of the raw materials, have been determined. In the experiments, moisture content variation of the residues and drying temperatures are obtained. These residues are dried several times under the same drying conditions to achieve the final moisture content rate. On the other hand, the temperature of combustion chamber of the boiler has been measured under different conditions. It has been found that by increasing hot gas temperature, the drying rate is increased. Finally, it has been found that the drying of these residues increases their calorific values and reduces the emissions.
Awf Al-Kassir; Pedro Coelho; Justo García-Sanz-Calcedo; Francisco J. Moral; Raúl Kassir Al-Karany; Talal Yusaf. An Experimental Technology of Drying and Clean Combustion of Biomass Residues. Applied Sciences 2018, 8, 905 .
AMA StyleAwf Al-Kassir, Pedro Coelho, Justo García-Sanz-Calcedo, Francisco J. Moral, Raúl Kassir Al-Karany, Talal Yusaf. An Experimental Technology of Drying and Clean Combustion of Biomass Residues. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8 (6):905.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAwf Al-Kassir; Pedro Coelho; Justo García-Sanz-Calcedo; Francisco J. Moral; Raúl Kassir Al-Karany; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "An Experimental Technology of Drying and Clean Combustion of Biomass Residues." Applied Sciences 8, no. 6: 905.
Optimising the combustion process in compression ignition (CI) engines is of interest in current research as a potential means to reduce fuel consumption and emission levels. Combustion optimisation can be achieved as a result of understanding the relationship between spraying technique and combustion characteristics. Understanding macroscopic characteristics of spray is an important step in predicting combustion behaviour. This study investigates the impact of injector hole diameter on macroscopic spray characteristics (spray penetration, spray cone angle, and spray volume) of butanol-diesel blends. In the current study, a Bosch (0.18 mm diameter) and a Delphi (0.198 mm) injector were used. Spray tests were carried out in a constant volume vessel (CVV) under different injection conditions. The test blends were injected using a solenoid injector with a common rail injection system and images captured using a high-speed camera. The experimental results showed that the spray penetration (S) was increased with larger hole diameter. Spray penetration of a 20% butanol-80% diesel blend was slightly further than that of neat diesel. Spray penetration of all test fuels was increased as a result of increased injection pressure (IP), while spray cone angle (θ) was slightly widened due to the increase in either hole diameter or injection pressure. Spray volume of all test fuels was increased as a result of increased hole diameter or injection pressure. Thus, an efficient diesel engine performance can be achieved as a result of controlling injection characteristics, especially when using a promising additive like butanol blended with diesel.
Sattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf. The Impact of Injector Hole Diameter on Spray Behaviour for Butanol-Diesel Blends. Energies 2018, 11, 1298 .
AMA StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim, Andrew P. Wandel, Talal Yusaf. The Impact of Injector Hole Diameter on Spray Behaviour for Butanol-Diesel Blends. Energies. 2018; 11 (5):1298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "The Impact of Injector Hole Diameter on Spray Behaviour for Butanol-Diesel Blends." Energies 11, no. 5: 1298.
S.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; B. Ghobadian; R. Mamat; Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. Ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven) seed oil: Characterisation and optimisation of ultrasonication-assisted biodiesel production. Fuel 2018, 220, 621 -630.
AMA StyleS.S. Hoseini, G. Najafi, B. Ghobadian, R. Mamat, Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi, Talal Yusaf. Ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven) seed oil: Characterisation and optimisation of ultrasonication-assisted biodiesel production. Fuel. 2018; 220 ():621-630.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS.S. Hoseini; G. Najafi; B. Ghobadian; R. Mamat; Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi; Talal Yusaf. 2018. "Ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven) seed oil: Characterisation and optimisation of ultrasonication-assisted biodiesel production." Fuel 220, no. : 621-630.
This study has focused on the PM emissions of diesel engines. Diesel engines are attractive power units that are used widely in many fields and have become one of the larger contributors of total petroleum consumption. However, diesel engines are among the main contributors of emissions into the air, especially particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). PM is one of the major pollutants emitted by diesel engines and has adverse effects on human health. Accordingly, many studies have been conducted to find alternative fuels that are clean and efficient. Biodiesel, which produces less PM than diesel fuel, is preferred as an alternative source for diesel engines. Therefore, using palm oil methyl ester (POME) for diesel engines would be a more economical and sustainable solution. This study has focused on the PM emissions of diesel engines fuelled by a diesel and POME blend (B5, B10, B20, and B100). A comparison between diesel and the POME blend has been made which involves PM mass concentration and its components (soluble organic fraction (SOF) and dry soot (DS)). Combustion characteristics, such as in-cylinder pressure and rate of heat release of the engine, as well as gaseous emissions, have also been observed at different operating engine loads (0.05 MPa 20%, 0.4 MPa 40%, and 0.7 MPa 60%). The results show that PM emissions of B100 are lower than those of diesel fuel owing to the oxygen content of POME. With regard to the SOF concentration, B100 has a higher SOF value than diesel fuel at all engine loads. Meanwhile, the DS for B100 is lower than that of diesel fuel. Moreover, as the engine load increased, PM and SOF concentrations increased, while DS concentration decreased. The observation of in-cylinder pressure showed that the increment of pressure with the increasing POME blend, as well as the increasing engine load due to the high cetane number for B100, led to a short ignition delay. The engine brake thermal efficiency between the POME blend and mineral diesel was comparable. Furthermore, B100 fuels showed lower engine power at higher brake-specific fuel consumption compared to other tested fuels. In terms of gaseous emissions, increasing POME blends led to an increase in NOx emissions. Meanwhile, as the engine load increased, NOx also continued to increase. The effect of the POME blend on the PM-NOx trade-off observation showed that B100 simultaneously increased the NOx and decreased the PM emissions. It can be concluded that POME creates a lower PM concentration while giving some negative feedback to NOx.
Ahmad Fitri Yusop; Rizalman Mamat; Talal Yusaf; Gholamhassan Najafi; Mohd Hafizil Mat Yasin; Akasyah Mohd Khathri. Analysis of Particulate Matter (PM) Emissions in Diesel Engines Using Palm Oil Biodiesel Blended with Diesel Fuel. Energies 2018, 11, 1039 .
AMA StyleAhmad Fitri Yusop, Rizalman Mamat, Talal Yusaf, Gholamhassan Najafi, Mohd Hafizil Mat Yasin, Akasyah Mohd Khathri. Analysis of Particulate Matter (PM) Emissions in Diesel Engines Using Palm Oil Biodiesel Blended with Diesel Fuel. Energies. 2018; 11 (5):1039.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhmad Fitri Yusop; Rizalman Mamat; Talal Yusaf; Gholamhassan Najafi; Mohd Hafizil Mat Yasin; Akasyah Mohd Khathri. 2018. "Analysis of Particulate Matter (PM) Emissions in Diesel Engines Using Palm Oil Biodiesel Blended with Diesel Fuel." Energies 11, no. 5: 1039.
Butanol-acetone (BA) mixture is considered a green energy resource because it releases fewer emissions than other fuels. BA can produce via fermentation from biomass (agricultural waste and residues) that is non-edible. The benefits of butanol have been supported by many studies as additive fuel for conventional diesel due to its exceptional fuel properties such as high burning velocity and heating value. However, the cost of butanol production is the main issue of using it as a fuel because of high recovery and production costs. It is cheaper to produce BA than butanol because it is not necessary to separate the butanol from other chemicals in the biofuel. Many researchers have investigated the fermentation process to produce a fuel mixture of acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) with a 3:6:1 ratio. However, a number of studies demonstrate the drawbacks of using ethanol as an additive for diesel engines because of unsuitable properties for diesel engine such as lower heating value, cetane number and corrosion behaviour so BA with no ethanol is a better additive for diesel than ABE. This paper investigates the effect of using a butanol/acetone (BA)-diesel blend on exhaust gas emissions and engine performance. The test was performed for different blend ratios of BA to diesel (10BA90D, 20BA80D and 30BA70D) at engine speeds of 1400, 2000 2600 RPM in a single-cylinder diesel engine. This study has shown that brake power (BP) is maximum at 10% BA at all engine speed, approximately 5% higher than D100. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of 10% BA was comparable with D100 at all engine speeds, but was slightly increased by 6% and 8% at all engine speeds when the BA ratio was 20% and 30% respectively. CO emission levels have a significant decrease for all BA blend with a maximum 64% reduction than D100; CO2 emission was correlated with BP; NOx decreased at all BA blend with a maximum 10% reduction than D100; and the exhaust gas temperature decreased for all BA blend by 15.6% compared to D100. BA is shown to be a good renewable fuel additive to diesel because it can improve energy efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.
Sattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf; Saddam Al-Lwayzy; Ihsan Hamawand. Impact of butanol-acetone mixture as a fuel additive on diesel engine performance and emissions. Fuel 2018, 227, 118 -126.
AMA StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim, Andrew P. Wandel, Talal Yusaf, Saddam Al-Lwayzy, Ihsan Hamawand. Impact of butanol-acetone mixture as a fuel additive on diesel engine performance and emissions. Fuel. 2018; 227 ():118-126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSattar Jabbar Murad Algayyim; Andrew P. Wandel; Talal Yusaf; Saddam Al-Lwayzy; Ihsan Hamawand. 2018. "Impact of butanol-acetone mixture as a fuel additive on diesel engine performance and emissions." Fuel 227, no. : 118-126.