To improve the greenness and deformability of engineered cementitious composites (ECC), recycled powder (RP) from construction and demolition waste with an average size of 45 μm and crumb rubber (CR) of two particle sizes (40CR and 80CR) were used as supplements in the mix. In the present study, fly ash and silica sand used in ECC were replaced by RP (50% and 100% by weight) and CR (13% and 30% by weight), respectively. The tension test and compression test demonstrated that RP and CR incorporation has a positive effect on the deformability of ECC, especially on the tensile strain capacity. The highest tensile strain capacity was up to 12%, which is almost 3 times that of the average ECC. The fiber bridging capacity obtained from a single crack tension test and the matrix fracture toughness obtained from 3-point bending were used to analyze the influence of RP and CR at the meso-scale. It is indicated that the replacement of sand by CR lowers the matrix fracture toughness without decreasing the fiber bridging capacity. Accordingly, an explanation was achieved for the exceeding deformability of ECC incorporated with RP and CR based on the pseudo-strain hardening (PSH) index.

The short-term flexural behavior of prestressed glulam beams reinforced with curved tendons was investigated via four-point bending of 12 glulam beams. These beams were equally divided into four groups of three identical specimens: one group of unreinforced beams, one group of prestressed beams reinforced with straight tendons, and two groups of prestressed beams reinforced with parabolic tendons. For the last two groups, the initial prestress force was applied in two levels. The results revealed that, in contrast to the failure mode of the unreinforced beams, the failure mode of the prestressed beams changed from brittle failure to ductile failure. The flexural capacity and the flexural stiffness of the prestressed glulam beams reinforced with straight tendons increased by 56.9% and 14.9%, respectively, compared with that of the unreinforced beams; for prestressed beams reinforced with parabolic tendons, the capacity and the stiffness increased by 54.4%–75.5% and 14.2%–15.5%, respectively. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model for predicting the flexural stiffness and capacity of prestressed glulam beams was proposed. This model was validated with the test data.