The study examined the role of perceived CSR in deriving customer loyalty by exploring direct and mediated effects of corporate reputation and customer satisfaction in Pakistan’s food chains. The data were collected through a survey method from 322 customers of McDonald’s in Pakistan during October 2019 and January 2020. The collected information was then analyzed through the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique to test the hypothesized relationships. The results revealed a significant positive impact of perceived CSR on customer loyalty, corporate reputation, and customer satisfaction. Further, customer satisfaction and corporate reputation appeared to mediate the relationship between perceived CSR and customer loyalty.

Digital transformation (DT) plays an essential role in banking performance. Through assisting banks in reaching more clients and investors. However, since there is a gap in the literature about the relationship of digital trading systems along with dividend policies and banks’ performance, the current paper seeks to answer whether the digital trading system mediates the Granger causalities of dividends along with the performance of listed banks in Jordan, from January 2013 to December 2024. Therefore, error correction model (ECM) findings revealed that banks’ performance (measured through market capitalization, index of Z-score index, and stock price growth) is significantly related to dividend payout policy, over the long run. It is also found that trading electronically is significant in mediating Granger causality between dividends and market capitalization. Moreover, since banks’ decisions regarding paying dividends improve the activity of digital trading, it is concluded that the digital trading system plays an important role in improving banks’ performance. Moreover, the study recommends that investors rely on dividend payout policy and trading activity to make more valuable and accurate investment decisions.

Due to digital transformation in finance, researchers have paid dramatic attention to evaluating the impact of financial technology on regional innovation efficiency. Hence, since Fintech’s ability is found to significantly influence local innovation, the current research was primarily designed to scrutinize the relationship between financial technology (Fintech) and regional innovation efficiency in Jordan. Moreover, by utilizing the dynamic spatial Durbin model, the study provided empirical evidence for the impact of Fintech's spatial spillover in a sample of 12 Jordanian Governorates for the period 2013-2022. Consequently, the findings proved that there is a noteworthy worldwide spatial correlation and time dependence of regional innovation efficiency during the study period. Additionally, Fintech improves regional innovation efficiency, and this effect has a large positive spatial spillover. Therefore, the study recommends that the financial sector in Jordan use innovative strategies and financial technology to boost regional innovation efficiency and technological innovation.

The digital transformation in financial services industry has stimulated most banks to include technologically enabled techniques in their banking operations in an attempt to improve their efficiencies. Therefore, the term "fintech" has garnered a significant attention in both practice and academia, especially since the 2008–9 Financial Crisis. However, due to the shortcomings in available literature regarding the role of digital transformation in the efficiency of Jordanian banking sector, this research purpose is to investigate whether the adoption of financial technology influences the efficiency of Jordanian listed banks during the period 2015-2024. For this causal research, the study employed the Fixed effect and Random effect approaches to analyze a panel data set form the listed banks that implemented emerging technologies. The findings indicate that fintech investment (INR and ING) considerably improves bank efficiency, whereas bank age moderates this effect negatively due to slow technology adoption. Established banks, on the other hand, continue to be more efficient in general, owing to their expertise and reputation. It is concluded that the bank fintech negates bank efficiency as well as the investments of banks in technological innovation are confirmed to be ineffective.

Background: For over two years now, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic detrimentally affected people worldwide, creating a research impetus since the rise of infections and deaths. While there are still many things to learn about COVID-19, it is important to consider the knowledge of medical students, as they may serve as the frontline in the future if the crisis persists. Aim: To assess the level of knowledge on COVID-19 among health care university students of Umm Al-Qura, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A survey was conducted between April–July 2021 at the healthcare colleges of Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. A questionnaire was developed by researchers to determine students’ knowledge about COVID-19 disease, etiology, symptoms, risk factors, complication, prevention, mode of transmission, incubation period, and disease management among healthcare students of Umm Al-Qura University in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was designed and developed based on an extensive literature review, including recent studies about COVID-19 disease, and was modified from previously published studies. Results: Most (91.9%) respondents had a fair knowledge of COVID-19 and were considered a moderate level. Generally, it is seen that senior students had good knowledge (30.86±6.20) compared to junior students (29.89±5.41) with (P = 0.009). With regards to the knowledge of pharmacy students about the medical questions of the COVID-19 virus, we found about half of them reported that the viral load predicts the severity of COVID-19 virus-related symptoms. Furthermore, most of the pharmacy students, 157 (67.4%), agreed that COVID-19 symptoms are worse among diabetics. Conclusion: Health university students of Umm Al-Qura in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, had a fair knowledge of COVID-19 and were considered at a moderate level. Generally, it is seen that senior students had better knowledge than junior students.

The current study aiming at finding out the extent of awareness of the importance of cyber security among dealers using financial technology instruments and the role played by technology infrastructures. A questionnaire was employed to study this association. 370 questionnaires were issued to employees at three Jordanian banks, ranging from the frontline to the management level. It was shown that there is a statistically significant connection between the utilization of Fintech tools and cyber security.