In this article, the definition of the current density field at current collection was reduced only to the calculation of the thermal (resistive) action of the electric current. These procedures must include consideration of the bending stiffness of the contact wires to calculate the distribution of the pressing force on the contact wire between the current collecting plates. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing methods for calculating the dynamics of mechanical interaction of the current collector with the chain suspension. As a result of computer modeling in the Comsol Multiphysics software package, the volumetric power density of resistive heating from the intrinsic resistance of the contact wire was determined.

The study provides an institutional strategic assessment of the development of electric mobility in the Republic of Kazakhstan, taking into account international trends and national characteristics. Market diagnostics are based on statistics, regulatory and legal analysis, surveys of electric vehicle owners, and interviews with stakeholders. This study represents one of the first integrated institutional and strategic assessments of the development of electric mobility in Kazakhstan, combining regulatory analysis, consumer survey data, stakeholder interviews and semi-quantitative structures of PESTEL and SWOT in the context of the emerging electric vehicle market in Central Asia. The market’s high sensitivity to institutional policy is demonstrated: with state support, the strategic position becomes stable (SWOT index +1.65), and without it, critically vulnerable (−4.05). The conclusions of the study form a scientifically sound basis for the development of a comprehensive state program for the development of electric mobility, focused on regulatory unification, infrastructure modernization, and institutional coordination.

This paper presents a comprehensive study aimed at improving the efficiency of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) through the enhancement of their aerodynamic and mechanical structures. The research is based on coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and finite element analysis (FEA). The airflow around the UAV was modeled using the Navier–Stokes equations, while the structural behavior was described by the equations of linear elasticity. A UAV configuration with a wingspan of 1.8 m and a mass-optimized structure was investigated for flight speeds in the range of 10–35 m/s and angles of attack from −5° to +15°. The results of the aerodynamic optimization, including airfoil thickness variation and smoothing of the wing–fuselage junction, showed a reduction in the drag coefficient by 9–12% and an increase in the lift-to-drag ratio by up to 11% in the cruise regime. The structural optimization based on replacing aluminum with a carbon-fiber composite material led to a reduction in the structural mass by 13–16%, a reduction in the structural strength criterion value by 18–22%, as confirmed by the Tsai–Wu failure analysis, and a reduction in wing-tip deflection by 20–25% under 3 g and 5 g load cases, while satisfying strength and stiffness requirements. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed integrated aerodynamic and structural optimization approach significantly improves the overall performance, efficiency, and operational reliability of UAV systems.

Reliable wireless connectivity in underground public transportation can vary with train position because rolling stock modifies propagation paths and local interference conditions. This study proposes a transport-state-aware radio-planning framework for a three-node distributed antenna system (DAS) in a reference underground metro station. A three-dimensional 3.5 GHz reference station model, three operating states (empty station, train at platform, and train entering), a discrete set of 69 candidate antenna positions, and multi-objective placement/power optimization are combined to evaluate received power, SNIR, joint service coverage, and serving-area balance. The optimized configuration increased worst-state joint service coverage from 66.12% to 68.26%, improved worst-state P5 received power from −71.92 to −71.49 dBm, and reduced aggregate transmit power from 753.57 to 682.49 mW. The mean serving-area coefficient of variation decreased from 0.202 to 0.114. Threshold analysis showed that the optimized layout was advantageous at moderate and high SNIR requirements but not at a relaxed 5 dB criterion. The results support treating underground DAS deployment as a transport-state-aware infrastructure-planning problem rather than a static geometric-spacing problem.