Background/Objectives: Levothyroxine (L-T4) is available for use in congenital hypothyroidism (CH) in three formulations: tablets, drops, and oral solution. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of all three L-T4 formulations. Methods: We enrolled 63 children born between January 2019 and April 2023 in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy) and diagnosed with CH by newborn screening. They were divided according to the L-T4 formulation used: drops (Group D), oral solution (Group S), and tablets (Group T). Clinical and laboratory data were collected up to 3 years after the start of replacement therapy. Results: Serum-free thyroxine (sFT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (sTSH) normalization occurred within the first month of treatment in most patients of all groups. No negative effects on growth and cognitive development were observed. At 7–15 days we found higher median sTSH levels (p = 0.031) and a greater percentage of patients with sTSH > 5 µU/mL (p = 0.011) in Group S than in Group T, but comparable sFT4 levels. At 12 months, a greater percentage of patients of Group D showed sFT4 values below the normal range than Group S (p = 0.011) and Group T (p = 0.038); Conclusions: Overall, our study reported an equal efficacy of the L-T4 oral solution compared to drops and tablets in CH treatment. A larger series of patients and a long-term follow-up are needed.

Background/Objectives: Childhood and adolescent obesity is a growing public health concern in Jordan, with implications for both physical and psychological well-being. While obesity’s physical effects are well-documented, less is known about its broader association with adolescents’ quality of life (QoL), particularly in Middle Eastern contexts. This study aimed to investigate the associations between weight status, psychosocial factors, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among Jordanian adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the associations between weight status, psychosocial factors, and HRQoL among Jordanian adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 719 adolescents (63.3% female) aged 11–18, recruited from public schools and pediatric clinics in three regions of Jordan. Data were collected using validated questionnaires assessing demographics, health behaviors, mental health (PHQ-9, GAD-7, SMFQ), and HRQoL (PedsQL 4.0). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine direct and indirect pathways predicting physical and psychological QoL. Results: Bullying emerged as a key mediator between weight status and QoL, particularly for physical well-being. Depression and anxiety were significant predictors of poorer psychological QoL. Positive school experience, academic performance, physical activity, and paternal education were positively associated with QoL. Nutritional habits were inversely associated with anxiety levels. Model fit indices supported the adequacy of both the physical and psychological QoL models. Conclusions: The findings highlight the interconnected relationship of weight-related stigma, school environment, and lifestyle behaviors on adolescent well-being. Multi-component, school-based interventions targeting bullying, physical activity, and mental health literacy may be effective in improving QoL in this population.

Background/Objectives: Cytochrome 1B1 (CYP1B1) is overexpressed in several cancers, contributing to carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and chemoresistance. Despite its known oncogenic role, its expression in bone sarcomas remains unknown. Methods: This study assessed CYP1B1 expression in osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays and analyzed corresponding transcriptomic profiles from public RNA-seq datasets. Associations with clinicopathological features, survival, drug sensitivity, and protein–protein interaction networks were also investigated. Results: CYP1B1 was overexpressed in 72.3% of bone sarcomas (78% of osteosarcomas and 82.1% of chondrosarcomas) and was significantly underexpressed in normal bone (12.5%, p < 0.001). Importantly, high CYP1B1 expression was found in younger patients (≤34 years; p = 0.013), but no other associations with tumor grade, size, or metastasis were observed. The mean survival rate of CYP1B1-positive patients was insignificantly shorter than that of negative patients (58.8 vs. 62.8 months; p = 0.170). Although not confirmed in the multivariate analysis, CYP1B1-positive patients had poorer survival in the univariate analysis, which may reflect tumor aggressiveness rather than prognostic value. Transcriptomic data showed significantly lower CYP1B1 mRNA in osteosarcoma versus normal bone, suggesting post-transcriptional or translational regulation. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed both positive and negative correlations between CYP1B1 expression and response to various compounds in the GDSC dataset, highlighting potential therapeutic implications. Conclusions: Despite low mRNA levels, CYP1B1 protein is consistently and selectively overexpressed in bone sarcomas, particularly in younger patients. While not prognostic, its expression profile warrants further investigation and evaluation as a therapeutic target or diagnostic biomarker, especially in refractory or advanced cases.

Background/Objectives: Teachers are often the first adults responsible for supporting students with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during the school day. This study assessed schoolteachers’ diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, emergency readiness, and routine school practices in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among teachers working in public and private schools in Jordan between February and April 2026. The final sample included 604 teachers. Multivariable relationships were examined using path analysis in R with full information maximum likelihood. Results: The median age was 43 years (IQR: 38–47), 88.6% of participants were women, and 15.9% had received prior diabetes-related training. Median composite scores were 11/14 (IQR: 9–12) for knowledge, 43/50 (IQR: 39–46) for attitudes, 23/35 (IQR: 18–28) for emergency readiness, and 24/30 (IQR: 20–26) for routine practices. The path model showed close fit indices (chi-square(1) = 0.243, p = 0.622; CFI = 1.00; RMSEA = 0.00; SRMR = 0.001), although these indices were interpreted cautiously because the model had only one degree of freedom. Greater knowledge was associated with more favorable attitudes (beta = 0.374, p < 0.001), and more favorable attitudes were associated with better emergency readiness (beta = 0.141, p < 0.001) and routine practices (beta = 0.244, p < 0.001). Teachers with prior diabetes-related training also reported higher attitudes, emergency readiness, and routine practice scores. Conclusions: Jordanian teachers appeared willing to support students with diabetes, but this willingness was not matched by consistent emergency preparedness. Targeted training and stronger school-level protocols are needed to improve the safety and quality of diabetes care in schools.