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The study aims to investigate the fire performance of reinforced concrete (RC) slab fabricated from high volume fly ash inclusion with nano-silica (HVFANS) under ISO 834 load curve. The HVFANS concrete slab with dimensions of 1850 mm × 1700 mm × 200 mm was tested via an electrical furnace under an exposing temperature of 1100 °C for 120 min. The slab behaviour was evaluated in terms of residual compressive strength, temperature distribution along its thickness, spalling, and cracks. The results revealed that the slab was capable of maintaining 62.19% of its original compressive strength at room temperature after exposure to the above temperature. Moreover, the distribution of temperature revealed that the temperature of concrete cover and bottom reinforcement was less than 300 °C with a maximum spalling depth of 11 mm within the temperature range of 680 to 840 °C. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity index (K) of the HVFANS concrete was determined, and results indicated that thermal conductivity equalled 0.35 W/mK which is considered low, as compared with other concretes tested in current and previous studies.
Mohamed Mussa; Noor Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul Mutalib. Fire Resistance of High-Volume Fly Ash RC Slab Inclusion with Nano-Silica. Materials 2021, 14, 3311 .
AMA StyleMohamed Mussa, Noor Radzi, Roszilah Hamid, Azrul Mutalib. Fire Resistance of High-Volume Fly Ash RC Slab Inclusion with Nano-Silica. Materials. 2021; 14 (12):3311.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed Mussa; Noor Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul Mutalib. 2021. "Fire Resistance of High-Volume Fly Ash RC Slab Inclusion with Nano-Silica." Materials 14, no. 12: 3311.
Rapid growth in industrial development has raised the concern of proper disposal of the by-products generated in industries. Many of them may cause serious pollution to the air, land, and water if dumped in open landfills. Agricultural and municipal wastes also cause environmental issues if not managed properly. Besides, minimizing the carbon footprint has become a priority in every industry to slow down global warming and climate change effects. The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) obtained from agricultural, industrial, municipal, and natural sources can decrease a significant amount of fossil fuel burning by reducing cement production and contribute to proper waste management. Also, SCMs can enhance desirable material properties like flowability, strength, and durability. Such materials may play a big role to meet the need of modern time for resilient construction. The effective application of SCMs in cement-based materials requires a clear understanding of their physical and chemical characteristics. Researchers studied how the flowability, strength, and durability properties of structural mortar change with the replacement of cement with different SCMs. Various experiments were conducted to examine the behavior of structural mortar in extreme conditions (e.g., high temperature). Many scholars have attempted to improve its performance with various treatment techniques. This article is an attempt to bring all the major findings of the recent relevant studies together, identify research gaps in the current state of knowledge on the utilization of SCMs in structural mortar, and give several recommendations for further study. The available results from recent studies have been reviewed, analyzed, and summarized in this article. A collection of the updated experimental findings will encourage and ease the use of various by-products and wastes as SCMs in structural mortar for sustainable construction.
Shamir Sakir; Sudharshan N. Raman; Safiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Azrul A. Mutalib. Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3888 .
AMA StyleShamir Sakir, Sudharshan N. Raman, Safiuddin, A. B. M. Amrul Kaish, Azrul A. Mutalib. Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3888.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShamir Sakir; Sudharshan N. Raman; Safiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Azrul A. Mutalib. 2020. "Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3888.
Reinforced concretes (RC) have been widely used in constructions. In construction, one of the critical elements carrying a high percentage of the weight is columns which were not used to design to absorb large dynamic load like surface bursts. This study focuses on investigating blast load parameters to design of RC columns to withstand blast detonation. The numerical model is based on finite element analysis using LS-DYNA. Numerical results are validated against blast field tests available in the literature. Couples of simulations are performed with changing blast parameters to study effects of various scaled distances on the nonlinear behavior of RC columns. According to simulation results, the scaled distance has a substantial influence on the blast response of RC columns. With lower scaled distance, higher peak pressure and larger pressure impulse are applied on the RC column. Eventually, keeping the scaled distance unchanged, increasing the charge weight or shorter standoff distance cause more damage to the RC column. Intensive studies are carried out to investigate the effects of scaled distance and charge weight on the damage degree and residual axial load carrying capacity of RC columns with various column width, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and concrete strength. Results of this research will be used to assessment the effect of an explosion on the dynamic behavior of RC columns.
Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Chunwei Zhang; Javad Mehrmashhadi; Sudharshan Naidu Raman; Roozbeh Alipour; Tohid Momeni; Mohamed H. Mussa. Large deflection behavior effect in reinforced concrete columns exposed to extreme dynamic loads. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, 14, 532 -553.
AMA StyleMasoud Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Chunwei Zhang, Javad Mehrmashhadi, Sudharshan Naidu Raman, Roozbeh Alipour, Tohid Momeni, Mohamed H. Mussa. Large deflection behavior effect in reinforced concrete columns exposed to extreme dynamic loads. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering. 2020; 14 (2):532-553.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Chunwei Zhang; Javad Mehrmashhadi; Sudharshan Naidu Raman; Roozbeh Alipour; Tohid Momeni; Mohamed H. Mussa. 2020. "Large deflection behavior effect in reinforced concrete columns exposed to extreme dynamic loads." Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 14, no. 2: 532-553.
The dynamic behaviour of high-volume fly ash concrete with nano-silica (HVFANS) and polypropylene fibres at curing ages of 7 to 90 days was determined by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) machine. At each curing age, the concrete samples were laboratory tested at different temperatures conditions under strain rates reached up to 101.42 s−1. At room temperature, the results indicated that the dynamic compressive strength of plain concrete (PC) was slightly higher than HVFANS concrete at early curing ages of 7 and 28 days, however, a considerable improvement in the strength of HVFANS concrete was noted at a curing age of 90 days and recorded greater values than PC owing to the increase of fly ash reactivity. At elevated temperatures, the HVFANS concrete revealed a superior behaviour than PC even at early ages in terms of dynamic compressive strength, critical strain, damage and toughness due to increase of nano-silica (NS) activity during the heating process. Furthermore, equations were suggested to estimate the dynamic increase factor (DIF) of both concretes under the investigated factors.
Mohamed H. Mussa; Ahmed M. Abdulhadi; Imad Shakir Abbood; Azrul A. Mutalib; Zaher Mundher Yaseen; Ahmed Mousa. Late Age Dynamic Strength of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with Nano-Silica and Polypropylene Fibres. Crystals 2020, 10, 243 .
AMA StyleMohamed H. Mussa, Ahmed M. Abdulhadi, Imad Shakir Abbood, Azrul A. Mutalib, Zaher Mundher Yaseen, Ahmed Mousa. Late Age Dynamic Strength of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with Nano-Silica and Polypropylene Fibres. Crystals. 2020; 10 (4):243.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed H. Mussa; Ahmed M. Abdulhadi; Imad Shakir Abbood; Azrul A. Mutalib; Zaher Mundher Yaseen; Ahmed Mousa. 2020. "Late Age Dynamic Strength of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with Nano-Silica and Polypropylene Fibres." Crystals 10, no. 4: 243.
Muhamad Azry Khoiry; Noraini Hamzah; Siti Aminah Osman; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid. Physical Damages Effect on Residential Houses Caused by the Earthquake at Ranau, Sabah Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018, 10, 414 -418.
AMA StyleMuhamad Azry Khoiry, Noraini Hamzah, Siti Aminah Osman, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid. Physical Damages Effect on Residential Houses Caused by the Earthquake at Ranau, Sabah Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 2018; 10 (5):414-418.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhamad Azry Khoiry; Noraini Hamzah; Siti Aminah Osman; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid. 2018. "Physical Damages Effect on Residential Houses Caused by the Earthquake at Ranau, Sabah Malaysia." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 10, no. 5: 414-418.
This study aimed to determine the reliability of the damage criteria that was adopted by the peak particle velocity (PPV) method and the single degree of freedom (SDOF) approach to assess the damage level of a box-shaped underground tunnel. An advanced arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique available in LS-DYNA software was used to simulate a symmetrical underground tunnel that was subjected to a surface detonation. The validation results of peak pressure into the soil revealed a good consistency with the TM5-855-1 manual within differences that were much less than previous numerical studies. The pressure contours revealed that the blast waves travelled into the soil in a hemispherical shape and the peak reflected the pressure of the tunnel that occurred immediately before the incident pressure reached its highest value. The assessment results proved that the criteria of the above methods could efficiently predict the damage level of a box-shaped tunnel under different circumstances of explosive charge weight and lining thickness at a depth of 4 m within slight differences that were observed during van and small delivery truck (SDT) explosions. However, the efficiency of both the methods was varied with the increase of burial depth. Whereas, using the PPV method significantly underestimated or overestimated the damage level of the tunnel, especially during SDT and container explosions with a lining thickness of 250 mm at burial depths of 6 and 8 m, respectively, the damage level that was obtained by the SDOF method greatly matched with the observed failure modes of the tunnel. Furthermore, new boundary conditions and equations were proposed for the damage criteria of the PVV method.
Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. Blast Damage Assessment of Symmetrical Box-Shaped Underground Tunnel According to Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Criteria. Symmetry 2018, 10, 158 .
AMA StyleMohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid, Sudharshan N. Raman. Blast Damage Assessment of Symmetrical Box-Shaped Underground Tunnel According to Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Criteria. Symmetry. 2018; 10 (5):158.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. 2018. "Blast Damage Assessment of Symmetrical Box-Shaped Underground Tunnel According to Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Criteria." Symmetry 10, no. 5: 158.
CIDECT guideline of carbon steel is frequently applied to design the cold-formed stainless steel tubular X-joints. The allowable range of the brace to chord width ratio (β) had been recorded in this guideline without mention to specific limits for the brace to chord thickness ratio (τ). Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of β and τ ratios on the behaviour of tubular X-joints by using LUSAS software. Three numerical models were created based on the stainless steel sheet type which symbolled as XD (duplex EN1.4462), XH (high strength austenitic), and XN (normal AISI 304). A good consistency was achieved with the experimental test in terms of load–deflection behaviour, ultimate joint strength, and failure modes within a maximum error of 8.63%. Parametric studies results indicated that the increased of (β) ratio at constant (τ = 1) capable to increase the joint strength which was quite conservative with the CIDECT design strengths of specimens failed with the chord side wall failure, while it was unconservative to chord face failure. Hence, equations were proposed to calculate the joint strength for specimens failed by chord face failure. A range of (0.4–2) had proposed for (τ) ratio. The ultimate joint strength obviously increased at high values of (τ) ratio within a constant value of (β = 1). Moreover, the chord side wall and brace local buckling failure modes observed when (τ > 0.5) and (τ ≤ 0.5), respectively, which indicated that the brace local buckling failure can be only occurred when (β > 0.85) and (τ ≤ 0.5).
Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib. Effect of Geometric Parameters (β and τ) on Behaviour of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Tubular X-Joints. International Journal of Steel Structures 2018, 18, 821 -830.
AMA StyleMohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib. Effect of Geometric Parameters (β and τ) on Behaviour of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Tubular X-Joints. International Journal of Steel Structures. 2018; 18 (3):821-830.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib. 2018. "Effect of Geometric Parameters (β and τ) on Behaviour of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Tubular X-Joints." International Journal of Steel Structures 18, no. 3: 821-830.
The study aims to determine the dynamic properties of high volume fly ash nanosilica (HVFANS) concrete exposed to strain rates between 30.12 to 101.42 s-1 and temperatures of 25, 400, and 700 oC by using split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) machine. The static and dynamic compressive strengths of HVFANS concrete were slightly lower than plain concrete (PC) at room temperature, while its values were higher at 400 and 700 o C. The results proved that the CEB model of dynamic increase factor is more reliable to estimate the behaviour of HVFANS concrete at studied temperatures. The toughness, critical strain, and damage of HVFANS concrete recorded a superior performance than PC under studied strain rates and temperatures that would reflect the possibility of use HVFANS concrete in structures to improve its resistant of fire and impact loads, as well as to decrease the demand on Portland cement which could lead to restrict the risks of liberated gases during cement production. Furthermore, equations were proposed to estimate the dynamic increase factor, toughness, and critical strain of both concretes under investigated conditions.
Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. Dynamic Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Nanosilica (HVFANS) Concrete Subjected to Combined Effect of High Strain Rate and Temperature. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures 2018, 15, 1 .
AMA StyleMohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid, Sudharshan N. Raman. Dynamic Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Nanosilica (HVFANS) Concrete Subjected to Combined Effect of High Strain Rate and Temperature. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures. 2018; 15 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. 2018. "Dynamic Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Nanosilica (HVFANS) Concrete Subjected to Combined Effect of High Strain Rate and Temperature." Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures 15, no. 1: 1.
Feasibility of application of a bio-based elastomeric polyurethane (PU) coating to improve the dynamic resistance of concrete specimens by enhancing their energy absorption capability was investigated. A series of experimental investigation were conducted using scaled concrete specimens with dimensions of 160 × 40 × 40 mm, which were coated with eight different coating configurations by varying the coating thickness and location. Three-point bending test was conducted under quasi-static and dynamic conditions, by varying the strain rates (0.00033 s−1 and 0.067 s−1). The maximum flexural stress, failure strain, and strain energy density characteristics were used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed retrofitting technique. Polymer layers of 1–4 mm thick provided 2.9–8.9 times enhancement in failure strain, 3.0–11.3 times enhancement in strain energy density, and a marginal enhancement in the maximum flexural stress under dynamic conditions compared to the dynamic response of uncoated concrete specimens. In addition, the dynamic response of concrete specimens was improved when the thickness of the PU coating was increased and when the coating was applied on both faces.
Sudharshan N. Raman; H. M. Chandima C. Somarathna; Azrul A. Mutalib; Khairiah H. Badri; Mohd. Raihan Taha. Bio-Based Polyurethane Elastomer for Strengthening Application of Concrete Structures Under Dynamic Loadings. International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) 2018, 751 -757.
AMA StyleSudharshan N. Raman, H. M. Chandima C. Somarathna, Azrul A. Mutalib, Khairiah H. Badri, Mohd. Raihan Taha. Bio-Based Polyurethane Elastomer for Strengthening Application of Concrete Structures Under Dynamic Loadings. International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018). 2018; ():751-757.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSudharshan N. Raman; H. M. Chandima C. Somarathna; Azrul A. Mutalib; Khairiah H. Badri; Mohd. Raihan Taha. 2018. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Elastomer for Strengthening Application of Concrete Structures Under Dynamic Loadings." International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) , no. : 751-757.
In recent years, many studies have been conducted by governmental and nongovernmental organizations across the world attempt to better understand the effect of blast loads on structures in order to better design against specific threats. Pressure–Impulse (P–I) diagram is an easiest method for describing a structure’s response to blast load. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of P–I diagrams in RC structures under blast loads. The effects of different parameters on P–I diagram is performed. Three major methods to develop P–I diagram for various damage criterions are discussed in this research. Analytical methods are easy and simple to use but have limitations on the kinds of failure modes and unsuitable for complex geometries and irregular shape of pulse loads that they can capture. Experimental method is a good way to study the structure response to blast loads; however, it is require special and expensive instrumentation and also not possible in many cases due to the safety and environmental consideration. Despite numerical methods are capable of incorporating complex features of the material behaviour, geometry and boundary conditions. Hence, numerical method is suggested for developing P–I diagrams for new structural elements.
M. Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; R. Alipour; E. Akhlaghi. Pressure–Impulse (P–I) Diagrams for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures: A Review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 2018, 26, 733 -767.
AMA StyleM. Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Sudharshan N. Raman, R. Alipour, E. Akhlaghi. Pressure–Impulse (P–I) Diagrams for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures: A Review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering. 2018; 26 (3):733-767.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; R. Alipour; E. Akhlaghi. 2018. "Pressure–Impulse (P–I) Diagrams for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures: A Review." Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 26, no. 3: 733-767.
In recent years, many studies have been conducted by governmental and nongovernmental organizations across the world in an attempt to better understand the effect of explosive loads on buildings in order to better design against specific threats. This study is intended to contribute to increase the knowledge about how explosions affect reinforced concrete (RC) columns. In this study, a nonlinear model is developed to study the blast response of RC columns subjected to explosive loads. Numerical modeling of RC column under explosive load is presented using advanced finite element code LS DYNA. The obtained numerical model is validated with the experimental test and the results are in substantial agreement with the experimental data. ALE method for blast analysis is presented in the current research. The effects of scaled distance on the damage profile of RC columns are investigated. The results demonstrate that the level of damage increased with describing the scaled distance. Also the results shown duration for the blast loading, and hence the impulse, varies with charge masses at the specified scaled distance. Higher magnitude charge masses produced longer blast loading durations than lower magnitude charge masses. This means that at the same scaled distance, a charge mass of higher magnitude produced a higher impulse than the lower magnitude charge mass. The findings of this research represent the scaled distance is an important parameter that should be taken into account when analyzing the behavior of RC columns under explosive effects. The data collected from this research are being used to improve the knowledge of how structures will respond to a blast event, and improve finite element models for predicting the blast performance of concrete structures.
Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi. Modeling the effects of high strain rate loading on RC columns using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique. Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería 2018, 34, 1 .
AMA StyleMasoud Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Sudharshan N. Raman, Ebrahim Akhlaghi. Modeling the effects of high strain rate loading on RC columns using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique. Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería. 2018; 34 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi. 2018. "Modeling the effects of high strain rate loading on RC columns using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique." Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería 34, no. : 1.
Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan R. Naidu; Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Masoud Abedini. Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2017, 66, 64 -76.
AMA StyleMohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid, Sudharshan R. Naidu, Noor Azim Mohd Radzi, Masoud Abedini. Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2017; 66 ():64-76.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan R. Naidu; Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Masoud Abedini. 2017. "Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 66, no. : 64-76.
The evaluation of residual axial load carrying capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) columns to explosion load is significant for protection of buildings. The few investigations conducted on residual axial load carrying capacity of RC columns when subjected to blast loads. Therefore, the overall aim of this research is to generate equations on the blast capacity of axially and uniaxial loaded columns. In this study, an advanced nonlinear model is developed to study the residual axial load carrying capacity (Presidual) of RC columns to explosion loads using Arbitary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element technique in LS-DYNA 971. The ALE model represents the actual blast incident scenario and is validated with experimental study reported in the previous research. In order to derive the Presidual empirical equations, intensive parametric studies are carried out to investigate the effects of column depth (d), longitudinal reinforcement ratio (ρ), transverse reinforcement ratio (ρs), yield stress of longitudinal steel (fy), yield stress of transverse steel (fyt), column height (H), column width (w) and concrete strength (fc) on the residual axial capacity of RC columns. Based on numerical simulation data, nine empirical relations are suggested to predict residual axial capacity of RC columns. The validated equations can be used for quick assessment of existing RC columns when blast loading is required to be considered especially to evaluate the blast resistant capacity of a critical building such as military buildings, government assets and etc.
Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Shahrizan Baharom; J. Sima Nouri. Prediction of Residual Axial Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 2017, 10, 431 -448.
AMA StyleMasoud Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Sudharshan N. Raman, Shahrizan Baharom, J. Sima Nouri. Prediction of Residual Axial Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2017; 10 (2):431-448.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Shahrizan Baharom; J. Sima Nouri. 2017. "Prediction of Residual Axial Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads." American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 10, no. 2: 431-448.
Masoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman. P-I Diagram Generation for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Under High Impulsive Loads Using Ale Method. Journal of Asian Scientific Research 2017, 7, 253 -262.
AMA StyleMasoud Abedini, Azrul A Mutalib, Sudharshan N Raman. P-I Diagram Generation for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Under High Impulsive Loads Using Ale Method. Journal of Asian Scientific Research. 2017; 7 (7):253-262.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman. 2017. "P-I Diagram Generation for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Under High Impulsive Loads Using Ale Method." Journal of Asian Scientific Research 7, no. 7: 253-262.
Masoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi; Mohamed H Mussa; Mohammad Ansari. Numerical Investigation on the Non-Linear Response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. Journal of Asian Scientific Research 2017, 7, 86 -98.
AMA StyleMasoud Abedini, Azrul A Mutalib, Sudharshan N Raman, Ebrahim Akhlaghi, Mohamed H Mussa, Mohammad Ansari. Numerical Investigation on the Non-Linear Response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. Journal of Asian Scientific Research. 2017; 7 (3):86-98.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi; Mohamed H Mussa; Mohammad Ansari. 2017. "Numerical Investigation on the Non-Linear Response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads." Journal of Asian Scientific Research 7, no. 3: 86-98.
Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul A. Mutalib. A Review of Methods, Issues and Challenges of Small-scale Fire Testing of Tunnel Lining Concrete. Journal of Applied Sciences 2016, 16, 293 -301.
AMA StyleNoor Azim Mohd Radzi, Roszilah Hamid, Azrul A. Mutalib. A Review of Methods, Issues and Challenges of Small-scale Fire Testing of Tunnel Lining Concrete. Journal of Applied Sciences. 2016; 16 (7):293-301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNoor Azim Mohd Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul A. Mutalib. 2016. "A Review of Methods, Issues and Challenges of Small-scale Fire Testing of Tunnel Lining Concrete." Journal of Applied Sciences 16, no. 7: 293-301.
In recent years, attention has been focused on elastomeric polymers as a potential retrofitting material considering their capability in contributing towards the impact resistance of various structural elements. A comprehensive understanding of the behavior and the morphology of this material are essential to propose an effective and feasible alternative to existing structural strengthening and retrofitting materials. This article presents the findings obtained from a series of experimental investigations to characterize the physical, mechanical, chemical and thermal behavior of eight types of palm-based polyurethane (PU) elastomers, which were synthesized from the reaction between palm kernel oil-based monoester polyol (PKO-p) and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the plasticizer via pre-polymerization. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis was conducted to examine the functional groups in PU systems. Mechanical and physical behavior was studied with focus on elongation, stresses, modulus, energy absorption and dissipation, and load dispersion capacities by conducting hardness, tensile, flexural, Izod impact, and differential scanning calorimetry tests. Experimental results suggest that the palm-based PU has positive effects as a strengthening and retrofitting material against dynamic impulsive loadings both in terms of energy absorption and dissipation, and load dispersion. In addition, among all PUs with different plasticizer contents, PU2 to PU8 (which contain 2% to 8% (w/w) PEG with respect to PKO-p content) show the best correlation with mechanical response under quasi-static conditions focusing on energy absorption and dissipation and load dispersion characteristics.
H. M. Chandima Chathuranga Somarathna; Sudharshan N. Raman; Khairiah Haji Badri; Azrul A. Mutalib; Damith Mohotti; Sri Devi Ravana. Quasi-Static Behavior of Palm-Based Elastomeric Polyurethane: For Strengthening Application of Structures under Impulsive Loadings. Polymers 2016, 8, 202 .
AMA StyleH. M. Chandima Chathuranga Somarathna, Sudharshan N. Raman, Khairiah Haji Badri, Azrul A. Mutalib, Damith Mohotti, Sri Devi Ravana. Quasi-Static Behavior of Palm-Based Elastomeric Polyurethane: For Strengthening Application of Structures under Impulsive Loadings. Polymers. 2016; 8 (5):202.
Chicago/Turabian StyleH. M. Chandima Chathuranga Somarathna; Sudharshan N. Raman; Khairiah Haji Badri; Azrul A. Mutalib; Damith Mohotti; Sri Devi Ravana. 2016. "Quasi-Static Behavior of Palm-Based Elastomeric Polyurethane: For Strengthening Application of Structures under Impulsive Loadings." Polymers 8, no. 5: 202.
Self‐flowing mortar (SFM) is being popular in recent time. Its’ easy‐placement nature makes it suitable for narrow or congested reinforced places. To comply with modern‐age needs, many supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are gaining importance nowadays. Using industrial and agricultural wastes as SCM, ensures proper management of many hazardous materials and saves cost as well. Incorporation of these two techniques can offer cost‐effective and environment‐friendly solutions to many construction problems. Many researchers studied the effect of different SCMs on mortar properties in recent years. The objective of this study is to summarize the findings of recent experiments. This will help the experts of this field to optimize their mix design easily, as well as, the researchers to find the research gap and determine the direction of their future studies.
Shamir Sakir; A. B. M. A. Kaish; Sudharshan Raman; Azrul Mutalib. Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials 2016, 1 .
AMA StyleShamir Sakir, A. B. M. A. Kaish, Sudharshan Raman, Azrul Mutalib. Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials. 2016; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShamir Sakir; A. B. M. A. Kaish; Sudharshan Raman; Azrul Mutalib. 2016. "Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials." Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials , no. : 1.
Probability analysis is commonly used to estimate the structural damage subjected to the static loads as well as dynamic loads such as earthquakes, wind and blast loads. Blast loads is difficult to predict accurately due to the parameters that influence the uncertainty in the blast shock wave propagation and shock wave-structures interaction. However, probability analysis of the structural damage can be carried out by considering all the blast load parameters and the structural properties. Instead, scale distance factors (producing various pressures and impulses) also affect the uncertainty of variations in structure damage to blast load and analysis of blast-resistant design. This study presents a reliability analysis of unstrengthened and FRP strengthened RC columns to blast loads. Three different parameter examples of unstrengthened reinforced concrete (RC) columns and Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) strengthened RC column are used. The failure probabilities of RC columns under different level blast load corresponding to different range of scaled distances are estimated and presented. The results indicate reliability analysis gives range of scaled distances with different probabilities of column collapse.
Azrul A. Mutalib; Norngainy Mohd Tawil; Shahrizan Baharom; Masoud Abedini. Failure Probabilities of FRP Strengthened RC Column to Blast Loads. Jurnal Teknologi 2013, 65, 1 .
AMA StyleAzrul A. Mutalib, Norngainy Mohd Tawil, Shahrizan Baharom, Masoud Abedini. Failure Probabilities of FRP Strengthened RC Column to Blast Loads. Jurnal Teknologi. 2013; 65 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAzrul A. Mutalib; Norngainy Mohd Tawil; Shahrizan Baharom; Masoud Abedini. 2013. "Failure Probabilities of FRP Strengthened RC Column to Blast Loads." Jurnal Teknologi 65, no. 2: 1.