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Azrul A. Mutalib
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia

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Journal article
Published: 15 June 2021 in Materials
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The study aims to investigate the fire performance of reinforced concrete (RC) slab fabricated from high volume fly ash inclusion with nano-silica (HVFANS) under ISO 834 load curve. The HVFANS concrete slab with dimensions of 1850 mm × 1700 mm × 200 mm was tested via an electrical furnace under an exposing temperature of 1100 °C for 120 min. The slab behaviour was evaluated in terms of residual compressive strength, temperature distribution along its thickness, spalling, and cracks. The results revealed that the slab was capable of maintaining 62.19% of its original compressive strength at room temperature after exposure to the above temperature. Moreover, the distribution of temperature revealed that the temperature of concrete cover and bottom reinforcement was less than 300 °C with a maximum spalling depth of 11 mm within the temperature range of 680 to 840 °C. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity index (K) of the HVFANS concrete was determined, and results indicated that thermal conductivity equalled 0.35 W/mK which is considered low, as compared with other concretes tested in current and previous studies.

ACS Style

Mohamed Mussa; Noor Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul Mutalib. Fire Resistance of High-Volume Fly Ash RC Slab Inclusion with Nano-Silica. Materials 2021, 14, 3311 .

AMA Style

Mohamed Mussa, Noor Radzi, Roszilah Hamid, Azrul Mutalib. Fire Resistance of High-Volume Fly Ash RC Slab Inclusion with Nano-Silica. Materials. 2021; 14 (12):3311.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed Mussa; Noor Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul Mutalib. 2021. "Fire Resistance of High-Volume Fly Ash RC Slab Inclusion with Nano-Silica." Materials 14, no. 12: 3311.

Review
Published: 09 May 2020 in Sustainability
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Rapid growth in industrial development has raised the concern of proper disposal of the by-products generated in industries. Many of them may cause serious pollution to the air, land, and water if dumped in open landfills. Agricultural and municipal wastes also cause environmental issues if not managed properly. Besides, minimizing the carbon footprint has become a priority in every industry to slow down global warming and climate change effects. The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) obtained from agricultural, industrial, municipal, and natural sources can decrease a significant amount of fossil fuel burning by reducing cement production and contribute to proper waste management. Also, SCMs can enhance desirable material properties like flowability, strength, and durability. Such materials may play a big role to meet the need of modern time for resilient construction. The effective application of SCMs in cement-based materials requires a clear understanding of their physical and chemical characteristics. Researchers studied how the flowability, strength, and durability properties of structural mortar change with the replacement of cement with different SCMs. Various experiments were conducted to examine the behavior of structural mortar in extreme conditions (e.g., high temperature). Many scholars have attempted to improve its performance with various treatment techniques. This article is an attempt to bring all the major findings of the recent relevant studies together, identify research gaps in the current state of knowledge on the utilization of SCMs in structural mortar, and give several recommendations for further study. The available results from recent studies have been reviewed, analyzed, and summarized in this article. A collection of the updated experimental findings will encourage and ease the use of various by-products and wastes as SCMs in structural mortar for sustainable construction.

ACS Style

Shamir Sakir; Sudharshan N. Raman; Safiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Azrul A. Mutalib. Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3888 .

AMA Style

Shamir Sakir, Sudharshan N. Raman, Safiuddin, A. B. M. Amrul Kaish, Azrul A. Mutalib. Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3888.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shamir Sakir; Sudharshan N. Raman; Safiuddin; A. B. M. Amrul Kaish; Azrul A. Mutalib. 2020. "Utilization of By-Products and Wastes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Structural Mortar for Sustainable Construction." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3888.

Research article
Published: 25 April 2020 in Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering
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Reinforced concretes (RC) have been widely used in constructions. In construction, one of the critical elements carrying a high percentage of the weight is columns which were not used to design to absorb large dynamic load like surface bursts. This study focuses on investigating blast load parameters to design of RC columns to withstand blast detonation. The numerical model is based on finite element analysis using LS-DYNA. Numerical results are validated against blast field tests available in the literature. Couples of simulations are performed with changing blast parameters to study effects of various scaled distances on the nonlinear behavior of RC columns. According to simulation results, the scaled distance has a substantial influence on the blast response of RC columns. With lower scaled distance, higher peak pressure and larger pressure impulse are applied on the RC column. Eventually, keeping the scaled distance unchanged, increasing the charge weight or shorter standoff distance cause more damage to the RC column. Intensive studies are carried out to investigate the effects of scaled distance and charge weight on the damage degree and residual axial load carrying capacity of RC columns with various column width, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and concrete strength. Results of this research will be used to assessment the effect of an explosion on the dynamic behavior of RC columns.

ACS Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Chunwei Zhang; Javad Mehrmashhadi; Sudharshan Naidu Raman; Roozbeh Alipour; Tohid Momeni; Mohamed H. Mussa. Large deflection behavior effect in reinforced concrete columns exposed to extreme dynamic loads. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, 14, 532 -553.

AMA Style

Masoud Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Chunwei Zhang, Javad Mehrmashhadi, Sudharshan Naidu Raman, Roozbeh Alipour, Tohid Momeni, Mohamed H. Mussa. Large deflection behavior effect in reinforced concrete columns exposed to extreme dynamic loads. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering. 2020; 14 (2):532-553.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Chunwei Zhang; Javad Mehrmashhadi; Sudharshan Naidu Raman; Roozbeh Alipour; Tohid Momeni; Mohamed H. Mussa. 2020. "Large deflection behavior effect in reinforced concrete columns exposed to extreme dynamic loads." Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 14, no. 2: 532-553.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2020 in Crystals
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The dynamic behaviour of high-volume fly ash concrete with nano-silica (HVFANS) and polypropylene fibres at curing ages of 7 to 90 days was determined by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) machine. At each curing age, the concrete samples were laboratory tested at different temperatures conditions under strain rates reached up to 101.42 s−1. At room temperature, the results indicated that the dynamic compressive strength of plain concrete (PC) was slightly higher than HVFANS concrete at early curing ages of 7 and 28 days, however, a considerable improvement in the strength of HVFANS concrete was noted at a curing age of 90 days and recorded greater values than PC owing to the increase of fly ash reactivity. At elevated temperatures, the HVFANS concrete revealed a superior behaviour than PC even at early ages in terms of dynamic compressive strength, critical strain, damage and toughness due to increase of nano-silica (NS) activity during the heating process. Furthermore, equations were suggested to estimate the dynamic increase factor (DIF) of both concretes under the investigated factors.

ACS Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Ahmed M. Abdulhadi; Imad Shakir Abbood; Azrul A. Mutalib; Zaher Mundher Yaseen; Ahmed Mousa. Late Age Dynamic Strength of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with Nano-Silica and Polypropylene Fibres. Crystals 2020, 10, 243 .

AMA Style

Mohamed H. Mussa, Ahmed M. Abdulhadi, Imad Shakir Abbood, Azrul A. Mutalib, Zaher Mundher Yaseen, Ahmed Mousa. Late Age Dynamic Strength of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with Nano-Silica and Polypropylene Fibres. Crystals. 2020; 10 (4):243.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Ahmed M. Abdulhadi; Imad Shakir Abbood; Azrul A. Mutalib; Zaher Mundher Yaseen; Ahmed Mousa. 2020. "Late Age Dynamic Strength of High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete with Nano-Silica and Polypropylene Fibres." Crystals 10, no. 4: 243.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2018 in International Journal of Engineering and Technology
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ACS Style

Muhamad Azry Khoiry; Noraini Hamzah; Siti Aminah Osman; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid. Physical Damages Effect on Residential Houses Caused by the Earthquake at Ranau, Sabah Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018, 10, 414 -418.

AMA Style

Muhamad Azry Khoiry, Noraini Hamzah, Siti Aminah Osman, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid. Physical Damages Effect on Residential Houses Caused by the Earthquake at Ranau, Sabah Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology. 2018; 10 (5):414-418.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhamad Azry Khoiry; Noraini Hamzah; Siti Aminah Osman; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid. 2018. "Physical Damages Effect on Residential Houses Caused by the Earthquake at Ranau, Sabah Malaysia." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 10, no. 5: 414-418.

Journal article
Published: 14 May 2018 in Symmetry
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This study aimed to determine the reliability of the damage criteria that was adopted by the peak particle velocity (PPV) method and the single degree of freedom (SDOF) approach to assess the damage level of a box-shaped underground tunnel. An advanced arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique available in LS-DYNA software was used to simulate a symmetrical underground tunnel that was subjected to a surface detonation. The validation results of peak pressure into the soil revealed a good consistency with the TM5-855-1 manual within differences that were much less than previous numerical studies. The pressure contours revealed that the blast waves travelled into the soil in a hemispherical shape and the peak reflected the pressure of the tunnel that occurred immediately before the incident pressure reached its highest value. The assessment results proved that the criteria of the above methods could efficiently predict the damage level of a box-shaped tunnel under different circumstances of explosive charge weight and lining thickness at a depth of 4 m within slight differences that were observed during van and small delivery truck (SDT) explosions. However, the efficiency of both the methods was varied with the increase of burial depth. Whereas, using the PPV method significantly underestimated or overestimated the damage level of the tunnel, especially during SDT and container explosions with a lining thickness of 250 mm at burial depths of 6 and 8 m, respectively, the damage level that was obtained by the SDOF method greatly matched with the observed failure modes of the tunnel. Furthermore, new boundary conditions and equations were proposed for the damage criteria of the PVV method.

ACS Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. Blast Damage Assessment of Symmetrical Box-Shaped Underground Tunnel According to Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Criteria. Symmetry 2018, 10, 158 .

AMA Style

Mohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid, Sudharshan N. Raman. Blast Damage Assessment of Symmetrical Box-Shaped Underground Tunnel According to Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Criteria. Symmetry. 2018; 10 (5):158.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. 2018. "Blast Damage Assessment of Symmetrical Box-Shaped Underground Tunnel According to Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Criteria." Symmetry 10, no. 5: 158.

Article
Published: 25 April 2018 in International Journal of Steel Structures
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CIDECT guideline of carbon steel is frequently applied to design the cold-formed stainless steel tubular X-joints. The allowable range of the brace to chord width ratio (β) had been recorded in this guideline without mention to specific limits for the brace to chord thickness ratio (τ). Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effect of β and τ ratios on the behaviour of tubular X-joints by using LUSAS software. Three numerical models were created based on the stainless steel sheet type which symbolled as XD (duplex EN1.4462), XH (high strength austenitic), and XN (normal AISI 304). A good consistency was achieved with the experimental test in terms of load–deflection behaviour, ultimate joint strength, and failure modes within a maximum error of 8.63%. Parametric studies results indicated that the increased of (β) ratio at constant (τ = 1) capable to increase the joint strength which was quite conservative with the CIDECT design strengths of specimens failed with the chord side wall failure, while it was unconservative to chord face failure. Hence, equations were proposed to calculate the joint strength for specimens failed by chord face failure. A range of (0.4–2) had proposed for (τ) ratio. The ultimate joint strength obviously increased at high values of (τ) ratio within a constant value of (β = 1). Moreover, the chord side wall and brace local buckling failure modes observed when (τ > 0.5) and (τ ≤ 0.5), respectively, which indicated that the brace local buckling failure can be only occurred when (β > 0.85) and (τ ≤ 0.5).

ACS Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib. Effect of Geometric Parameters (β and τ) on Behaviour of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Tubular X-Joints. International Journal of Steel Structures 2018, 18, 821 -830.

AMA Style

Mohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib. Effect of Geometric Parameters (β and τ) on Behaviour of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Tubular X-Joints. International Journal of Steel Structures. 2018; 18 (3):821-830.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib. 2018. "Effect of Geometric Parameters (β and τ) on Behaviour of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Tubular X-Joints." International Journal of Steel Structures 18, no. 3: 821-830.

Original article
Published: 23 April 2018 in Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures
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The study aims to determine the dynamic properties of high volume fly ash nanosilica (HVFANS) concrete exposed to strain rates between 30.12 to 101.42 s-1 and temperatures of 25, 400, and 700 oC by using split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) machine. The static and dynamic compressive strengths of HVFANS concrete were slightly lower than plain concrete (PC) at room temperature, while its values were higher at 400 and 700 o C. The results proved that the CEB model of dynamic increase factor is more reliable to estimate the behaviour of HVFANS concrete at studied temperatures. The toughness, critical strain, and damage of HVFANS concrete recorded a superior performance than PC under studied strain rates and temperatures that would reflect the possibility of use HVFANS concrete in structures to improve its resistant of fire and impact loads, as well as to decrease the demand on Portland cement which could lead to restrict the risks of liberated gases during cement production. Furthermore, equations were proposed to estimate the dynamic increase factor, toughness, and critical strain of both concretes under investigated conditions.

ACS Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. Dynamic Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Nanosilica (HVFANS) Concrete Subjected to Combined Effect of High Strain Rate and Temperature. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures 2018, 15, 1 .

AMA Style

Mohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid, Sudharshan N. Raman. Dynamic Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Nanosilica (HVFANS) Concrete Subjected to Combined Effect of High Strain Rate and Temperature. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures. 2018; 15 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan N. Raman. 2018. "Dynamic Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Nanosilica (HVFANS) Concrete Subjected to Combined Effect of High Strain Rate and Temperature." Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures 15, no. 1: 1.

Conference paper
Published: 07 April 2018 in International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018)
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Feasibility of application of a bio-based elastomeric polyurethane (PU) coating to improve the dynamic resistance of concrete specimens by enhancing their energy absorption capability was investigated. A series of experimental investigation were conducted using scaled concrete specimens with dimensions of 160 × 40 × 40 mm, which were coated with eight different coating configurations by varying the coating thickness and location. Three-point bending test was conducted under quasi-static and dynamic conditions, by varying the strain rates (0.00033 s−1 and 0.067 s−1). The maximum flexural stress, failure strain, and strain energy density characteristics were used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed retrofitting technique. Polymer layers of 1–4 mm thick provided 2.9–8.9 times enhancement in failure strain, 3.0–11.3 times enhancement in strain energy density, and a marginal enhancement in the maximum flexural stress under dynamic conditions compared to the dynamic response of uncoated concrete specimens. In addition, the dynamic response of concrete specimens was improved when the thickness of the PU coating was increased and when the coating was applied on both faces.

ACS Style

Sudharshan N. Raman; H. M. Chandima C. Somarathna; Azrul A. Mutalib; Khairiah H. Badri; Mohd. Raihan Taha. Bio-Based Polyurethane Elastomer for Strengthening Application of Concrete Structures Under Dynamic Loadings. International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) 2018, 751 -757.

AMA Style

Sudharshan N. Raman, H. M. Chandima C. Somarathna, Azrul A. Mutalib, Khairiah H. Badri, Mohd. Raihan Taha. Bio-Based Polyurethane Elastomer for Strengthening Application of Concrete Structures Under Dynamic Loadings. International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018). 2018; ():751-757.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sudharshan N. Raman; H. M. Chandima C. Somarathna; Azrul A. Mutalib; Khairiah H. Badri; Mohd. Raihan Taha. 2018. "Bio-Based Polyurethane Elastomer for Strengthening Application of Concrete Structures Under Dynamic Loadings." International Congress on Polymers in Concrete (ICPIC 2018) , no. : 751-757.

Review
Published: 13 February 2018 in Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering
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In recent years, many studies have been conducted by governmental and nongovernmental organizations across the world attempt to better understand the effect of blast loads on structures in order to better design against specific threats. Pressure–Impulse (P–I) diagram is an easiest method for describing a structure’s response to blast load. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of P–I diagrams in RC structures under blast loads. The effects of different parameters on P–I diagram is performed. Three major methods to develop P–I diagram for various damage criterions are discussed in this research. Analytical methods are easy and simple to use but have limitations on the kinds of failure modes and unsuitable for complex geometries and irregular shape of pulse loads that they can capture. Experimental method is a good way to study the structure response to blast loads; however, it is require special and expensive instrumentation and also not possible in many cases due to the safety and environmental consideration. Despite numerical methods are capable of incorporating complex features of the material behaviour, geometry and boundary conditions. Hence, numerical method is suggested for developing P–I diagrams for new structural elements.

ACS Style

M. Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; R. Alipour; E. Akhlaghi. Pressure–Impulse (P–I) Diagrams for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures: A Review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 2018, 26, 733 -767.

AMA Style

M. Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Sudharshan N. Raman, R. Alipour, E. Akhlaghi. Pressure–Impulse (P–I) Diagrams for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures: A Review. Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering. 2018; 26 (3):733-767.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; R. Alipour; E. Akhlaghi. 2018. "Pressure–Impulse (P–I) Diagrams for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures: A Review." Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering 26, no. 3: 733-767.

Journal article
Published: 03 January 2018 in Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería
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In recent years, many studies have been conducted by governmental and nongovernmental organizations across the world in an attempt to better understand the effect of explosive loads on buildings in order to better design against specific threats. This study is intended to contribute to increase the knowledge about how explosions affect reinforced concrete (RC) columns. In this study, a nonlinear model is developed to study the blast response of RC columns subjected to explosive loads. Numerical modeling of RC column under explosive load is presented using advanced finite element code LS DYNA. The obtained numerical model is validated with the experimental test and the results are in substantial agreement with the experimental data. ALE method for blast analysis is presented in the current research. The effects of scaled distance on the damage profile of RC columns are investigated. The results demonstrate that the level of damage increased with describing the scaled distance. Also the results shown duration for the blast loading, and hence the impulse, varies with charge masses at the specified scaled distance. Higher magnitude charge masses produced longer blast loading durations than lower magnitude charge masses. This means that at the same scaled distance, a charge mass of higher magnitude produced a higher impulse than the lower magnitude charge mass. The findings of this research represent the scaled distance is an important parameter that should be taken into account when analyzing the behavior of RC columns under explosive effects. The data collected from this research are being used to improve the knowledge of how structures will respond to a blast event, and improve finite element models for predicting the blast performance of concrete structures.

ACS Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi. Modeling the effects of high strain rate loading on RC columns using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique. Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería 2018, 34, 1 .

AMA Style

Masoud Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Sudharshan N. Raman, Ebrahim Akhlaghi. Modeling the effects of high strain rate loading on RC columns using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique. Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería. 2018; 34 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi. 2018. "Modeling the effects of high strain rate loading on RC columns using Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) technique." Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería 34, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2017 in Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology
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ACS Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan R. Naidu; Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Masoud Abedini. Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 2017, 66, 64 -76.

AMA Style

Mohamed H. Mussa, Azrul A. Mutalib, Roszilah Hamid, Sudharshan R. Naidu, Noor Azim Mohd Radzi, Masoud Abedini. Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. 2017; 66 ():64-76.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed H. Mussa; Azrul A. Mutalib; Roszilah Hamid; Sudharshan R. Naidu; Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Masoud Abedini. 2017. "Assessment of damage to an underground box tunnel by a surface explosion." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 66, no. : 64-76.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2017 in American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences
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The evaluation of residual axial load carrying capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) columns to explosion load is significant for protection of buildings. The few investigations conducted on residual axial load carrying capacity of RC columns when subjected to blast loads. Therefore, the overall aim of this research is to generate equations on the blast capacity of axially and uniaxial loaded columns. In this study, an advanced nonlinear model is developed to study the residual axial load carrying capacity (Presidual) of RC columns to explosion loads using Arbitary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element technique in LS-DYNA 971. The ALE model represents the actual blast incident scenario and is validated with experimental study reported in the previous research. In order to derive the Presidual empirical equations, intensive parametric studies are carried out to investigate the effects of column depth (d), longitudinal reinforcement ratio (ρ), transverse reinforcement ratio (ρs), yield stress of longitudinal steel (fy), yield stress of transverse steel (fyt), column height (H), column width (w) and concrete strength (fc) on the residual axial capacity of RC columns. Based on numerical simulation data, nine empirical relations are suggested to predict residual axial capacity of RC columns. The validated equations can be used for quick assessment of existing RC columns when blast loading is required to be considered especially to evaluate the blast resistant capacity of a critical building such as military buildings, government assets and etc.

ACS Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Shahrizan Baharom; J. Sima Nouri. Prediction of Residual Axial Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 2017, 10, 431 -448.

AMA Style

Masoud Abedini, Azrul A. Mutalib, Sudharshan N. Raman, Shahrizan Baharom, J. Sima Nouri. Prediction of Residual Axial Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2017; 10 (2):431-448.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A. Mutalib; Sudharshan N. Raman; Shahrizan Baharom; J. Sima Nouri. 2017. "Prediction of Residual Axial Load Carrying Capacity of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads." American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 10, no. 2: 431-448.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Journal of Asian Scientific Research
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ACS Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman. P-I Diagram Generation for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Under High Impulsive Loads Using Ale Method. Journal of Asian Scientific Research 2017, 7, 253 -262.

AMA Style

Masoud Abedini, Azrul A Mutalib, Sudharshan N Raman. P-I Diagram Generation for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Under High Impulsive Loads Using Ale Method. Journal of Asian Scientific Research. 2017; 7 (7):253-262.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman. 2017. "P-I Diagram Generation for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Under High Impulsive Loads Using Ale Method." Journal of Asian Scientific Research 7, no. 7: 253-262.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Journal of Asian Scientific Research
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ACS Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi; Mohamed H Mussa; Mohammad Ansari. Numerical Investigation on the Non-Linear Response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. Journal of Asian Scientific Research 2017, 7, 86 -98.

AMA Style

Masoud Abedini, Azrul A Mutalib, Sudharshan N Raman, Ebrahim Akhlaghi, Mohamed H Mussa, Mohammad Ansari. Numerical Investigation on the Non-Linear Response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads. Journal of Asian Scientific Research. 2017; 7 (3):86-98.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masoud Abedini; Azrul A Mutalib; Sudharshan N Raman; Ebrahim Akhlaghi; Mohamed H Mussa; Mohammad Ansari. 2017. "Numerical Investigation on the Non-Linear Response of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns Subjected to Extreme Dynamic Loads." Journal of Asian Scientific Research 7, no. 3: 86-98.

Review
Published: 15 June 2016 in Journal of Applied Sciences
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ACS Style

Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul A. Mutalib. A Review of Methods, Issues and Challenges of Small-scale Fire Testing of Tunnel Lining Concrete. Journal of Applied Sciences 2016, 16, 293 -301.

AMA Style

Noor Azim Mohd Radzi, Roszilah Hamid, Azrul A. Mutalib. A Review of Methods, Issues and Challenges of Small-scale Fire Testing of Tunnel Lining Concrete. Journal of Applied Sciences. 2016; 16 (7):293-301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noor Azim Mohd Radzi; Roszilah Hamid; Azrul A. Mutalib. 2016. "A Review of Methods, Issues and Challenges of Small-scale Fire Testing of Tunnel Lining Concrete." Journal of Applied Sciences 16, no. 7: 293-301.

Journal article
Published: 20 May 2016 in Polymers
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In recent years, attention has been focused on elastomeric polymers as a potential retrofitting material considering their capability in contributing towards the impact resistance of various structural elements. A comprehensive understanding of the behavior and the morphology of this material are essential to propose an effective and feasible alternative to existing structural strengthening and retrofitting materials. This article presents the findings obtained from a series of experimental investigations to characterize the physical, mechanical, chemical and thermal behavior of eight types of palm-based polyurethane (PU) elastomers, which were synthesized from the reaction between palm kernel oil-based monoester polyol (PKO-p) and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the plasticizer via pre-polymerization. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis was conducted to examine the functional groups in PU systems. Mechanical and physical behavior was studied with focus on elongation, stresses, modulus, energy absorption and dissipation, and load dispersion capacities by conducting hardness, tensile, flexural, Izod impact, and differential scanning calorimetry tests. Experimental results suggest that the palm-based PU has positive effects as a strengthening and retrofitting material against dynamic impulsive loadings both in terms of energy absorption and dissipation, and load dispersion. In addition, among all PUs with different plasticizer contents, PU2 to PU8 (which contain 2% to 8% (w/w) PEG with respect to PKO-p content) show the best correlation with mechanical response under quasi-static conditions focusing on energy absorption and dissipation and load dispersion characteristics.

ACS Style

H. M. Chandima Chathuranga Somarathna; Sudharshan N. Raman; Khairiah Haji Badri; Azrul A. Mutalib; Damith Mohotti; Sri Devi Ravana. Quasi-Static Behavior of Palm-Based Elastomeric Polyurethane: For Strengthening Application of Structures under Impulsive Loadings. Polymers 2016, 8, 202 .

AMA Style

H. M. Chandima Chathuranga Somarathna, Sudharshan N. Raman, Khairiah Haji Badri, Azrul A. Mutalib, Damith Mohotti, Sri Devi Ravana. Quasi-Static Behavior of Palm-Based Elastomeric Polyurethane: For Strengthening Application of Structures under Impulsive Loadings. Polymers. 2016; 8 (5):202.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. M. Chandima Chathuranga Somarathna; Sudharshan N. Raman; Khairiah Haji Badri; Azrul A. Mutalib; Damith Mohotti; Sri Devi Ravana. 2016. "Quasi-Static Behavior of Palm-Based Elastomeric Polyurethane: For Strengthening Application of Structures under Impulsive Loadings." Polymers 8, no. 5: 202.

Conference paper
Published: 03 May 2016 in Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials
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Self‐flowing mortar (SFM) is being popular in recent time. Its’ easy‐placement nature makes it suitable for narrow or congested reinforced places. To comply with modern‐age needs, many supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are gaining importance nowadays. Using industrial and agricultural wastes as SCM, ensures proper management of many hazardous materials and saves cost as well. Incorporation of these two techniques can offer cost‐effective and environment‐friendly solutions to many construction problems. Many researchers studied the effect of different SCMs on mortar properties in recent years. The objective of this study is to summarize the findings of recent experiments. This will help the experts of this field to optimize their mix design easily, as well as, the researchers to find the research gap and determine the direction of their future studies.

ACS Style

Shamir Sakir; A. B. M. A. Kaish; Sudharshan Raman; Azrul Mutalib. Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials 2016, 1 .

AMA Style

Shamir Sakir, A. B. M. A. Kaish, Sudharshan Raman, Azrul Mutalib. Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials. Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials. 2016; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shamir Sakir; A. B. M. A. Kaish; Sudharshan Raman; Azrul Mutalib. 2016. "Recent trends in development of self‐flowing mortar incorporating supplementary cementitious materials." Proceedings of 2nd International Electronic Conference on Materials , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 25 November 2013 in Jurnal Teknologi
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Probability analysis is commonly used to estimate the structural damage subjected to the static loads as well as dynamic loads such as earthquakes, wind and blast loads. Blast loads is difficult to predict accurately due to the parameters that influence the uncertainty in the blast shock wave propagation and shock wave-structures interaction. However, probability analysis of the structural damage can be carried out by considering all the blast load parameters and the structural properties. Instead, scale distance factors (producing various pressures and impulses) also affect the uncertainty of variations in structure damage to blast load and analysis of blast-resistant design. This study presents a reliability analysis of unstrengthened and FRP strengthened RC columns to blast loads. Three different parameter examples of unstrengthened reinforced concrete (RC) columns and Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) strengthened RC column are used. The failure probabilities of RC columns under different level blast load corresponding to different range of scaled distances are estimated and presented. The results indicate reliability analysis gives range of scaled distances with different probabilities of column collapse.

ACS Style

Azrul A. Mutalib; Norngainy Mohd Tawil; Shahrizan Baharom; Masoud Abedini. Failure Probabilities of FRP Strengthened RC Column to Blast Loads. Jurnal Teknologi 2013, 65, 1 .

AMA Style

Azrul A. Mutalib, Norngainy Mohd Tawil, Shahrizan Baharom, Masoud Abedini. Failure Probabilities of FRP Strengthened RC Column to Blast Loads. Jurnal Teknologi. 2013; 65 (2):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Azrul A. Mutalib; Norngainy Mohd Tawil; Shahrizan Baharom; Masoud Abedini. 2013. "Failure Probabilities of FRP Strengthened RC Column to Blast Loads." Jurnal Teknologi 65, no. 2: 1.