To present the 2-year clinical outcomes of short-span implant-supported hybrid composite restorations, namely single crowns (SCs) and fixed partial prostheses (FPPs), produced using tilting stereolithography (TSLA). This retrospective study was based on data from a cohort 145 patients, treated between June 2021 and June 2023, with 185 fixed short-span implant-supported hybrid composite restorations (Irix Max®, RD Printing, Thiene, Vicenza, Italy) produced using tilting stereolithography (TSLA). The restorations were manufactured through a fully digital, model-free workflow, which included intra-oral scanning, computer-aided design (CAD) and additive manufacturing with the TSLA system (Dfab®, RD Printing). Primary outcome measures included marginal fit, occlusal and interproximal contact quality and colour matching of the restorations, all evaluated by two experienced clinicians (a prosthodontist and a periodontist, who were not directly involved in the treatment of the patients). Each restoration was rated at the time of delivery, using a 5-point scale (5 being excellent, 4 satisfactory, 3 acceptable, and 2 or 1 indicating poor quality). The secondary outcomes assessed comprised the survival and success (i.e. absence of complications) rates of the restorations, during the entire follow-up period. Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data. Among the 3D-printed hybrid composite restorations, 95 had a 2-year follow-up, whereas 90 had only a 1-year follow-up. Overall, the restorations demonstrated excellent performance in terms of marginal fit and contact accuracy, both occlusal and interproximal. Their aesthetic integration was also deemed satisfactory. During the follow-up period, all restorations remained functional, with a low complication rate (1.0 % biological and 3.7 % prosthetic complications), resulting in an overall success rate of 95.1 %. Implant-supported short-span hybrid composite restorations manufactured using TSLA technology demonstrated high clinical accuracy and showed a low rate of complications over a 2-year period. TSLA printing technology shows potential for the definitive prosthetic treatment of small edentulous spaces.

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According to Russian researchers, the prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction ranks third in the structure of dental morbidity among adults. In recent decades, the attention of clinicians to the problem of TMD has been growing rapidly due to the difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with malocclusion, complicated by joint pathology. The purpose of this article is to search for new knowledge that will improve quality of diagnosis of dysfunctional changes in the TMJ of patients with various malocclusion pathologies by identifying correlations between anatomical and morphological features of the joint and dentoalveolar anomalies. Understanding the trends in the development of characteristic morphofunctional disorders will make it easier for doctors to plan treatment for orthodontic patients and increase its effectiveness. Such patients require special attention from orthodontists. When writing this article, we have studied a lot of modern literature, as well as studies of foreign and Russian scientists who is involved in the treatment of dysfunction. However, we have not found the information that would show a direct relationship between anatomical and morphological features and malocclusion pathology, which was the purpose of our work. The article describes in detail the morphological and functional changes that occur at different stages TMD, the relationship between the shape of the glenoid fossa morphology process, included classification of the forms condyloid process described features of the development of bone structures of the TMJ depending on the type of pathological occlusion. Revealed statistics demonstrate the dependence of the frequency of dysfunction on the shape of the articular head and fossa. The analysis of computer tomograms of patients of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics of the First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University allows us to conclude that the oval shape of the TMJ head and the rounded shape of the articular surface of the temporal bone can become a prerequisite for the development of dysfunctional changes. The results of our study will help orthodontists improve the quality of diagnostic measures and the effectiveness of treatment of patients with suspected TMD.

Background/Objectives: End-stage chronic kidney disease (ESKD) represents a complex condition that also impacts oral health. This pilot study evaluates and compares some approaches to oral health assessment and aims to define the specific oral features common in adolescents with ESKD. Methods: A total of 50 children aged 12 to 17 years were examined, including 30 adolescents with ESKD (Group 1) and 20 adolescents without urinary pathology (Group 2). The decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index, oral hygiene index-simplified, papillary marginal attached index, and periodontal index were used for dental and periodontal assessment. The Milwaukee PH56 device was used to determine salivary pH. Oral microbiota was analyzed by chromatography–mass spectrometry and polymerase chain reaction detection of periodontopathogenic bacteria. Salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) biomarkers (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, VEGF, sIgA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: DMFT did not differ between the groups. Periodontal indices in Group 1 were increased compared to Group 2 (p < 0.0001). Salivary pH in Group 1 was slightly alkaline; in Group 2, it was slightly acidic (p < 0.0001). Oral dysbiosis and periodontopathogenic bacteria were found in ESKD adolescents. Salivary IL-1β, TNF-α, VEGF, and IL-1β in GCF were elevated in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p < 0.05). TNF-α, IL-8, and VEGF in GCF and TAC in both fluids were lower in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p < 0.0001). Salivary IL-8 and sIgA in both saliva and GCF did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: ESKD adolescents had poor oral hygiene and significant oral dysbiosis including periodontopathogenic bacteria. Evaluation of biomarkers in saliva and GCF allowed us to vindicate inflammation, dysbiosis severity, and periodontal diseases.

Objective. To study bone turnover markers in biological fluids (urine, blood serum, oral fluid (OF) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)) at the stage of planning an orthodontic strategy in children with end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESKD).Materials and methods. Pilot, cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted. A total of 48 children aged 7 to 17 years were examined and divided into three groups: 14 children with ESCKD, 14 children with renal transplant dysfunction (RTD), 20 almost healthy children. Bone turnover markers were assessed by changes in osteocalcin (OC) in the OF, GCF and blood serum, urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD), levels of total, ionized calcium and phosphorus in blood and pH of OF. Bone tissue mineral density was assessed by cone-beam computerized tomography according to the C. Mish classification.Results. All groups of children were comparable by gender and age. All patients had no significant mineral and bone disorders. Total and ionized calcium did not demonstrate statistically significant differences between the study groups. Serum phosphorus level was higher in ESCKD children compared to RTD children and control group. Urinary DPD, OC in GCF and OF pH were higher in children with CKD compared to healthy children. However, there were no statistically significant changes between the ESCKD group and the RTD group. In the posterior maxilla, the Hounsfield index was higher in the group with RTD compared to the ESCKD group (p < 0.01), and similar to the control group. In the anterior maxilla, as well as in the anterior and posterior mandibular regions, the Hounsfield index was higher in the control group than in the ESCKD and RTD groups.Conclusion. The most prominent changes of bone turnover markers were found in children with ESCKD. Urinary DPD and OC in GCF were associated with the decrease in kidney function and jawbone mineral density.

To evaluate the 3-year clinical performance of additively manufactured (AM) hybrid composite short-span implant-supported restorations fabricated through tilting stereolithography (TSLA) within a fully digital workflow. This retrospective clinical study included 218 patients rehabilitated with 278 implant-supported restorations fabricated from a ceramic-filled hybrid composite material using TSLA technology. The restorations comprised 207 single crowns (SCs) and 71 fixed partial dentures (FPDs), supported by 360 implants. All rehabilitations were produced through a complete digital workflow. Primary outcomes included marginal adaptation, occlusal and interproximal contact quality, and chromatic integration, assessed at delivery by two independent evaluators using a 5-point scoring system. Secondary outcomes included restoration survival and restoration success during follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. At delivery, both evaluators assigned predominantly excellent or satisfactory scores for marginal adaptation, occlusal contacts, interproximal contacts and chromatic integration, with no significant differences between restoration types (p > 0.05). During follow-up, 3 biological complications (1.1%) and 19 prosthetic complications (6.8%) were recorded, including 7 cases of abutment screw loosening, 6 decementations and 6 restoration fractures. Two implants failed during early healing, while three patients were lost to follow-up during the third year. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a cumulative restoration survival rate of 97.8% and an overall restoration success rate of 92.0% after 3 years. Within the limitations of this short-term study, TSLA-manufactured hybrid composite restorations demonstrated favourable clinical accuracy, high survival rates and acceptable short-term clinical performance. Hybrid composite restorations fabricated through TSLA may represent a promising option for definitive short-span implant-supported rehabilitations within contemporary digital prosthodontic workflows.