The food security of each country depends on agricultural development, which is sensitive to the implementation of agricultural public policies. These must evolve as new ruralities arise, with new phenomena, such as climate change, ecosystem services, changes in consumer preferences, globalization, sustainability and ecological awareness. Hence, of ex-ante and ex-post evaluations of agricultural policies, are important because they provide timely information to government entities. There are different methodologies for policy evaluation, which have evolved over time. This systematic review aims to identify manuscript that systematically review methodologies, policies and variables evaluated during the last 50 years to determine whether a policy has been efficient. To assess the quality of the included manuscript and to describe the measures and domains identified. EBSCO, Dialnet, SciELO, Scopus, Science Direct, Dimensions and Web of Science were searched. A total of 154 manuscript were identified, the review was finalized by reviewing the title, and abstract and the review was finalized by reviewing the title, abstract and full text, resolving disagreements. Of these 154 manuscripts, 37 met the criteria and were included in the analysis. PRISMA checklists were used to evaluate the methodology. It were found that there are few studies on the design of evaluation methodologies for agricultural policies in the literature. Research shows that the latest policy evaluation proposals present more complex methodologies involving tools such as machine learning and agent-based modelling (ABM). On the other hand, the issue of sustainability as a policy is seen in the agri-environmental policy evaluation. The evolution of agricultural policy methodologies can be observed at the beginning with the use of quantitative methodologies, such as matrices, statistics and econometrics. With the emergence of new variables, such as agri-environmental variables, citizen participation and market opening, methodologies have become more comprehensive, combining qualitative and quantitative variables. Methodologies were identified that evaluate robust agricultural policies and others that focus on the evaluation of one or two policies. These studies are important for research that focuses not only on the evaluation of agricultural policies but also on their design and implementation processes.

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir como el teletrabajo durante la pandemia afectó a los colaboradores del área administrativa y docentes de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas y Económicas del Tecnológico de Antioquia, institución universitaria de la ciudad de Medellín. Metodológicamente, este trabajo se enmarca en los estudios cuantitativos, de tipo descriptivo, no experimental y transeccional. Este estudio parte de la aplicación de un cuestionario con variables asociadas a factores de riesgo psicosociales. Los resultados evidenciaron que la mayoría de las variables se encuentran en un nivel de riesgo medio, del cual se puede esperar una respuesta de estrés moderada; sin embargo, se identificó que un porcentaje significativo manifestó ansiedad por el impacto del COVID-19, debido a que, por la demanda de trabajo, se extendió la jornada laboral. Asimismo, los malestares más comunes encontrados en la muestra objeto de estudio fueron, el dolor de cabeza, dolor en el cuello y tensión muscular, además se identificaron dificultades para la concentración y sensación de irritabilidad; condiciones que representan un factor de riesgo medio- alto.

Legal transplants have consolidated as a core issue of contemporary comparative law, although their study remains marked by significant theoretical and methodological tensions. This article presents a PRISMA-informed structured systematic review of 25 studies published between 2008 and 2025 and retrieved through SciSpace, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science-supported searching, with the aim of identifying conceptual frameworks, recurrent conditions of validity, and practical limitations in recent legal-transplant scholarship. The search yielded 960 exported records; after deduplication and screening, 30 articles were assessed in full text, of which 25 were available and included. The revised article identifies the 25 studies individually and links the descriptive claims to a study-by-study coding table. The findings show five recurrent theoretical lenses: positivist transfer models, culturalist critiques, diffusion mechanisms and multicausal models, communicative metaphors, and mixed transplant concepts. The corpus covers studies in Europe, China, Asia-Pacific, Vietnam, Japan, India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Hungary, Brazil, Africa, Latin America, and transnational settings. The evidence does not support universal causal claims, but it consistently suggests that contextual compatibility, institutional capacity, local legitimacy, and interpretive adaptation shape the effectiveness of legal transplants, while linguistic barriers, interpretive mismatches, coercive imposition, and weak implementation capacity constrain them. The corpus remains concentrated in corporate law, intellectual property, constitutional law, criminal law, and drug policy, with a predominance of comparative, doctrinal, case-study, and conceptual methodologies.

This study examines recurrent pet care spending, its perceived economic incidence on household budgets, and barriers to e-commerce adoption in Yopal, Colombia. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental design, data were collected from a non-probability convenience sample of 619 pet owners. Descriptive statistics, chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, and binary logistic regression models were applied; online-channel adoption was analyzed exploratorily. Higher pet food and annual healthcare expenditures and ownership of two pets were associated with greater odds of perceiving moderate-to-high economic incidence, while partial affective justification was also associated with greater perceived economic incidence. Online purchasing remained marginal, with only 31 respondents identifying it as their primary purchasing channel. Among non-adopters, distrust of digital platforms and limited internet access were the most frequent barriers, with distributions differing significantly across age and income groups. Overall, the findings are consistent with an economically active but digitally incomplete market configuration, where recurrent demand coexists with limited digital transactional development.

The purpose of the present study is to analyze the capacity of green digital transformation and clean energy management to achieve sustainable performance in textile and fashion firms, considering circular economy and green innovation. Drawing on dynamic capabilities theory and the resource-based view, the study argues that green capabilities do not automatically improve sustainable performance; rather, they require internal organizational mechanisms that make them tangible. Based on a survey administered to 283 business managers in Colombia, the proposed theoretical relationships were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results showed that green digital transformation capability and clean energy readiness were positively associated with circular economy practices and green innovation capability, which were, in turn, positively associated with sustainable performance. The study identifies two internal organizational pathways consistent with corporate sustainability in a resource-intensive industry.