The La₂O₃-doped basaltic glass simulated high-level waste form (HLW) was prepared by the solid-state melt method. The simulated waste La₂O₃ maximum loading and the doping effect on structure, thermal stability, leaching behavior, density, and hardness of basaltic glasses were studied. XRD and SEM results show that the simulated waste loading of La₂O₃ in basaltic glass can be up to ~46 wt.%, and apatite (CaLa₄(SiO₄)₃O) precipitates when the content of La₂O₃ reaches 56 wt.%. Raman results indicate that the addition of La₂O₃ breaks the Si–O–Si bond of large-membered and four-membered, but the number of A1³⁺ involved in the formation of the network increase. Low content of La₂O₃ can help to repair the glass network, but it destroys the network as above 26 wt.%. DSC results show the thermal stability of simulated waste forms first increases and then decreases with the increase of La₂O₃ content. With the increase of La₂O₃ content, the density of the simulated waste form increases, and the hardness decreases. The leaching chemical stability of samples was evaluated by the ASTM Product Consistency Test (PCT) Method, which show that all the samples have good chemical stability. The leaching rates of La and Fe are three orders of magnitude lower than those of the other elements. Among them, L36 has the best comprehensive leaching performance.

Abstact: The effect of V₂O₅ addition on molybdates crystallization tendency, glass structure and chemical durability of aluminoborosilicate glass belonging to SiO₂-B₂O₃-CaO-Na₂O-Al₂O₃-MoO₃ system has been studied. The results confirm that V₂O₅ addition can effectively suppress the crystallization tendency of powellite and enhance the molybdenum solubility in the glass. The MoO₃ solubility limit is found to be 2.8 mol% in the V₂O₅-containing aluminoborosilicate glass. Raman results reveal that V₂O₅ addition seems to modify the local structural environment of isolated MoO₄ units and increase their chemical disorder in the glass, which is favored for molybdenum incorporation in the glass. The molar volume and glass transition temperature of samples are found to depend on V₂O₅ content. Product consistency test (PCT) results show that the normalized leaching rates of the V₂O₅-containing aluminoborosilicate glass maintain at a fairly low level compared with standard borosilicate glassy waste form.

Low-alkali borosilicate glass was used as the immobilization substrate, and Ce was used to replicate the trivalent and tetravalent actinides, in order to create simulated waste glass through melt heat treatment. The valence of Ce and solubility of CeO₂ in waste glass were studied as well as its network structure and thermal and chemical stability. The solubility of Ce in waste glass was examined by XRD and SEM. The network structure was examined by Raman spectroscopy. The valence of Ce was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Thermal analysis and product consistency (PCT) were employed to determine the thermal and chemical stability of waste glasses. The results show that the solubility of cerium in low-alkali borosilicate glasses is at least 25.wt.% and precipitates a spherical CeO₂ crystalline phase when it exceeds the solid solution limit; Ce is immobilized in the glass by entering the interstices of the glass network. Depolymerization and the transition from [BO₃] to [BO₄] occurs when CeO₂ doping levels rise. About 60 percent of Ce⁴⁺ is converted to Ce³⁺, and the thermal stability of glass rises then falls with the increase of CeO₂. All samples exhibit strong leaching resistance, with the average mass loss of Ce at 28 days being less than 10⁻⁴ gm⁻²d⁻¹.

A superhydrophobic material was prepared by a simple and easily accessed sol-gel method using epoxy resin (E-51) and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) as the precursors, aqueous ammonia (NH₄OH) as the catalyst and hydrogenated silicone oil (PMHS) as the hydrophobic modifier, and then pelleting the final product. The morphologies, surface chemical properties and thermal stability of the superhydrophobic bulk materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectrometry and thermal analyzer. The hydrophobic properties and repairability of the as-prepared materials were also studied. The results showed that the prepared epoxy resin-hydrogenated silicone oil bulk materials were composed of tightly bound nanoparticles with a size of 50–100 nm in diameter. The material showed excellent superhydrophobic properties with a surface contact angle of 152°. The material also had good thermal resistance with a heat-resistant temperature of 300 °C and showed good repairability. The epoxy resin-hydrogenated silicone oil bulk superhydrophobic material exhibited excellent performance and showed wide application prospects.