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Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento
Department of Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering—IME, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Urca, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil

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Journal article
Published: 20 June 2021 in Polymers
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Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is one of the most investigated and industrially applied natural fibers for polymer composite reinforcement. However, relatively limited information is available regarding its epoxy composites. In this work, both thermal and chemical properties were, for the first time, determined in kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites. Through XRD analysis, a microfibrillar angle of 7.1° and crystallinity index of 44.3% was obtained. The FTIR analysis showed the functional groups normally found for natural lignocellulosic fibers. TMA analysis of the composites with 10 vol% and 20 vol% of kenaf fibers disclosed a higher coefficient of thermal expansion. The TG/DTG results of the epoxy composites revealed enhanced thermal stability when compared to plain epoxy. The DSC results corroborated the results obtained by TGA, which indicated a higher mass loss in the first stage for kenaf when compared to its composites. These results might contribute to kenaf fiber composite applications requiring superior performance.

ACS Style

Thuane Silva; Pedro Silveira; Matheus Ribeiro; Maurício Lemos; Ana da Silva; Sergio Monteiro; Lucio Nascimento. Thermal and Chemical Characterization of Kenaf Fiber (Hibiscus cannabinus) Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites. Polymers 2021, 13, 2016 .

AMA Style

Thuane Silva, Pedro Silveira, Matheus Ribeiro, Maurício Lemos, Ana da Silva, Sergio Monteiro, Lucio Nascimento. Thermal and Chemical Characterization of Kenaf Fiber (Hibiscus cannabinus) Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites. Polymers. 2021; 13 (12):2016.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thuane Silva; Pedro Silveira; Matheus Ribeiro; Maurício Lemos; Ana da Silva; Sergio Monteiro; Lucio Nascimento. 2021. "Thermal and Chemical Characterization of Kenaf Fiber (Hibiscus cannabinus) Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites." Polymers 13, no. 12: 2016.

Brief report
Published: 07 June 2021 in Polymers
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The coating of natural fiber by graphene oxide (GO) has, over, this past decade, attracted increasing attention as an effective way to improve the adhesion to polymer matrices and enhance the composite properties. In particular, the GO-functionalized 30 vol% curaua fiber (Ananas Erectifolius) reinforcing epoxy composite was found to display superior tensile and thermogravimetric properties as well as higher fiber/matrix interfacial shear strength. In this brief report, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted in up to 50 vol% GO-functionalized curaua fiber reinforced epoxy matrix (EM) composites. The objective was not only to extend the amount incorporated but also for the first time investigate the composite viscoelastic behavior. The GO functionalization of curaua fibers (GOCF) improved the DMA storage (E′) and loss (E″) modulus compared to the non-functionalized fiber composites. Values at 30 °C of both E′ (13.44 GPa) and E″ (0.67 GPa) for 50 vol% GO-functionalized curaua fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites (50GOCF/EM) were substantially higher than those of 20 GOCF/EM with E′ (7.08 GPa) and E″ (0.22 GPa) as well as non-functionalized 50CF/EM with E′ (11.04 GPa) and E″ (0.45 GPa). All these results are above the neat epoxy previously reported values of E′ (3.86 GPa) and E″ (0.09 GPa). As for the tangent delta, the parameters associated with damping factor and glass transition temperature were not found to be significantly changed by GO functionalization, but decreased with respect to the neat epoxy due to chain mobility restriction.

ACS Style

Ulisses Costa; Lucio Nascimento; Wendell Almeida Bezerra; Vinícius De Oliveira Aguiar; Artur Pereira; Sergio Monteiro; Wagner Pinheiro. Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Graphene Oxide Functionalized Curaua Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites: A Brief Report. Polymers 2021, 13, 1897 .

AMA Style

Ulisses Costa, Lucio Nascimento, Wendell Almeida Bezerra, Vinícius De Oliveira Aguiar, Artur Pereira, Sergio Monteiro, Wagner Pinheiro. Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Graphene Oxide Functionalized Curaua Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites: A Brief Report. Polymers. 2021; 13 (11):1897.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ulisses Costa; Lucio Nascimento; Wendell Almeida Bezerra; Vinícius De Oliveira Aguiar; Artur Pereira; Sergio Monteiro; Wagner Pinheiro. 2021. "Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of Graphene Oxide Functionalized Curaua Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites: A Brief Report." Polymers 13, no. 11: 1897.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2021 in MIX Sustentável
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Este estudo versa sobre a viabilidade de aproveitamento de fibras de coco e resíduos de polietileno (PEAD) para a produção de telhas em camadas para a construção civil. Esses resíduos têm demonstrado resultados consideráveis quanto a sua utilização na construção civil, possibilitando a produção de materiais de construção ecológica. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura construída com base em textos científicos publicados em base de dados como, Scielo, Google Acadêmico e periódicos da Capes, selecionados entre os anos de 1997 a 2019. Além disso, foram considerados também alguns boletins técnicos de indústrias nacionais. Deste modo, realizou-se um levantamento comparativo dos dados obtidos para a associação desses resíduos incluindo a preocupação com os impactos ambientais relacionados ao processo de conformação das fibras, destacando o uso de adesivos bioresinosos. Portanto, foi possível conhecer além dos parâmetros de associação, também os processos de produção de compósitos e de refusão do PEAD podendo ser aplicados à produção de materiais de construção como, por exemplo, telhas termoacústicas.

ACS Style

Márcio Araújo De Souza; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Kátia Eliane Santos Avelar. ANÁLISE DE VIABILIDADE DE PRODUÇÃO DE COBERTURA ECOLÓGICA A PARTIR DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS. MIX Sustentável 2021, 7, 105 -114.

AMA Style

Márcio Araújo De Souza, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Kátia Eliane Santos Avelar. ANÁLISE DE VIABILIDADE DE PRODUÇÃO DE COBERTURA ECOLÓGICA A PARTIR DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS. MIX Sustentável. 2021; 7 (2):105-114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Márcio Araújo De Souza; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Kátia Eliane Santos Avelar. 2021. "ANÁLISE DE VIABILIDADE DE PRODUÇÃO DE COBERTURA ECOLÓGICA A PARTIR DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS." MIX Sustentável 7, no. 2: 105-114.

Journal article
Published: 02 October 2020 in Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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In the present work, two types of composites were produced, both reinforced with 30 vol% of curaua fibers (CF). In the first type, only the fiber was functionalized with graphene oxide (GO), producing the GOCF/EM composite. While in the second, only the epoxy matrix (EM) was functionalized, producing the CF/GOEM composite. The objective of the work was to investigate the influence of functionalization with GO on the tensile properties of these produced composites. In comparison with the non GO-functionalized composite, as control CF/EM, the results revealed an increase in yield strength (64%), tensile strength (40%), Young's modulus (60%) and toughness (28%) of the CF/GOEM composite. The GOCF/EM composites for which the fibers were functionalized with GO also performed better than the CF/EM composite. The ANOVA and Tukey tests confirm this increase. As for ductility, within the standard deviation, no change was observed between samples functionalized by GO and those from the control. For the first time, comparing the results of the composites, it was demonstrated that a polymer matrix functionalized by GO offers superior tensile performance compared to the other types, keeping the same GO concentration in the composite. This fact is corroborated by the analysis of the corresponding fracture mechanisms. Preliminary results of composite with simultaneous functionalization of both fiber and epoxy matrix failed to present superior properties. This might be attributed to high amount of GO, which is apparently not a good reinforcement as the curaua fiber.

ACS Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Julianna Magalhães Garcia; Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra; Garcia Filho Fabio da Costa; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Mechanical properties of composites with graphene oxide functionalization of either epoxy matrix or curaua fiber reinforcement. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2020, 9, 13390 -13401.

AMA Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Julianna Magalhães Garcia, Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra, Garcia Filho Fabio da Costa, Fernanda Santos da Luz, Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Mechanical properties of composites with graphene oxide functionalization of either epoxy matrix or curaua fiber reinforcement. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2020; 9 (6):13390-13401.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Julianna Magalhães Garcia; Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra; Garcia Filho Fabio da Costa; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2020. "Mechanical properties of composites with graphene oxide functionalization of either epoxy matrix or curaua fiber reinforcement." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9, no. 6: 13390-13401.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2020 in Polymers
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A basic characterization of novel epoxy matrix composites incorporated with up to 40 vol% of processed leaf fibers from the Copernicia prunifera palm tree, known as carnauba fibers, was performed. The tensile properties for the composite reinforced with 40 vol% of carnauba fibers showed an increase (40%) in the tensile strength and (69%) for the elastic modulus. All composites presented superior elongation values in comparison to neat epoxy. Izod impact tests complemented by fibers/matrix interfacial strength evaluation by pullout test and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed for the first time a significant reinforcement effect (> 9 times) caused by the carnauba fiber to polymer matrix. Additional thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) showed the onset of thermal degradation for the composites (326 ~ 306 °C), which represents a better thermal stability than the plain carnauba fiber (267 °C) but slightly lower than that of the neat epoxy (342 °C). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) disclosed an endothermic peak at 63 °C for the neat epoxy associated with the glass transition temperature (Tg). DSC endothermic peaks for the composites, between 73 to 103 °C, and for the plain carnauba fibers, 107 °C, are attributed to moisture release. Dynamic mechanical analysis confirms Tg of 64 °C for the neat epoxy and slightly higher composite values (82–84 °C) due to the carnauba fiber interference with the epoxy macromolecular chain mobility. Both by its higher impact resistance and thermal behavior, the novel carnauba fibers epoxy composites might be considered a viable substitute for commonly used glass fiber composites.

ACS Style

Raí Felipe Pereira Junio; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Lucas De Mendonça Neuba; Andressa Teixeira Souza; João Victor Barbosa Moura; Fábio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Copernicia Prunifera Leaf Fiber: A Promising New Reinforcement for Epoxy Composites. Polymers 2020, 12, 2090 .

AMA Style

Raí Felipe Pereira Junio, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Lucas De Mendonça Neuba, Andressa Teixeira Souza, João Victor Barbosa Moura, Fábio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Copernicia Prunifera Leaf Fiber: A Promising New Reinforcement for Epoxy Composites. Polymers. 2020; 12 (9):2090.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raí Felipe Pereira Junio; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Lucas De Mendonça Neuba; Andressa Teixeira Souza; João Victor Barbosa Moura; Fábio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2020. "Copernicia Prunifera Leaf Fiber: A Promising New Reinforcement for Epoxy Composites." Polymers 12, no. 9: 2090.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Polymers
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A growing environmental concern is increasing the search for new sustainable materials. In this scenario, natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) became an important alternative to replace synthetic fibers commonly used as composites reinforcement. In this regard, unknown NLFs such as the caranan fiber (Mauritiella armata) found in South American rain forests revealed promising properties for engineering applications. Thus, for the first time, the present work conducted a technical characterization of caranan fiber-incorporated composites. Epoxy matrix composites with 10, 20 and 30 vol% of continuous and aligned caranan fibers were investigated by tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Composites with more than 10% vol of caranan fibers significantly increase the elastic modulus and toughness in comparison to the neat epoxy. Indeed, the composite with 30 vol% was 50% stiffer, 130% tougher, and 100% stronger, which characterized an effective reinforcement. As for the elastic modulus, total strain and tensile toughness, there is a clear tendency of improvement with the amount of caranan fiber. The TGA disclosed the highest onset temperature of degradation (298 °C) with the least mass loss (36.8%) for the 30 vol% caranan fiber composite. It also displayed a higher degradation peak at 334 °C among the studied composites. The lowest glass transition temperature of 63 °C was obtained by DSC, while the highest of 113 °C by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) for the 30 vol% caranan composite. These basic technical findings emphasize the caranan fiber potential as reinforcement for polymer composites.

ACS Style

Andressa Teixeira Souza; Raí Felipe Pereira Junio; Lucas De Mendonça Neuba; Verônica Scarpini Candido; Alisson Clay Rios Da Silva; Afonso Rangel Garcez De Azevedo; Sergio Neves Monteiro; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento. Caranan Fiber from Mauritiella armata Palm Tree as Novel Reinforcement for Epoxy Composites. Polymers 2020, 12, 2037 .

AMA Style

Andressa Teixeira Souza, Raí Felipe Pereira Junio, Lucas De Mendonça Neuba, Verônica Scarpini Candido, Alisson Clay Rios Da Silva, Afonso Rangel Garcez De Azevedo, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento. Caranan Fiber from Mauritiella armata Palm Tree as Novel Reinforcement for Epoxy Composites. Polymers. 2020; 12 (9):2037.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andressa Teixeira Souza; Raí Felipe Pereira Junio; Lucas De Mendonça Neuba; Verônica Scarpini Candido; Alisson Clay Rios Da Silva; Afonso Rangel Garcez De Azevedo; Sergio Neves Monteiro; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento. 2020. "Caranan Fiber from Mauritiella armata Palm Tree as Novel Reinforcement for Epoxy Composites." Polymers 12, no. 9: 2037.

Journal article
Published: 26 August 2020 in Polymers
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Natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites have recently drawn attention as new materials for ballistic armor due to sustainability benefits and lower cost as compared to conventional synthetic fibers, such as aramid and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). In the present work, a comparison was carried out between the ballistic performance of UHMWPE composite, commercially known as Dyneema, and epoxy composite reinforced with 30 vol % natural fibers extracted from pineapple leaves (PALF) in a hard armor system. This hard armor system aims to provide additional protection to conventional level IIIA ballistic armor vests, made with Kevlar, by introducing the PALF composite plate, effectively changing the ballistic armor into level III. This level of protection allows the ballistic armor to be safely subjected to higher impact projectiles, such as 7.62 mm caliber rifle ammunition. The results indicate that a hard armor with a ceramic front followed by the PALF/epoxy composite meets the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) international standard for level III protection and performs comparably to that of the Dyneema plate, commonly used in armor vests.

ACS Style

Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Composites with Natural Fibers and Conventional Materials Applied in a Hard Armor: A Comparison. Polymers 2020, 12, 1920 .

AMA Style

Fernanda Santos Da Luz, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Michelle Souza Oliveira, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Composites with Natural Fibers and Conventional Materials Applied in a Hard Armor: A Comparison. Polymers. 2020; 12 (9):1920.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2020. "Composites with Natural Fibers and Conventional Materials Applied in a Hard Armor: A Comparison." Polymers 12, no. 9: 1920.

Journal article
Published: 09 June 2020 in Polymers
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Natural lignocellulosic fibers and corresponding fabrics have been gaining notoriety in recent decades as reinforcement options for polymer matrices associated with industrially applied composites. These natural fibers and fabrics exhibit competitive properties when compared with some synthetics such as glass fiber. In particular, the use of fabrics made from natural fibers might be considered a more efficient alternative, since they provide multidirectional reinforcement and allow the introduction of a larger volume fraction of fibers in the composite. In this context, it is important to understand the mechanical performance of natural fabric composites as a basic condition to ensure efficient engineering applications. Therefore, it is also important to recognize that ramie fiber exhibiting superior strength can be woven into fabric, but is the least investigated as reinforcement in strong, tough polymers to obtain tougher polymeric composites. Accordingly, this paper presents the preparation of epoxy composite containing 30 vol.% Boehmeria nivea fabric by vacuum-assisted resin infusion molding technique and mechanical behavior characterization of the prepared composite. Obtained results are explained based on the fractography studies of tested samples.

ACS Style

Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Kestur Gundappa Satyanarayana; Jaroslaw Wieslaw Drelich; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Mechanical Properties of Boehmeria nivea Natural Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composite Prepared by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion Molding. Polymers 2020, 12, 1311 .

AMA Style

Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Fernanda Santos Da Luz, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Kestur Gundappa Satyanarayana, Jaroslaw Wieslaw Drelich, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Mechanical Properties of Boehmeria nivea Natural Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composite Prepared by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion Molding. Polymers. 2020; 12 (6):1311.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Kestur Gundappa Satyanarayana; Jaroslaw Wieslaw Drelich; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2020. "Mechanical Properties of Boehmeria nivea Natural Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composite Prepared by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion Molding." Polymers 12, no. 6: 1311.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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Engineering applications involving polymer composites reinforced with natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) have greatly increased in recent decades due to advantages associated not only with favorable composite properties but also fiber sustainability and cost-effectiveness. A search for less common NLFs is currently an endeavor for the development of novel composites with improved properties. In particular, for applications above room temperature, the thermal resistance must be characterize. In the present work composites reinforced with up to 30 vol% fabric made of buriti, a relatively unknown natural fiber from Brazil, with limited reported information, were characterized by thermogravimetric/derivative (TG/DTG) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Preliminarily, the plain buriti fiber was investigated in terms of X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and TG/DTG analysis. XRD pattern allowed, for the first time, the evaluation of a microfibril angle of 7° and crystallinity index of 63%. FTIR bands for buriti fibers were also obtained with expected results. TG/DTG results indicate for the buriti fiber a limit degradation temperature around 200 °C and for the buriti fabric epoxy composites at about 250 °C. Dynamic mechanical analysis of composites disclosed similar viscoelastic stiffness values but an increasing glass transition temperature with the amount of buriti fabric.

ACS Style

Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Neves Monteiro; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Flavio James Humberto Tommasini Vieira Ramos; Artur Camposo Pereira; Fábio Oliveira Braga. Thermal and structural characterization of buriti fibers and their relevance in fabric reinforced composites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2020, 9, 115 -123.

AMA Style

Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Fernanda Santos da Luz, Michelle Souza Oliveira, Flavio James Humberto Tommasini Vieira Ramos, Artur Camposo Pereira, Fábio Oliveira Braga. Thermal and structural characterization of buriti fibers and their relevance in fabric reinforced composites. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2020; 9 (1):115-123.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Neves Monteiro; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Flavio James Humberto Tommasini Vieira Ramos; Artur Camposo Pereira; Fábio Oliveira Braga. 2020. "Thermal and structural characterization of buriti fibers and their relevance in fabric reinforced composites." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9, no. 1: 115-123.

Journal article
Published: 23 December 2019 in Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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Multilayered Armor Systems are low density plates used in personal protection against high-impact energy ammunition. Such system promotes effective protection, by dissipating the projectile energy and preventing the penetration of fragments. Kevlar™ is commonly used as one of the layers. However, recently, cost-effectives composites reinforced with natural fibers have been considered as an alternative. This work aimed to evaluate the performance of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with stiffer natural piassava fibers as a standing alone target against high energy ammunition. Composites with up to 50 vol% of piassava fibers were produced by press molding. The influence of the volume fraction in the main failure mode observed and the limit velocity ballistic parameter were determined. Macro and microscopically analyses were performed to determinate the failure mechanism. Statistical analyses were used to evaluate the results obtained. It was verified that the 50 vol% reinforced composites were those that presented the best performance, which was found comparable to the results obtained for Kevlar™.

ACS Style

Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Artur Camposo Pereira; Lucio Nascimento; José Ricardo Gomes Matheus; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Ballistic behavior of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with piassava fiber against high energy ammunition. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2019, 9, 1734 -1741.

AMA Style

Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Michelle Souza Oliveira, Artur Camposo Pereira, Lucio Nascimento, José Ricardo Gomes Matheus, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Ballistic behavior of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with piassava fiber against high energy ammunition. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2019; 9 (2):1734-1741.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Artur Camposo Pereira; Lucio Nascimento; José Ricardo Gomes Matheus; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2019. "Ballistic behavior of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with piassava fiber against high energy ammunition." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9, no. 2: 1734-1741.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2019 in Materials
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Knowledge about the curing behavior of a thermosetting resin and its composites includes the determination of kinetic parameters and constitutes an important scientific and technological tool for industrial process optimization. In the present work, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique was used to determine several curing parameters for pure epoxy and its composite reinforced with 20 vol % mallow fibers. Analyses were performed with heating rates of 5, 7.5, and 10 °C/min, as per the ASTM E698 standard. The kinetic related parameters, that is, activation energy (E), Avrami’s pre-exponential factor (Z), and mean time to reach 50% cure (t½), were obtained for the materials, at temperatures ranging from 25 to 100 °C. Response surfaces based on the mathematical relationship between reaction time, transformed fraction, and temperature were provided for optimization purposes. The results showed that the average curing time used for the production of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/triethylenetetramine (DGEBA/TETA) epoxy systems or their composites reinforced with natural mallow fibers can be considerably reduced as the temperature is increased up to a certain limit.

ACS Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Fábio De Oliveira Braga; Édio Pereira Lima Júnior; Sergio Monteiro. Curing Kinetic Parameters of Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Mallow Fibers. Materials 2019, 12, 3939 .

AMA Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Fernanda Santos Da Luz, Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Fábio De Oliveira Braga, Édio Pereira Lima Júnior, Sergio Monteiro. Curing Kinetic Parameters of Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Mallow Fibers. Materials. 2019; 12 (23):3939.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Fábio De Oliveira Braga; Édio Pereira Lima Júnior; Sergio Monteiro. 2019. "Curing Kinetic Parameters of Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Mallow Fibers." Materials 12, no. 23: 3939.

Journal article
Published: 25 November 2019 in Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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Epoxy composites reinforced with 10, 20 and 30 vol% of a natural lignocellulosic fiber, the mallow fiber, were investigated for mechanical properties associated with Izod notch toughness and flexural resistance. For Izod tests, 150 × 120 × 10 mm plates and for three-point bend tests, 150 × 120 × 6 mm plates were fabricated in a steel mold by mixing aligned fibers with necessary percentage of diglycidyl ether of the bisphenol an epoxy resin hardened with triethylene tetramine. Each plate was kept under load of 5 ton during 24 h of curing at 25 °C. Both Izod and bend specimens were machined from corresponding plates and tested according to ASTM D256 and ASTM D790 standards, respectively. The results showed that composites with 20 and 30% of mallow fibers display a more effective reinforcement, with the predominance of fracture mechanisms, such as fiber rupture and interfacial detachment between the fibers and the matrix. The analysis of the results of both impact energies and flexural properties, was performed by the ANOVA statistics and Tukey test. Based on a 95% confidence level, the Tukey test showed that the 30 vol% of mallow fiber reinforced epoxy composites has the best performance, achieving the highest values of energy absorption, maximum flexural strength and rupture modulus. These results revealed that mallow fiber reinforced epoxy composites have promising applications as engineering materials.

ACS Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Julianna Magalhães Garcia; Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra; Sergio Monteiro. Evaluation of Izod impact and bend properties of epoxy composites reinforced with mallow fibers. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2019, 9, 373 -382.

AMA Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Julianna Magalhães Garcia, Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra, Sergio Monteiro. Evaluation of Izod impact and bend properties of epoxy composites reinforced with mallow fibers. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2019; 9 (1):373-382.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Julianna Magalhães Garcia; Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra; Sergio Monteiro. 2019. "Evaluation of Izod impact and bend properties of epoxy composites reinforced with mallow fibers." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9, no. 1: 373-382.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2019 in Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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ACS Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Artur Camposo Pereira; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Henry Alonso Colorado Lopera; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Statistical analysis of notch toughness of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with fique fabric. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 2019, 8, 6051 -6057.

AMA Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Fernanda Santos da Luz, Artur Camposo Pereira, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Henry Alonso Colorado Lopera, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Statistical analysis of notch toughness of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with fique fabric. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2019; 8 (6):6051-6057.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Artur Camposo Pereira; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Henry Alonso Colorado Lopera; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2019. "Statistical analysis of notch toughness of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with fique fabric." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8, no. 6: 6051-6057.

Journal article
Published: 16 August 2019 in Polymers
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Composites with sustainable natural fibers are currently experiencing remarkably diversified applications, including in engineering industries, owing to their lower cost and density as well as ease in processing. Among the natural fibers, the fiber extracted from the leaves of the Amazonian curaua plant (Ananas erectifolius) is a promising strong candidate to replace synthetic fibers, such as aramid (Kevlar™), in multilayered armor system (MAS) intended for ballistic protection against level III high velocity ammunition. Another remarkable material, the graphene oxide is attracting considerable attention for its properties, especially as coating to improve the interfacial adhesion in polymer composites. Thus, the present work investigates the performance of graphene oxide coated curaua fiber (GOCF) reinforced epoxy composite, as a front ceramic MAS second layer in ballistic test against level III 7.62 mm ammunition. Not only GOCF composite with 30 vol% fibers attended the standard ballistic requirement with 27.4 ± 0.3 mm of indentation comparable performance to Kevlar™ 24 ± 7 mm with same thickness, but also remained intact, which was not the case of non-coated curaua fiber similar composite. Mechanisms of ceramic fragments capture, curaua fibrils separation, curaua fiber pullout, composite delamination, curaua fiber braking, and epoxy matrix rupture were for the first time discussed as a favorable combination in a MAS second layer to effectively dissipate the projectile impact energy.

ACS Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Julianna Magalhães Garcia; Sergio Monteiro; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho. Effect of Graphene Oxide Coating on Natural Fiber Composite for Multilayered Ballistic Armor. Polymers 2019, 11, 1356 .

AMA Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Julianna Magalhães Garcia, Sergio Monteiro, Fernanda Santos Da Luz, Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho. Effect of Graphene Oxide Coating on Natural Fiber Composite for Multilayered Ballistic Armor. Polymers. 2019; 11 (8):1356.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Julianna Magalhães Garcia; Sergio Monteiro; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho. 2019. "Effect of Graphene Oxide Coating on Natural Fiber Composite for Multilayered Ballistic Armor." Polymers 11, no. 8: 1356.

Conference paper
Published: 16 February 2019 in Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago
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The mallow fibers (Urena lobata, linn) demonstrate great potential for the use as reinforcement in polymer matrix composites. In this work, epoxy composites with mallow fibers were produced in volumetric fractions of 0 and 10%, with the objective of investigating the average Izod impact energies. For the composites with 0 and 10% of mallow fibers, there was ineffective performance of the reinforcement, with the predominance of fragile fracture mechanisms, seen through SEM analysis. It was verified that there was an increase of the impact energy between the epoxy matrix and the composite with 10% of mallow fibers in 1697%.

ACS Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Monteiro; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes. Izod Impact Test on Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Mallow Fibers. Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago 2019, 143 -149.

AMA Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Sergio Monteiro, Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes. Izod Impact Test on Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Mallow Fibers. Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago. 2019; ():143-149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Monteiro; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes. 2019. "Izod Impact Test on Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Mallow Fibers." Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago , no. : 143-149.

Conference paper
Published: 16 February 2019 in The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series
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Natural fibers have been investigated as composites reinforcement for technological applications. Several natural fiber composites were found to present similar ballistic performance as synthetic materials, such as KevlarTM in multilayered systems (MASs) against high-impact energy projectiles. MASs with a front ceramic followed by natural fibers, natural fabrics or natural non-woven mat such as curaua, jute, sisal, ramie, coir, piassava, fique, and sugarcane bagasse reinforcing polymer matrix composites attend the standards for personal ballistic protection against the threat of 7.62 mm ammunition. These natural fibers or fabrics or non-woven mats composites, as second MAS layer, succeed to capture the cloud of fragments resulting from the projectile impact on the ceramic layer with comparable ballistic efficiency as conventional synthetic aramid fiber composites with same thickness. In this work, the development of research dedicated to these natural fiber-based composites in MASs are overviewed and their advantages over synthetic materials are emphasized, especially the much lower cost.

ACS Style

Sergio Neves Monteiro; Jaroslaw Wieslaw Drelich; Henry Alonso Colorado Lopera; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Luís Carlos da Silva; Jheison Lopes dos Santos; Fábio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Foluke Salgado de Assis; Édio Pereira Lima; Artur Camposo Pereira; Noan Tonini Simonassi; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Raphael Henrique Morais Reis; Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra. Natural Fibers Reinforced Polymer Composites Applied in Ballistic Multilayered Armor for Personal Protection—An Overview. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series 2019, 33 -47.

AMA Style

Sergio Neves Monteiro, Jaroslaw Wieslaw Drelich, Henry Alonso Colorado Lopera, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Fernanda Santos da Luz, Luís Carlos da Silva, Jheison Lopes dos Santos, Fábio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Foluke Salgado de Assis, Édio Pereira Lima, Artur Camposo Pereira, Noan Tonini Simonassi, Michelle Souza Oliveira, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Raphael Henrique Morais Reis, Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra. Natural Fibers Reinforced Polymer Composites Applied in Ballistic Multilayered Armor for Personal Protection—An Overview. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. 2019; ():33-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sergio Neves Monteiro; Jaroslaw Wieslaw Drelich; Henry Alonso Colorado Lopera; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Luís Carlos da Silva; Jheison Lopes dos Santos; Fábio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Foluke Salgado de Assis; Édio Pereira Lima; Artur Camposo Pereira; Noan Tonini Simonassi; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Raphael Henrique Morais Reis; Wendell Bruno Almeida Bezerra. 2019. "Natural Fibers Reinforced Polymer Composites Applied in Ballistic Multilayered Armor for Personal Protection—An Overview." The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series , no. : 33-47.

Conference paper
Published: 16 February 2019 in Green Materials Engineering
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Multilayered armor system (MAS) layers are composed of materials such as a front ceramic and a back composite that must show both high impact resistance and low weight. Recently, composites reinforced with natural fibers have been considered as MAS second layer thanks to their efficient ballistic performance associated with other advantages such as being cheaper and environmentally friendly. Among the natural fibers, the fique fiber has shown potential as reinforcement of polymer composites for engineering applications. Epoxy matrix composites reinforced with up to 25 vol.% of fique fiber were for the first time ballistic tested. For practical application as armor for personal protection, the layer of fique fiber composite presents not only a superior ballistic performance but also lightness and economical advantages over the conventional aramid fabric.

ACS Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira; Artur Camposo Pereira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Fabio De Oliveira Braga; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Édio Pereira Lima; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Fique Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composite for Ballistic Armor Against 7.62 mm Ammunition. Green Materials Engineering 2019, 193 -199.

AMA Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira, Artur Camposo Pereira, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Fernanda Santos da Luz, Fabio De Oliveira Braga, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Édio Pereira Lima, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Fique Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composite for Ballistic Armor Against 7.62 mm Ammunition. Green Materials Engineering. 2019; ():193-199.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira; Artur Camposo Pereira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos da Luz; Fabio De Oliveira Braga; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Édio Pereira Lima; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2019. "Fique Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composite for Ballistic Armor Against 7.62 mm Ammunition." Green Materials Engineering , no. : 193-199.

Conference paper
Published: 16 February 2019 in Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago
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In the present work, natural fibers of mallow (Urena Lobata, Linn) were used in percentages of 0, 10, 20, and 30% vol. for ballistic application in epoxy matrix composites. The ballistic efficiency of these composites was evaluated through the measurement of the absorbed energy and the velocity limit, after impact of 7.62 mm ammunition, in order to compare with work that used composites with other natural fibers and traditional materials, such as aramid fabrics, used in vests for individual protection. The results showed through visual analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicate the main mechanism of rupture acting in the composites was the delamination of layers. In all cases analyzed in this work, the parameters obtained for the residual velocity test were higher than those found for aramid tissue. This fact evidences the viability of the fibers/mallow fabric for use in dynamic applications, especially those related to ballistic protection.

ACS Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Monteiro; Jheison Lopes Dos Santos; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes. Evaluation of the Absorbed Energy and Velocity Limits of Reinforced Epoxy Composites with Mallow Natural Fibers Used in Ballistic Protection. Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago 2019, 185 -192.

AMA Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Sergio Monteiro, Jheison Lopes Dos Santos, Ulisses Oliveira Costa, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes. Evaluation of the Absorbed Energy and Velocity Limits of Reinforced Epoxy Composites with Mallow Natural Fibers Used in Ballistic Protection. Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago. 2019; ():185-192.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Monteiro; Jheison Lopes Dos Santos; Ulisses Oliveira Costa; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes. 2019. "Evaluation of the Absorbed Energy and Velocity Limits of Reinforced Epoxy Composites with Mallow Natural Fibers Used in Ballistic Protection." Proceedings of the International Conference on Martensitic Transformations: Chicago , no. : 185-192.

Conference paper
Published: 16 February 2019 in The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series
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Natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) have been studied as a possible compound of multilayered armor system (MAS) when used as reinforcement in polymeric matrix composite. Among the NLFs, the buriti fiber (“Mauritia Flexuosa”) is a highlight due to its mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strength. Therefore, the use of these buriti fibers as fabrics in an epoxy composite is a promising candidate for ballistic against applications a high-velocity 7.62-mm ammunition as intermediate layers in the MAS. Composites reinforced with 10 vol% were evaluated and compared with aramid fabric as well as with other NLFs composites commonly used as second layer in the MAS. It was observed that the conditions studied exhibit a surprising behavior. Any of the samples were perforated after the ballistic impact. Moreover, the measured indentation depth is much lower than the maximum predicted by the international standard NIJ 0101.04.

ACS Style

Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Artur Camposo Pereira; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Édio Pereira Lima; Leandro Alberto Da Cruz Demosthenes; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Evaluation of Buriti Fabric as Reinforcement of Polymeric Matrix Composite for Ballistic Application as Multilayered Armor System. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series 2019, 177 -183.

AMA Style

Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Michelle Souza Oliveira, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Artur Camposo Pereira, Fernanda Santos Da Luz, Édio Pereira Lima, Leandro Alberto Da Cruz Demosthenes, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Evaluation of Buriti Fabric as Reinforcement of Polymeric Matrix Composite for Ballistic Application as Multilayered Armor System. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. 2019; ():177-183.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Michelle Souza Oliveira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Artur Camposo Pereira; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Édio Pereira Lima; Leandro Alberto Da Cruz Demosthenes; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2019. "Evaluation of Buriti Fabric as Reinforcement of Polymeric Matrix Composite for Ballistic Application as Multilayered Armor System." The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series , no. : 177-183.

Articles
Published: 01 January 2019 in Materials Research
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The fique is a plant typical of the Colombian Andes, from which relatively common items are fabricated. One of these is woven fabric extensively applied in sackcloths. The mechanical strength of fique fabric have motivated recent investigations on possible reinforcement of polymer matrix composites. For this purpose its thermo-mechanical behavior was unveiled. In particular, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of fique fabric reinforced polyester matrix composites disclosed improved viscoelastic behavior in association with change in the glass transition temperature. The present work extends this investigation to epoxy matrix, which is one of the most employed thermoset polymer for composite matrix. Fique fabric volumetric fractions of up to 50% are for the first time incorporated into epoxy composites. It was found that these incorporations significantly increased the viscoelastic stiffness of the composite, given by the storage modulus (E’), in the temperature interval from -50 to 170°C. An accentuated softening in viscoelastic stiffness was revealed for all composites above 75°C. Peaks in both the loss modulus (E”) and tangent delta (tan δ), respectively associated with the lower and upper limits of the glass transition temperature, were shifted towards higher temperatures with increasing amount of fique fabric.

ACS Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Artur Camposo Pereira; Henry Colorado; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Neves Monteiro. Evaluation of Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Fique Fabric/Epoxy Composites. Materials Research 2019, 22, 1 .

AMA Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira, Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho, Fernanda Santos Da Luz, Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes, Artur Camposo Pereira, Henry Colorado, Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento, Sergio Neves Monteiro. Evaluation of Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Fique Fabric/Epoxy Composites. Materials Research. 2019; 22 (suppl 1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michelle Souza Oliveira; Fabio Da Costa Garcia Filho; Fernanda Santos Da Luz; Luana Cristyne Da Cruz Demosthenes; Artur Camposo Pereira; Henry Colorado; Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento; Sergio Neves Monteiro. 2019. "Evaluation of Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Fique Fabric/Epoxy Composites." Materials Research 22, no. suppl 1: 1.