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Dr. Antonino Imburgia
University of Palermo, Italy

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0 Power Cables
0 Cable sheathing
0 Power distribution faults
0 Power system faults
0 Power system interconnection

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Journal article
Published: 29 October 2020 in Energies
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This paper deals with the reliability of the Pulsed Electro-Acoustic (PEA) technique in the case of a specimen containing an air layer. The first approach to this study has been proposed by the authors in previously published works. In these papers, the mathematical description, the PEA cell simulation model, and some experimental tests have been reported. In this work, a more accurate description of the acoustic wave behavior within the PEA cell and specimen with and without an air layer is given. Moreover, the comparison between simulation and experimental tests for both cases (specimen with and without air layer) allowed the validation of the previously developed PEA cell simulation model. The latter was previously validated only for a single layer specimen, here the good performances of the model have also been confirmed in the case of a multilayer specimen, also with an air layer. Experimental and simulation results show that the air layer acts as a barrier for the acoustic signal, due to the different acoustic impedance between the air and the solid dielectric material which constitute the specimen. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to demonstrate that in the case of a three-layers specimen, composed as dielectric-air-dielectric, the PEA cell is not able to provide the complete profile of the entire specimen under test.

ACS Style

Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; Giuseppe Rizzo; Fabio Viola; Guido Ala; George Chen. Reliability of PEA Measurement in Presence of an Air Void Defect. Energies 2020, 13, 5652 .

AMA Style

Antonino Imburgia, Pietro Romano, Giuseppe Rizzo, Fabio Viola, Guido Ala, George Chen. Reliability of PEA Measurement in Presence of an Air Void Defect. Energies. 2020; 13 (21):5652.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; Giuseppe Rizzo; Fabio Viola; Guido Ala; George Chen. 2020. "Reliability of PEA Measurement in Presence of an Air Void Defect." Energies 13, no. 21: 5652.

Journal article
Published: 15 September 2020 in Energies
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To date, it has been widespread accepted that the presence of space charge within the dielectric of high voltage direct current (HVDC) cables is one of the most relevant issues that limits the growing diffusion of this technology and its use at higher voltages. One of the reasons that leads to the establishment of space charge within the insulation of cables is the temperature dependence of its conductivity. Many researchers have demonstrated that high temperature drop over the insulation layer can lead to the reversal of the electric field profile. In certain conditions, this can over-stress the insulation during polarity reversal (PR) and transient over voltages (TOV) events accelerating the ageing of the dielectric material. However, the reference standards for the thermal rating of cables are mainly thought for alternating current (AC) cables and do not adequately take into account the effects related to high thermal drops over the insulation. In particular, the difference in temperature between the inner and the outer surfaces of the dielectric can be amplified during load transients or near sections with axially varying external thermal conditions. For the reasons above, this research aims to demonstrate how much the existence of “hot points” in terms of temperature drop can weaken the tightness of an HVDC transmission line. In order to investigate these phenomena, a two-dimensional numerical model has been implemented in time domain. The results obtained for some case studies demonstrate that the maximum electric field within the dielectric of an HVDC cable can be significantly increased in correspondence with variations along the axis of the external heat exchange conditions and/or during load transients. This study can be further developed in order to take into account the combined effect of the described phenomena with other sources of introduction, forming, and accumulation of space charge inside the dielectric layer of HVDC cables.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Rizzo; Pietro Romano; Antonino Imburgia; Fabio Viola; Guido Ala. The Effect of the Axial Heat Transfer on Space Charge Accumulation Phenomena in HVDC Cables. Energies 2020, 13, 4827 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Rizzo, Pietro Romano, Antonino Imburgia, Fabio Viola, Guido Ala. The Effect of the Axial Heat Transfer on Space Charge Accumulation Phenomena in HVDC Cables. Energies. 2020; 13 (18):4827.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Rizzo; Pietro Romano; Antonino Imburgia; Fabio Viola; Guido Ala. 2020. "The Effect of the Axial Heat Transfer on Space Charge Accumulation Phenomena in HVDC Cables." Energies 13, no. 18: 4827.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2020 in Sustainability
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The diffusion of electric vehicles in Italy has started but some complications weight its spread. At present, hybrid technology is the most followed by users, due particularly to socioeconomic factors such as cost of investment and range anxiety. After a deep discussion of the Italian scenario, the aim of the paper is to recognize whether fuel cell technology may be an enabling solution to overcome pollution problems and respect for the environment. The opportunity to use fuel cells to store electric energy is quite fascinating—the charging times will be shortened and heavy passenger transport should be effortless challenged. On the basis of the present history and by investigating the available information, this work reports the current e-mobility state in Italy and forecasts the cities in which a fuel cell charging infrastructure should be more profitable, with the intention of granting a measured outlook on the plausible development of this actual niche market.

ACS Style

Guido Ala; Gabriella Di Filippo; Fabio Viola; Graziella Giglia; Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; Vincenzo Castiglia; Filippo Pellitteri; Giuseppe Schettino; Rosario Miceli. Different Scenarios of Electric Mobility: Current Situation and Possible Future Developments of Fuel Cell Vehicles in Italy. Sustainability 2020, 12, 564 .

AMA Style

Guido Ala, Gabriella Di Filippo, Fabio Viola, Graziella Giglia, Antonino Imburgia, Pietro Romano, Vincenzo Castiglia, Filippo Pellitteri, Giuseppe Schettino, Rosario Miceli. Different Scenarios of Electric Mobility: Current Situation and Possible Future Developments of Fuel Cell Vehicles in Italy. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (2):564.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Guido Ala; Gabriella Di Filippo; Fabio Viola; Graziella Giglia; Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; Vincenzo Castiglia; Filippo Pellitteri; Giuseppe Schettino; Rosario Miceli. 2020. "Different Scenarios of Electric Mobility: Current Situation and Possible Future Developments of Fuel Cell Vehicles in Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 2: 564.

Journal article
Published: 02 November 2019 in Energies
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Cable manufacturing industries are constantly trying to improve the electrical performance of power cables. During the years, it was found that one of the most relevant degradation factors influencing the cable lifetime is the presence of space charge in the insulation layer. To detect the accumulated charge, the pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) method is the most used technique. Despite the wide use of the PEA cell, several issues are still present. In particular, the PEA output signal is strongly disturbed by the acoustic waves reflections within the PEA cell. This causes the distortion of the output signal and therefore the misinterpretation of the charge profiles. This, in turn, may result in an incorrect cable characterization from the space charge phenomenon point of view. In 2017, due to the proved degradation effect of the space charge accumulation phenomenon, the IEEE Std 1732 was developed. This standard describes the steps to be followed for the space charge measurement in cables specimens during pre-qualification or type tests. Therefore, cable manufacturing industries started to take a particular interest in these measures. In the light of this, the aim of the present work is to highlight that the enacted standard is not easily applicable since various problems are still present in the PEA method for cables. In particular, in this work, the effect of multiple reflected signals due to the different interfaces involved, but also the effect of the signal attenuation due to cable dielectric thickness, as well as the effect of the PEA cell ground electrode thickness in the output charge profile, are reported. These issues have been demonstrated by means of an experimental test carried out on a full-size cable in the Prysmian Group High Voltage laboratory. To better understand the PEA cell output signal formation, a PEA cell model was developed in a previous work and it has been experimentally validated here. In particular, simulations have been useful to highlight the effect of the reflection phenomena due to the PEA cell ground electrode thickness on the basis of the specimen under test features. Moreover, by analyzing the simulation results, it was possible to separate the main signal from the reflected waves and, in turn, to calculate the suitable ground electrode thickness for the cable specimen under test.

ACS Style

Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; George Chen; Giuseppe Rizzo; Eleonora Riva Sanseverino; Fabio Viola; Guido Ala. The Industrial Applicability of PEA Space Charge Measurements, for Performance Optimization of HVDC Power Cables. Energies 2019, 12, 4186 .

AMA Style

Antonino Imburgia, Pietro Romano, George Chen, Giuseppe Rizzo, Eleonora Riva Sanseverino, Fabio Viola, Guido Ala. The Industrial Applicability of PEA Space Charge Measurements, for Performance Optimization of HVDC Power Cables. Energies. 2019; 12 (21):4186.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; George Chen; Giuseppe Rizzo; Eleonora Riva Sanseverino; Fabio Viola; Guido Ala. 2019. "The Industrial Applicability of PEA Space Charge Measurements, for Performance Optimization of HVDC Power Cables." Energies 12, no. 21: 4186.

Review
Published: 12 September 2019 in Energies
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This review takes into account articles and standards published in recent years concerning the application of the Pulsed Electro Acoustic (PEA) method for space charge measurement on High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) cables and mini-cables. Since the 80s, the PEA method has been implemented for space charge measurements on flat specimens in order to investigate space charge phenomena and to evaluate the ageing of dielectrics. In recent years, this technique has been adapted to cylindrical geometry. Several studies and experiments have been carried out on the use of the PEA method for full size cables and HVDC cable models. The experiments have been conducted using different arrangements of the measurement setup and focusing attention on different aspects of space charge phenomena. In this work, the importance of space charge measurement is highlighted and the state-of-the-art PEA method application to full size cables and mini-cables is described. The main aim of this paper is to offer a complete and current review of this technique. In addition, limits on the use of PEA method are examined and main possible directions of research are proposed in order to improve the applicability, reliability, and replicability of this method.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Rizzo; Pietro Romano; Antonino Imburgia; Guido Ala. Review of the PEA Method for Space Charge Measurements on HVDC Cables and Mini-Cables. Energies 2019, 12, 3512 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Rizzo, Pietro Romano, Antonino Imburgia, Guido Ala. Review of the PEA Method for Space Charge Measurements on HVDC Cables and Mini-Cables. Energies. 2019; 12 (18):3512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Rizzo; Pietro Romano; Antonino Imburgia; Guido Ala. 2019. "Review of the PEA Method for Space Charge Measurements on HVDC Cables and Mini-Cables." Energies 12, no. 18: 3512.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2019 in Photonics
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The sustainable development of our planet is considerably related to a relevant reduction of CO2 global emissions, with building consumption contributing more than 40%. In this scenario, new technological conceptions, such as building-integrated photovoltaic technology, emerged in order to satisfy the requirements of sustainability imposed by the European Union. Therefore, the aim of this work is to provide a technical and economical comparison of the performances of different vertical-mounted innovative photovoltaic systems, potentially integrated on a building instead of on traditional windows or glass walls. The proposed investigation was carried out by means of experimental tests on three different next-generation vertical structures. The related results are described and discussed, highlighting the advantages and the drawbacks of the proposed technologies.

ACS Style

Gianluca Acciari; Gabriele Adamo; Guido Ala; Alessandro Busacca; Massimo Caruso; Graziella Giglia; Antonino Imburgia; Patrizia Livreri; Rosario Miceli; Antonino Parisi; Filippo Pellitteri; Riccardo Pernice; Pietro Romano; Giuseppe Schettino; Fabio Viola. Experimental Investigation on the Performances of Innovative PV Vertical Structures. Photonics 2019, 6, 86 .

AMA Style

Gianluca Acciari, Gabriele Adamo, Guido Ala, Alessandro Busacca, Massimo Caruso, Graziella Giglia, Antonino Imburgia, Patrizia Livreri, Rosario Miceli, Antonino Parisi, Filippo Pellitteri, Riccardo Pernice, Pietro Romano, Giuseppe Schettino, Fabio Viola. Experimental Investigation on the Performances of Innovative PV Vertical Structures. Photonics. 2019; 6 (3):86.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gianluca Acciari; Gabriele Adamo; Guido Ala; Alessandro Busacca; Massimo Caruso; Graziella Giglia; Antonino Imburgia; Patrizia Livreri; Rosario Miceli; Antonino Parisi; Filippo Pellitteri; Riccardo Pernice; Pietro Romano; Giuseppe Schettino; Fabio Viola. 2019. "Experimental Investigation on the Performances of Innovative PV Vertical Structures." Photonics 6, no. 3: 86.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2019 in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
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In the field of high voltage transmission systems, different degradation phenomena affect the reliability of the employed components. In particular, under DC stress, the space charge accumulation phenomenon is believed the most responsible of the dielectrics lifetime reduction. To measure the accumulated space charges in flat specimens, the PEA method is one of the most used techniques. The working principle of the PEA cell is based on the acoustic waves propagation and detection. As is well known, the acoustic waves propagating in different means are partially transmitted and partially reflected. Therefore, the piezoelectric sensor of the PEA cell is subjected of both direct and reflected waves. The latter, which are also present in the PEA cell output signal, if are not taken into account could be easily confused as a charge accumulation. For this reason, in this work the acoustic waves behavior within the PEA cell has been simulated in order to avoid incorrect interpretation of the PEA cell output charge profiles. In this paper, compared to other works present in literature in which only the surface charges were considered, the space charges accumulated in the insulation bulk are also considered for a complete analysis of the waves behavior during the PEA measures. The results found in the present work are very useful for cables manufacturing industries in which the choice of the dielectric materials is strongly influenced by the space charge accumulation phenomenon.

ACS Style

Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; Guido Ala; Eleonora Riva Sanseverino; Graziella Giglia. The Role of Right Interpretation of Space Charge Distribution for Optimized Design of HVDC Cables. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2019, 55, 7165 -7174.

AMA Style

Antonino Imburgia, Pietro Romano, Guido Ala, Eleonora Riva Sanseverino, Graziella Giglia. The Role of Right Interpretation of Space Charge Distribution for Optimized Design of HVDC Cables. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2019; 55 (6):7165-7174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonino Imburgia; Pietro Romano; Guido Ala; Eleonora Riva Sanseverino; Graziella Giglia. 2019. "The Role of Right Interpretation of Space Charge Distribution for Optimized Design of HVDC Cables." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 55, no. 6: 7165-7174.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2019 in Sensors
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The presence of a partial discharge phenomenon in an electrical apparatus is a warning signal that could determine the failure of the insulation system, terminating the service of the apparatus and/or the network. In this paper, an innovative partial discharge (PD) measurement instrument based on an antenna sensor is presented and analyzed. Being non-intrusive is one of the most relevant features of the sensor. The frequency response of the antenna sensor and the features to recognize different PD sources and automatically synchronize them with the supply voltage are described and discussed in details. The results show the performance of the instrument can make a fast and correct diagnosis of the health state of insulation systems.

ACS Style

Pietro Romano; Antonino Imburgia; Guido Ala. Partial Discharge Detection Using a Spherical Electromagnetic Sensor. Sensors 2019, 19, 1014 .

AMA Style

Pietro Romano, Antonino Imburgia, Guido Ala. Partial Discharge Detection Using a Spherical Electromagnetic Sensor. Sensors. 2019; 19 (5):1014.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pietro Romano; Antonino Imburgia; Guido Ala. 2019. "Partial Discharge Detection Using a Spherical Electromagnetic Sensor." Sensors 19, no. 5: 1014.