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Dr. Dimitra Papadaki
Group of Building Environmental Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Physics Department, 157 84 Athens, Greece

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0 Energy Efficiency
0 life cycle analysis
0 Nanomaterials for air quality and depollution
0 Heterogeneous photocatalysis in the construction environment. Building Materials
0 Environmental assessments

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life cycle analysis

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Journal article
Published: 14 August 2021 in Energies
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In the last twenty years, research activity around the environmental applications of metal–organic frameworks has bloomed due to their CO2 capture ability, tunable properties, porosity, and well-defined crystalline structure. Thus, hundreds of MOFs have been developed. However, the impact of their production on the environment has not been investigated as thoroughly as their potential applications. In this work, the environmental performance of various synthetic routes of MOF nanoparticles, in particular ZIF-8, is assessed through a life cycle assessment. For this purpose, five representative synthesis routes were considered, and synthesis data were obtained based on available literature. The synthesis included different solvents (de-ionized water, methanol, dimethylformamide) as well as different synthetic steps (i.e., hours of drying, stirring, precursor). The findings revealed that the main environmental weak points identified during production were: (a) the use of dimethylformamide (DMF) and methanol (MeOH) as substances impacting environmental sustainability, which accounted for more than 85% of the overall environmental impacts in those synthetic routes where they were utilized as solvents and as cleaning agents at the same time; (b) the electricity consumption, especially due to the Greek energy mix which is fossil-fuel dependent, and accounted for up to 13% of the overall environmental impacts in some synthetic routes. Nonetheless, for the optimization of the impacts provided by the energy use, suggestions are made based on the use of alternative, cleaner renewable energy sources, which (for the case of wind energy) will decrease the impacts by up to 2%.

ACS Style

Vasileios Ntouros; Ioannis Kousis; Dimitra Papadaki; Anna Laura Pisello; Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos. Life Cycle Assessment on Different Synthetic Routes of ZIF-8 Nanomaterials. Energies 2021, 14, 4998 .

AMA Style

Vasileios Ntouros, Ioannis Kousis, Dimitra Papadaki, Anna Laura Pisello, Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos. Life Cycle Assessment on Different Synthetic Routes of ZIF-8 Nanomaterials. Energies. 2021; 14 (16):4998.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasileios Ntouros; Ioannis Kousis; Dimitra Papadaki; Anna Laura Pisello; Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos. 2021. "Life Cycle Assessment on Different Synthetic Routes of ZIF-8 Nanomaterials." Energies 14, no. 16: 4998.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2021 in Sustainability
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The achievement of sustainable cities and communities is closely linked to an accurate design of the buildings. In this context, the transparent elements of the building envelope have a crucial role since, on one hand, they are a bottleneck in regards to heat and mass transfers and sound propagation, while, on the other hand, they must allow daylight penetration. Thus, they are responsible for occupants’ thermal and visual comfort and their health. Considering passive solutions for windows, the light shelves can improve natural light penetration, reducing the lights’ electricity demand and controlling windows’ related thermal aspects. The scientific literature is characterized by several studies that analyze this topic, which, however, focus only on the daylight field and sometimes the energy saving for lights. Moreover, they often refer to fixed sky type for the simulations. The aim of the present study is to analyze the application of the light shelves with a multi-disciplinary approach, by means of dynamic simulations, in the EnergyPlus engine, for a whole year. A new methodological approach is presented in order to investigate the technology under different fields of interest: daylight, lighting energy, cooling and heating needs, and thermo-hygrometric comfort. The case study chosen is an existing building, a student dormitory belonging to the University of Athens. It is subject to a deep energy renovation to conform to the “nearly Zero Energy Building” target, in the frame of a European research project called Pro-GET-onE (G.A No. 723747). By means of the calibrated numerical model of this HVAC–building system, ten different configurations of light shelves have been investigated. The best solution is given by the application of an internal horizontal light shelf placed at 50 cm from the top of the window with a depth of 90 or 60 cm. It has been found that despite the reduction in electricity demand for lighting, the variation in heating and cooling needs does not always lead to a benefit.

ACS Style

Silvia Ruggiero; Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Rosa De Masi; Filippo de Rossi; Anastasia Fotopoulou; Dimitra Papadaki; Giuseppe Vanoli; Annarita Ferrante. Multi-Disciplinary Analysis of Light Shelves Application within a Student Dormitory Refurbishment. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8251 .

AMA Style

Silvia Ruggiero, Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos, Rosa De Masi, Filippo de Rossi, Anastasia Fotopoulou, Dimitra Papadaki, Giuseppe Vanoli, Annarita Ferrante. Multi-Disciplinary Analysis of Light Shelves Application within a Student Dormitory Refurbishment. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia Ruggiero; Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Rosa De Masi; Filippo de Rossi; Anastasia Fotopoulou; Dimitra Papadaki; Giuseppe Vanoli; Annarita Ferrante. 2021. "Multi-Disciplinary Analysis of Light Shelves Application within a Student Dormitory Refurbishment." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8251.

Journal article
Published: 17 September 2020 in Sustainability
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The reduction of buildings energy demand represents one of the main goals in developed countries in order to achieve a sustainable future. In Italy a significant number of public administration offices are located in historical buildings, especially in small provincial towns. In this paper the analysis of the energy and environmental effects deriving from the plant renovation of the Palazzo San Giorgio, the building offices of the municipality of Campobasso (Southern Italy), is carried out. The simulation model of the building-plant system has been implemented with the TRNSYS software using data collected in the survey campaign. It has been calibrated on the basis of the billed electricity and gas consumption and then, further used to evaluate the reduction of the building primary energy demands and CO2 emissions deriving from some non-invasive energy refurbishment measures: led lighting, thermostatic valves, cogeneration system and photovoltaic plant. The latter was considered in two variants: the first one provides a system completely integrated into the roof, the second one high efficiency non-integrated panels. The interventions have been evaluated both individually and combined. A primary energy saving of about 47% and a reduction in CO2 emissions of 73% are obtained with the best combined renovation action.

ACS Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Dimitra Papadaki; Francesco Tariello; Giuseppe Vanoli. A Holistic Approach for Energy Renovation of the Town Hall Building in a Typical Small City of Southern Italy. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7699 .

AMA Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos, Dimitra Papadaki, Francesco Tariello, Giuseppe Vanoli. A Holistic Approach for Energy Renovation of the Town Hall Building in a Typical Small City of Southern Italy. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7699.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Dimitra Papadaki; Francesco Tariello; Giuseppe Vanoli. 2020. "A Holistic Approach for Energy Renovation of the Town Hall Building in a Typical Small City of Southern Italy." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7699.

Conference paper
Published: 30 June 2020 in E3S Web of Conferences
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H2020 project DRIVE0 (Driving decarbonisation of the EU building stock by enhancing a consumer centred and locally based circular renovation process) aims to come to a decarbonisation of the EU building stock and to accelerate deep renovation processes by enhancing a consumer centred circular renovation process in order to make deep renovation more attractive for consumers and investors, more environmental friendly. Circular renovation concepts and process will specifically be developed and implemented in the seven demonstration cases in seven countries, representing all climatic zones in Europe

ACS Style

Ana Tisov; Kalle Kuusk; Miriam Navarro Escudero; Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos; Dimitra Papadaki; Peep Pihelo; Peter Op ‘T Veld; Targo Kalamees. Driving decarbonisation of the EU building stock by enhancing a consumer centred and locally based circular renovation process. E3S Web of Conferences 2020, 172, 18006 .

AMA Style

Ana Tisov, Kalle Kuusk, Miriam Navarro Escudero, Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos, Dimitra Papadaki, Peep Pihelo, Peter Op ‘T Veld, Targo Kalamees. Driving decarbonisation of the EU building stock by enhancing a consumer centred and locally based circular renovation process. E3S Web of Conferences. 2020; 172 ():18006.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Tisov; Kalle Kuusk; Miriam Navarro Escudero; Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos; Dimitra Papadaki; Peep Pihelo; Peter Op ‘T Veld; Targo Kalamees. 2020. "Driving decarbonisation of the EU building stock by enhancing a consumer centred and locally based circular renovation process." E3S Web of Conferences 172, no. : 18006.

Journal article
Published: 06 May 2020 in Sustainability
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In the 21st century, sustainable development is high on the international agenda, with the implementation of green walls contributing significantly to achieving environmental and social benefits, mainly in the frame of sustainable improvement of the building sector. The installation of a greening system can provide engineered solutions for stormwater management and climate change mitigation at both the urban and building level. This facilitates improving indoor comfort conditions and reducing energy needs. In order to improve the features of products and to facilitate the implementation of a proper technical standard, this paper proposes a critical bibliographic analysis of more recent scientific works. Moreover, by means of a numerical model of an existing single-family apartment, placed in the Mediterranean climate zone, a building envelope refurbishment with a living wall is carried out. A parametric analysis provides evidence for the application of different plants’ types and insulation materials. The results are analyzed considering the energy needs, the thermo-hygrometric comfort, and the outdoor surface temperature variation of the building envelope, emphasizing that a multi-criteria design approach is needed for green vertical systems. The paper provides data and an approach useful for designers and researchers in the evaluation and optimization of the performance of greening systems.

ACS Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Rosa Francesca De Masi; Filippo De Rossi; Dimitra Papadaki; Silvia Ruggiero. Green Wall Design Approach Towards Energy Performance and Indoor Comfort Improvement: A Case Study in Athens. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3772 .

AMA Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos, Rosa Francesca De Masi, Filippo De Rossi, Dimitra Papadaki, Silvia Ruggiero. Green Wall Design Approach Towards Energy Performance and Indoor Comfort Improvement: A Case Study in Athens. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (9):3772.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Rosa Francesca De Masi; Filippo De Rossi; Dimitra Papadaki; Silvia Ruggiero. 2020. "Green Wall Design Approach Towards Energy Performance and Indoor Comfort Improvement: A Case Study in Athens." Sustainability 12, no. 9: 3772.

Journal article
Published: 25 November 2019 in Energy and Buildings
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This paper proposes a novel multistep approach for comparing several architectural solutions with the aim to create additional volumes on existing buildings by means of the façade transformation. The nearly zero energy standard is the objective of the designing and the criteria for the comparison take into account the minimization of economic impacts and the maximization of comfort conditions for the occupants. An innovative SWOT matrix is proposed for evaluating, with multidisciplinary approach, the results of the refurbishment design. The internal strengths and weaknesses are referred to the building occupants, while external opportunities and threats are referred to the whole society. The proposed approach is applied to the B Building FEPA of the student dormitory in the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens in the frame of a research project financed by HORIZON 2020 funds. With reference to the case study, an increment of around 22% of living space is achieved with energy saving and polluting reduction of around 90%; at the same time the amenity of the outdoor environment, the seismic security, the global comfort are improved. The results of the case study allow to demonstrate how the volume add-ons technique can bring many benefits, not only on the energetic point of view, in the refurbishment of the existing building stock. The awareness of these advantages could encourage occupants, tenants and communities to participate actively in the designing process, and it could be accelerate the achievement of the nearly zero energy standard for the existing building stock. This is the future goal for the sustainable development of the building sector.

ACS Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Rosa Francesca De Masi; Anastasia Fotopoulou; Dimitra Papadaki; Silvia Ruggiero; Giovanni Semprini; Giuseppe Peter Vanoli. Holistic approach for energy retrofit with volumetric add-ons toward nZEB target: Case study of a dormitory in Athens. Energy and Buildings 2019, 207, 109630 .

AMA Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos, Rosa Francesca De Masi, Anastasia Fotopoulou, Dimitra Papadaki, Silvia Ruggiero, Giovanni Semprini, Giuseppe Peter Vanoli. Holistic approach for energy retrofit with volumetric add-ons toward nZEB target: Case study of a dormitory in Athens. Energy and Buildings. 2019; 207 ():109630.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos; Rosa Francesca De Masi; Anastasia Fotopoulou; Dimitra Papadaki; Silvia Ruggiero; Giovanni Semprini; Giuseppe Peter Vanoli. 2019. "Holistic approach for energy retrofit with volumetric add-ons toward nZEB target: Case study of a dormitory in Athens." Energy and Buildings 207, no. : 109630.

Conference paper
Published: 23 October 2019 in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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The aim of this paper is to evaluate and illustrate the energy saving potential and Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) performances of a façade addition on existing and low energy performing buildings. Different technical solutions are proposed and all IEQ indicators' simulation results are presented for the case of a students' building block of the 80's located in Athens. The building is the demonstrator of the "Pro-GET-onE" Horizon 2020 project, that aims to demonstrate the attractiveness and the energy efficiency of a renovation strategy based on new façade additions combining inteGrated Efficient Technologies (GETs). The research project proposes the highest transformation of the existing building's shell with external added volumes, which generate energy efficient buffer zones and at the same time increase the building's volume (with balconies, sunspaces and extra rooms). This strategy gives also the possibility to increase IEQ performance, in different ways depending on the architectural solutions, the selected materials and the adopted technological solutions. As a general statement, the facade addition solution leads to an increase of the thermo-hygrometric conditions (both for the cold winter season and the summer period), of the facade sound insulation and consequently the acoustic comfort, and of the indoor air quality. The lighting and the visual comfort are a critical point due to the enlargement of the existing surface of the rooms: specific light enhancement techniques have been studied to optimize indoor light, therefore minimizing the drawbacks of façade expansions, and will be suggested for the final design of the case study. The detailed analysis of individual units (additions) led to the formulation of hypotheses for targeted energy retrofitting interventions in different options; with different scenarios of integrated RES technologies, these options have been analysed both separately and in combination, to assess the technical, the energy feasibility and the IEQ performance in each scenario.

ACS Style

Annarita Ferrante; Anastasia Fotopoulou; Giovanni Semprini; Davide Cantelli; Silvia Ruggiero; Michalis Karalis; Chrysanthi Efthymiou; Dimitra Papadaki; Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos. IEQ and energy improvement of existing buildings by prefabricated facade additions: the case of a student house in Athens. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 609, 042047 .

AMA Style

Annarita Ferrante, Anastasia Fotopoulou, Giovanni Semprini, Davide Cantelli, Silvia Ruggiero, Michalis Karalis, Chrysanthi Efthymiou, Dimitra Papadaki, Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos. IEQ and energy improvement of existing buildings by prefabricated facade additions: the case of a student house in Athens. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 609 (4):042047.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Annarita Ferrante; Anastasia Fotopoulou; Giovanni Semprini; Davide Cantelli; Silvia Ruggiero; Michalis Karalis; Chrysanthi Efthymiou; Dimitra Papadaki; Margarita-Niki Assimakopoulos. 2019. "IEQ and energy improvement of existing buildings by prefabricated facade additions: the case of a student house in Athens." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609, no. 4: 042047.

Research article
Published: 27 September 2019 in ACS Omega
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Several parameters, including specific surface area, morphology, crystal size, and dopant concentration, play a significant role in improving the photocatalytic performance of ZnO. However, it is still unclear which of these parameters play a significant role in enhancing the photocatalytic activity. Herein, undoped and Mn-, Co-, and Cu-doped platelet-like zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures were synthesized via a facile microwave synthetic route, and their ultraviolet (UV) and visible-light-induced photocatalytic activities, by monitoring the gaseous acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) degradation, were systematically investigated. Both the pure and doped ZnO nanostructures were found to be UV-active, as the CH3CHO oxidation photocatalysts with the Cu-doped ZnO one being the most UV-efficient photocatalyst. However, upon visible light exposure, all ZnO-nanostructured samples displayed no photocatalytic activity except the Co-doped ZnO, which showed a measurable photocatalytic activity. The latter suggests that Co-doped ZnO nanostructures are potent candidates for several indoor photocatalytic applications. Various complementary techniques were utilized to improve the understanding of the influence of Mn-/Co-/Cu-doping on the photocatalytic performance of the ZnO nanostructures. Results showed that the synergetic effects of variation in morphology, surface defects, that is, VO, high specific surface areas, and porosity played a significant role in modulating the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures.

ACS Style

Dimitra Papadaki; Gugu H. Mhlongo; David E. Motaung; Steven S. Nkosi; Katerina Panagiotaki; Emmy Christaki; Margarita N. Assimakopoulos; Vassileios C. Papadimitriou; Federico Rosei; George Kiriakidis; Suprakas Sinha Ray. Hierarchically Porous Cu-, Co-, and Mn-Doped Platelet-Like ZnO Nanostructures and Their Photocatalytic Performance for Indoor Air Quality Control. ACS Omega 2019, 4, 16429 -16440.

AMA Style

Dimitra Papadaki, Gugu H. Mhlongo, David E. Motaung, Steven S. Nkosi, Katerina Panagiotaki, Emmy Christaki, Margarita N. Assimakopoulos, Vassileios C. Papadimitriou, Federico Rosei, George Kiriakidis, Suprakas Sinha Ray. Hierarchically Porous Cu-, Co-, and Mn-Doped Platelet-Like ZnO Nanostructures and Their Photocatalytic Performance for Indoor Air Quality Control. ACS Omega. 2019; 4 (15):16429-16440.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitra Papadaki; Gugu H. Mhlongo; David E. Motaung; Steven S. Nkosi; Katerina Panagiotaki; Emmy Christaki; Margarita N. Assimakopoulos; Vassileios C. Papadimitriou; Federico Rosei; George Kiriakidis; Suprakas Sinha Ray. 2019. "Hierarchically Porous Cu-, Co-, and Mn-Doped Platelet-Like ZnO Nanostructures and Their Photocatalytic Performance for Indoor Air Quality Control." ACS Omega 4, no. 15: 16429-16440.

Journal article
Published: 11 June 2019 in Energies
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In the following years all European Union member states should bring into force national laws on the energy performance of buildings. Moreover, university campus dormitories are buildings of great importance, due to their architectural characteristics and their social impact. In this study, the energy performance along with the indoor environmental conditions of a dormitory of a university has been analysed. The in situ measurements included temperature, relative humidity, concentrations of carbon dioxide, total volatile organic compounds, and electrical consumption; lastly, the energy signature of the whole building was investigated. The study focused on the summer months, during which significantly increased thermal needs of the building were identified. The ground floor was found to be the floor with the highest percentage of thermal conditions within the comfort range, and the third floor the lowest. Lastly, a significant correlation between electrical consumption and the outdoor temperature was presented, highlighting the lack of thermal insulation. Overall, it was clear that a redesign of the cooling and heating system, the installation of a ventilation system, and thermal insulation are essential for improving the energy efficiency of this building.

ACS Style

Nikolaos Barmparesos; Dimitra Papadaki; Michalis Karalis; Kyriaki Fameliari; Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos. In Situ Measurements of Energy Consumption and Indoor Environmental Quality of a Pre-Retrofitted Student Dormitory in Athens. Energies 2019, 12, 2210 .

AMA Style

Nikolaos Barmparesos, Dimitra Papadaki, Michalis Karalis, Kyriaki Fameliari, Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos. In Situ Measurements of Energy Consumption and Indoor Environmental Quality of a Pre-Retrofitted Student Dormitory in Athens. Energies. 2019; 12 (11):2210.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nikolaos Barmparesos; Dimitra Papadaki; Michalis Karalis; Kyriaki Fameliari; Margarita Niki Assimakopoulos. 2019. "In Situ Measurements of Energy Consumption and Indoor Environmental Quality of a Pre-Retrofitted Student Dormitory in Athens." Energies 12, no. 11: 2210.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in AIMS Materials Science
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ACS Style

Dimitra Papadaki; Spyros Foteinis; Vasileios Binas; Margarita N. Assimakopoulos; Theocharis Tsoutsos; George Kiriakidis. A life cycle assessment of PCM and VIP in warm Mediterranean climates and their introduction as a strategy to promote energy savings and mitigate carbon emissions. AIMS Materials Science 2019, 6, 944 -959.

AMA Style

Dimitra Papadaki, Spyros Foteinis, Vasileios Binas, Margarita N. Assimakopoulos, Theocharis Tsoutsos, George Kiriakidis. A life cycle assessment of PCM and VIP in warm Mediterranean climates and their introduction as a strategy to promote energy savings and mitigate carbon emissions. AIMS Materials Science. 2019; 6 (6):944-959.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dimitra Papadaki; Spyros Foteinis; Vasileios Binas; Margarita N. Assimakopoulos; Theocharis Tsoutsos; George Kiriakidis. 2019. "A life cycle assessment of PCM and VIP in warm Mediterranean climates and their introduction as a strategy to promote energy savings and mitigate carbon emissions." AIMS Materials Science 6, no. 6: 944-959.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Construction and Building Materials
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ACS Style

Vassilios Binas; Dimitra Papadaki; Thomas Maggos; A. Katsanaki; G. Kiriakidis. Study of innovative photocatalytic cement based coatings: The effect of supporting materials. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 168, 923 -930.

AMA Style

Vassilios Binas, Dimitra Papadaki, Thomas Maggos, A. Katsanaki, G. Kiriakidis. Study of innovative photocatalytic cement based coatings: The effect of supporting materials. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 168 ():923-930.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vassilios Binas; Dimitra Papadaki; Thomas Maggos; A. Katsanaki; G. Kiriakidis. 2018. "Study of innovative photocatalytic cement based coatings: The effect of supporting materials." Construction and Building Materials 168, no. : 923-930.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2017 in Science of The Total Environment
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The life cycle assessment of several zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures, fabricated by a facile microwave technique, is presented. Key synthesis parameters such as annealing temperature, varied from 90 °C to 220 °C, and microwave power, varied from 110 W to 710 W, are assessed. The effect of these parameters on both the structural characteristics and the environmental sustainability of the nanostructures is examined. The nanostructures were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Photoluminescence (PL) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Crystalline size was found to be 22.40 nm at 110 W microwave power, 24.83 nm at 310 W, and 24.01 nm at 710 W. Microwave power and synthesis temperature were both directly proportional to the surface area. At 110 W the surface area was 10.44 m2/g, at 310 W 12.88 m2/g, and at 710 W 14.60 m2/g; while it was found to be 11.64 m2/g at 150 °C and 18.09 m2/g at 220 °C. Based on these, a life cycle analysis (LCA) of the produced ZnO nanoparticles was carried out, using the ZnO surface area (1 m2/g) as the functional unit. It was found that the main environmental weaknesses identified during the production process were; (a) the use of ethanol for purifying the produced nanomaterials and (b) the electricity consumption for the ZnO calcination, provided by South Africa's fossil-fuel dependent electricity source. When the effect of the key synthesis parameters on environmental sustainability was examined it was found that an increase of either microwave power (from 110 to 710 W) or synthesis temperatures (from 90 to 220 °C), results in higher sustainability, with the environmental footprint reduced by 27% and 41%, respectively. Through a sensitivity analysis, it was observed that an electricity mix based on renewable energy could improve the environmental sustainability of the nanoparticles by 25%.

ACS Style

D. Papadaki; Spyros Foteinis; G.H. Mhlongo; S.S. Nkosi; D.E. Motaung; S.S. Ray; Theocharis Tsoutsos; G. Kiriakidis. Life cycle assessment of facile microwave-assisted zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures. Science of The Total Environment 2017, 586, 566 -575.

AMA Style

D. Papadaki, Spyros Foteinis, G.H. Mhlongo, S.S. Nkosi, D.E. Motaung, S.S. Ray, Theocharis Tsoutsos, G. Kiriakidis. Life cycle assessment of facile microwave-assisted zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures. Science of The Total Environment. 2017; 586 ():566-575.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. Papadaki; Spyros Foteinis; G.H. Mhlongo; S.S. Nkosi; D.E. Motaung; S.S. Ray; Theocharis Tsoutsos; G. Kiriakidis. 2017. "Life cycle assessment of facile microwave-assisted zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures." Science of The Total Environment 586, no. : 566-575.

Journal article
Published: 04 May 2014 in Applied Surface Science
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We present a systemic study on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of the un-doped and Mn doped ZnO thin films grown by aerosol spray pyrolysis at different deposition times. XRD profiling has shown that the structures of the prepared products are wurtzite without any evidence of second phases. Surface morphology analysis revealed that incorporation of Mn in the ZnO matrix results in the formation of “doughnut-like” structures while the corresponding un-doped ZnO showed permeable structures only at long deposition time. Optical results demonstrated that Mn-doped ZnO nanostructures exhibited both the characteristic orange Mn2+ ion-related emission at 595 nm and a shoulder around 667 nm, denoting that the Mn ions have successfully occupied lattice positions of Zn ions. The chemical composition and charge states of the Mn ions in the doped ZnO nanostructures analysed by the EDX and XPS, also confirmed that Mn2+ ions were successfully incorporated onto zinc sites in the ZnO host crystal. With the combination of defect analysis based on PL and XPS, the effect of defects on the nature and origin of ferromagnetism through EPR was investigated. These findings suggested that zinc and oxygen defects, especially zinc interstitials and singly ionized oxygen vacancies, play a crucial role in mediating ferromagnetism in the undoped ZnO.

ACS Style

D.E. Motaung; Ioannis Kortidis; Dimitra Papadaki; S.S. Nkosi; Gugu Mhlongo; J. Wesley-Smith; G.F. Malgas; Bonex Mwakikunga; E. Coetsee; H.C. Swart; G. Kiriakidis; Suprakas Sinha Ray. Defect-induced magnetism in undoped and Mn-doped wide band gap zinc oxide grown by aerosol spray pyrolysis. Applied Surface Science 2014, 311, 14 -26.

AMA Style

D.E. Motaung, Ioannis Kortidis, Dimitra Papadaki, S.S. Nkosi, Gugu Mhlongo, J. Wesley-Smith, G.F. Malgas, Bonex Mwakikunga, E. Coetsee, H.C. Swart, G. Kiriakidis, Suprakas Sinha Ray. Defect-induced magnetism in undoped and Mn-doped wide band gap zinc oxide grown by aerosol spray pyrolysis. Applied Surface Science. 2014; 311 ():14-26.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D.E. Motaung; Ioannis Kortidis; Dimitra Papadaki; S.S. Nkosi; Gugu Mhlongo; J. Wesley-Smith; G.F. Malgas; Bonex Mwakikunga; E. Coetsee; H.C. Swart; G. Kiriakidis; Suprakas Sinha Ray. 2014. "Defect-induced magnetism in undoped and Mn-doped wide band gap zinc oxide grown by aerosol spray pyrolysis." Applied Surface Science 311, no. : 14-26.