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Project Goal: https://ceplafib.eu/
Current Stage: replicability and transferability of the developed materials to various sectors
One of the existing priorities of the European Union is to search for rational waste management and to keep such waste in the economic cycle, while meeting the highest safety requirements. The paper presents the results of environmental tests of composites based on the polyethylene (rPE) and polypropylene (rPP) matrix and reinforced with cellulose fibres (newsprint, NP). Raw materials were obtained by recycling post-consumer waste such as beverage bottles and newsprint. The composites were tested for their potential use as materials in cladding panels and acoustic barriers. Given that normative documents for these products do not define specific environmental requirements, the composites were tested for the release of dangerous substances, such as anions of inorganic compounds, heavy metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and their impact on the environment. A detailed in-depth analysis of the mechanisms of release of substances (diffusion, dissolution, surface leaching and depletion) from the rPP/NP composite into surface water, groundwater and soil was carried out. In turn, emission of VOCs from the rPE (low-density:high-density (LD:HD)—50:50) and rPE (LD:HD—30:70) composites into indoor air was also carried out. Raw materials in the form of granulates and loose cellulose fibres, used to produce the composites, were also tested for their environmental impact.
Mateusz Kozicki; Katarzyna Guzik; Halina Deptuła; Justyna Tomaszewska. Leaching and VOC Emission Tests of Polymer Composites Produced from Post-Consumer Waste in Terms of Application in the Construction Sector. Materials 2021, 14, 3518 .
AMA StyleMateusz Kozicki, Katarzyna Guzik, Halina Deptuła, Justyna Tomaszewska. Leaching and VOC Emission Tests of Polymer Composites Produced from Post-Consumer Waste in Terms of Application in the Construction Sector. Materials. 2021; 14 (13):3518.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMateusz Kozicki; Katarzyna Guzik; Halina Deptuła; Justyna Tomaszewska. 2021. "Leaching and VOC Emission Tests of Polymer Composites Produced from Post-Consumer Waste in Terms of Application in the Construction Sector." Materials 14, no. 13: 3518.
This work focuses on research on obtaining and characterizing Al2O3/ZrO2 materials formed via slip casting method. The main emphasis in the research was placed on environmental aspects and those related to the practical use of ceramic materials. The goal was to analyze the environmental loads associated with the manufacturing of Al2O3/ZrO2 composites, as well as to determine the coefficient of thermal expansion of the obtained materials, classified as technical ceramics. This parameter is crucial in terms of their practical applications in high-temperature working conditions, e.g., as parts of industrial machines. The study reports on the four series of Al2O3/ZrO2 materials differing in the volume content of ZrO2. The sintering process was preceded by thermogravimetric measurements. The fabricated and sintered materials were characterized by dilatometric study, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and stereological analysis. Further, life cycle assessment was supplied. Based on dilatometric tests, it was observed that Al2O3/ZrO2 composites show a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than that resulting from the content of individual phases. The results of the life cycle analysis showed that the environmental loads (carbon footprint) resulting from the acquisition and processing of raw materials necessary for the production of sinters from Al2O3 and ZrO2 are comparable to those associated with the production of plastic products such as polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride.
Justyna Zygmuntowicz; Magdalena Gizowska; Justyna Tomaszewska; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Radosław Żurowski; Marcin Wachowski; Katarzyna Konopka. Sintering Behavior, Thermal Expansion, and Environmental Impacts Accompanying Materials of the Al2O3/ZrO2 System Fabricated via Slip Casting. Materials 2021, 14, 3365 .
AMA StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz, Magdalena Gizowska, Justyna Tomaszewska, Paulina Piotrkiewicz, Radosław Żurowski, Marcin Wachowski, Katarzyna Konopka. Sintering Behavior, Thermal Expansion, and Environmental Impacts Accompanying Materials of the Al2O3/ZrO2 System Fabricated via Slip Casting. Materials. 2021; 14 (12):3365.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz; Magdalena Gizowska; Justyna Tomaszewska; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Radosław Żurowski; Marcin Wachowski; Katarzyna Konopka. 2021. "Sintering Behavior, Thermal Expansion, and Environmental Impacts Accompanying Materials of the Al2O3/ZrO2 System Fabricated via Slip Casting." Materials 14, no. 12: 3365.
The present work deals with the evaluation of the effect of ZrO2 on the structure and selected properties of shapes obtained using the centrifugal slip casting method. The samples were made of alumina and zirconia. The applied technology made it possible to produce tubes with a high density reaching 99–100% after sintering. Very good bonding was obtained at the Al2O3/ZrO2 interphase boundaries with no discernible delamination or cracks, which was confirmed by STEM observations. In the case of Al2O3/ZrO2 composites containing 5 vol.% and 10 vol.% ZrO2, the presence of equiaxial ZrO2 grains with an average size of 0.25 µm was observed, which are distributed along the grain boundaries of Al2O3. At the same time, the composites exhibited a very high hardness of 22–23 GPa. Moreover, the environmental influences accompanying the sintering process were quantified. The impacts were determined using the life cycle analysis method, in the phase related to the extraction and processing of raw materials and the process of producing Al2O3/ZrO2 composites. The results obtained show that the production of 1 kg of sintered composite results in greenhouse gas emissions of 2.24–2.9 kg CO2 eq. which is comparable to the amount of emissions accompanying the production of 1 kg of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), or hot-rolled steel products.
Justyna Zygmuntowicz; Radosław Żurowski; Justyna Tomaszewska; Marcin Wachowski; Janusz Torzewski; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Michał Gloc; Katarzyna Konopka. Al2O3/ZrO2 Materials as an Environmentally Friendly Solution for Linear Infrastructure Applications. Materials 2021, 14, 2375 .
AMA StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz, Radosław Żurowski, Justyna Tomaszewska, Marcin Wachowski, Janusz Torzewski, Paulina Piotrkiewicz, Michał Gloc, Katarzyna Konopka. Al2O3/ZrO2 Materials as an Environmentally Friendly Solution for Linear Infrastructure Applications. Materials. 2021; 14 (9):2375.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz; Radosław Żurowski; Justyna Tomaszewska; Marcin Wachowski; Janusz Torzewski; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Michał Gloc; Katarzyna Konopka. 2021. "Al2O3/ZrO2 Materials as an Environmentally Friendly Solution for Linear Infrastructure Applications." Materials 14, no. 9: 2375.
The ongoing global climate change and the associated environmental degradation pose a threat to Europe and the rest of the world. Raw materials and energy are required to produce building materials, which are used for construction purposes. Resulting buildings and structures generate waste during construction, operation, and demolition, and they emit potentially harmful substances. Thus, the key to achieving climate goals is to support low-emission materials and technologies in the construction sector, significantly impacting the environment. In the European Union, building materials are not yet subject to mandatory sustainability assessment during the assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP). Objective evaluation of construction materials’ environmental impact requires it to be carried out based on production data on an industrial scale. This article presents the environmental impact of premixed gypsum-based plasters, commonly used in modern construction. Nine environmental indicators (global warming potential (GWP), depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP), acidification potential (AP), eutrophication potential (EP), formation potential of tropospheric ozone (POCP), abiotic depletion potential (ADP)-elements, ADP-fossil fuels, renewable primary energy resources (PERT), and nonrenewable primary energy resources (PERNT)) of premixed gypsum plasters based on natural and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum were estimated and discussed. Knowledge of the construction products’ environmental impact is fundamental for creating reliable databases. AVCP of construction materials in the future will use the data collected during the voluntary environmental impact evaluation.
Edyta Baran; Sebastian Czernik; Mariusz Hynowski; Bartosz Michałowski; Michał Piasecki; Justyna Tomaszewska; Jacek Michalak. Quantifying Environmental Burdens of Plasters Based on Natural vs. Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Gypsum. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4298 .
AMA StyleEdyta Baran, Sebastian Czernik, Mariusz Hynowski, Bartosz Michałowski, Michał Piasecki, Justyna Tomaszewska, Jacek Michalak. Quantifying Environmental Burdens of Plasters Based on Natural vs. Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Gypsum. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEdyta Baran; Sebastian Czernik; Mariusz Hynowski; Bartosz Michałowski; Michał Piasecki; Justyna Tomaszewska; Jacek Michalak. 2021. "Quantifying Environmental Burdens of Plasters Based on Natural vs. Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Gypsum." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4298.
The main goal of this study was to optimize the technological process of forming and sintering Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) composites in terms of reducing energy demand. Based on the results of Life Cycle Assessment carried out according to ISO 14044 and EN 15805 standards, the elimination of preliminary homogenization of ceramic suspension in the planetary mill, allowed to reduce energy consumption by over 25%. The method of forming ZTA materials by CSC method, allowed to obtain finished tube-shaped products, which did not require any mechanical treatment after sintering. Such an approach may be an alternative solution for production of ZTA pipes that can be used in transport of aggressive substances, even in extreme corrosive or temperatures conditions.
Justyna Zygmuntowicz; Justyna Tomaszewska; Radosław Żurowski; Marcin Wachowski; Ireneusz Szachogłuchowicz; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Waldemar Kaszuwara; Katarzyna Konopka. Environmental footprint as a criterion in the ZTA composites forming process via centrifugal slip casting. Ceramics International 2021, 47, 18053 -18064.
AMA StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz, Justyna Tomaszewska, Radosław Żurowski, Marcin Wachowski, Ireneusz Szachogłuchowicz, Paulina Piotrkiewicz, Waldemar Kaszuwara, Katarzyna Konopka. Environmental footprint as a criterion in the ZTA composites forming process via centrifugal slip casting. Ceramics International. 2021; 47 (13):18053-18064.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz; Justyna Tomaszewska; Radosław Żurowski; Marcin Wachowski; Ireneusz Szachogłuchowicz; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Waldemar Kaszuwara; Katarzyna Konopka. 2021. "Environmental footprint as a criterion in the ZTA composites forming process via centrifugal slip casting." Ceramics International 47, no. 13: 18053-18064.
This paper focuses on the possibility of adapting the centrifugal slip casting method to obtain zirconia–alumina composite materials in the form of finished tube-shaped products. These types of products, due to their unique properties, can be utilised, for example, in the transport of aggressive substances, even in extreme temperatures or corrosive conditions. The study reports on the two series of zirconia–alumina composites differing in the content of ZrO2—2.5 and 25 vol%. The fabricated and sintered materials were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and stereological analysis. Moreover, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was provided in accordance with the requirements of the ISO 14044 and EN 15805 standards. The obtained data clearly show that the centrifugal slip casting method allows obtaining samples with high density and extremely uniform distribution of the ZrO2 phase in the alumina matrix. The stereological analysis results proved also that the addition of ZrO2 is effective in reducing the growth of Al2O3 grains during the sintering process. The phase analysis carried out by means of XRD showed that during the sintering process, in the case of composites with a lower ZrO2 content (2.5 vol%), the monoclinic to tetragonal transformation of ZrO2 was total, while for samples containing 25 vol% ZrO2, the monoclinic phase remained in a small amount in the final product.
Justyna Zygmuntowicz; Justyna Tomaszewska; Radosław Żurowski; Marcin Wachowski; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Katarzyna Konopka. Zirconia–Alumina Composites Obtained by Centrifugal Slip Casting as Attractive Sustainable Material for Application in Construction. Materials 2021, 14, 250 .
AMA StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz, Justyna Tomaszewska, Radosław Żurowski, Marcin Wachowski, Paulina Piotrkiewicz, Katarzyna Konopka. Zirconia–Alumina Composites Obtained by Centrifugal Slip Casting as Attractive Sustainable Material for Application in Construction. Materials. 2021; 14 (2):250.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Zygmuntowicz; Justyna Tomaszewska; Radosław Żurowski; Marcin Wachowski; Paulina Piotrkiewicz; Katarzyna Konopka. 2021. "Zirconia–Alumina Composites Obtained by Centrifugal Slip Casting as Attractive Sustainable Material for Application in Construction." Materials 14, no. 2: 250.
Poland’s economy as the sixth largest economy in the EU is painfully experiencing the effects of natural resource depletion, which extend to increasing prices and the growing dependence on foreign suppliers. The situation is particularly unfavorable in the construction sector, which is among the most resource- and energy-consuming areas of the economy. This paper juxtaposes the situation of Polish construction industry in the context of the national economy with the context of the evolving EU policies promoting green solutions. The resulting changes in Polish legislation, industry and society are identified. The implementation of selected Circular Economy (CE) aspects, outcomes, emerging challenges and future directions are discussed. The social aspects related to this transformation were analyzed based on a survey carried out among construction industry consumers. The results clearly highlight that individuals are aware of the need to protect the environment, but also indicate a strong necessity to educate the populace about the consequences of the excessive exploitation of the environment and the long-term benefits of CE solutions.
Justyna Tomaszewska. Polish Transition towards Circular Economy: Materials Management and Implications for the Construction Sector. Materials 2020, 13, 5228 .
AMA StyleJustyna Tomaszewska. Polish Transition towards Circular Economy: Materials Management and Implications for the Construction Sector. Materials. 2020; 13 (22):5228.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Tomaszewska. 2020. "Polish Transition towards Circular Economy: Materials Management and Implications for the Construction Sector." Materials 13, no. 22: 5228.
Energy saving is one of the strategic challenges facing our civilization today. Without decisive actions to reduce energy consumption, it is impossible to maintain the current standard of living. Energy consumption for heating and cooling purposes is one of the primary energy consumption sources in many countries. The external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS), which is today the most widely used solution in EU countries, increases buildings’ energy efficiency. This article investigates the impact of producing cementitious adhesives, as part of ETICS with expanded polystyrene (EPS) or mineral wool (MW), on the natural environment using the cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) method. Cementitious adhesives have a relatively low impact on most of the environmental indicators analyzed in the paper concerning other ETICS components. The paper aims to raise awareness of the importance of the environmental impact related to the production of cementitious adhesives. Knowledge of the construction products’ environmental impact is fundamental for creating reliable databases, based on which, in the future, their environmental requirements will be determined. The environmental performance of building elements is essential for the correct determination of the buildings’ sustainability.
Sebastian Czernik; Marta Marcinek; Bartosz Michałowski; Michał Piasecki; Justyna Tomaszewska; Jacek Michalak. Environmental Footprint of Cementitious Adhesives—Components of ETICS. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8998 .
AMA StyleSebastian Czernik, Marta Marcinek, Bartosz Michałowski, Michał Piasecki, Justyna Tomaszewska, Jacek Michalak. Environmental Footprint of Cementitious Adhesives—Components of ETICS. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8998.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSebastian Czernik; Marta Marcinek; Bartosz Michałowski; Michał Piasecki; Justyna Tomaszewska; Jacek Michalak. 2020. "Environmental Footprint of Cementitious Adhesives—Components of ETICS." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8998.
External thermal insulation systems (ETICS) are relevant facade applications of functional components allowing to reduce energy consumption in buildings to fulfill the provisions of nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEBs). ETICS systems generally are made of adhesives, thermal insulation material, renders with mesh reinforcement, primers, and finish coats. Their main parameters are thermal characteristics and durability, both determined by the specific composition of the systems. Growing concerns on the environment and depletion of natural resources drive the need for the determination of the environmental characteristic of ETICS due to its growing market demand. This analysis focuses on a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a commonly used EPS based ETICS system with four different renderings, produced in several locations. The scope of this study concerns raw materials extraction, transport, production, and energy provision up to the finished, packed, and ready-for-sale product at the factory gate. The authors compared the environmental impact allocated to the 1 m2 of the produced system by taking into account the thickness of EPS and within different environmental impact categories. The results of the current impacts were compared to those obtained five years earlier, considering the technological and environmental progress of the production process.
Bartosz Michałowski; Marta Marcinek; Justyna Tomaszewska; Sebastian Czernik; Michał Piasecki; Robert Geryło; Jacek Michalak. Influence of Rendering Type on the Environmental Characteristics of Expanded Polystyrene-Based External Thermal Insulation Composite System. Buildings 2020, 10, 47 .
AMA StyleBartosz Michałowski, Marta Marcinek, Justyna Tomaszewska, Sebastian Czernik, Michał Piasecki, Robert Geryło, Jacek Michalak. Influence of Rendering Type on the Environmental Characteristics of Expanded Polystyrene-Based External Thermal Insulation Composite System. Buildings. 2020; 10 (3):47.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBartosz Michałowski; Marta Marcinek; Justyna Tomaszewska; Sebastian Czernik; Michał Piasecki; Robert Geryło; Jacek Michalak. 2020. "Influence of Rendering Type on the Environmental Characteristics of Expanded Polystyrene-Based External Thermal Insulation Composite System." Buildings 10, no. 3: 47.
Justyna Tomaszewska. Polski sektor budowlany a GOZ. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 2019, 1, 10 -12.
AMA StyleJustyna Tomaszewska. Polski sektor budowlany a GOZ. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE. 2019; 1 (12):10-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Tomaszewska. 2019. "Polski sektor budowlany a GOZ." MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 1, no. 12: 10-12.
Justyna Tomaszewska. Analiza cyklu życia (LCA) budynku z wykorzystaniem BIM. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 2018, 1, 92 -94.
AMA StyleJustyna Tomaszewska. Analiza cyklu życia (LCA) budynku z wykorzystaniem BIM. MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE. 2018; 1 (5):92-94.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Tomaszewska. 2018. "Analiza cyklu życia (LCA) budynku z wykorzystaniem BIM." MATERIAŁY BUDOWLANE 1, no. 5: 92-94.
Due to its harmful impact on human health, the presence of heavy metals, metalloids and other toxic pollutants in drinking or irrigation water is a major concern. Recent studies have proved that nanosized adsorbents are significantly more effective than their microsized counterparts. Particular attention has been given to nanocomposites with nanoadsorbents embedded in matrixes that could provide stability to the material and contribute to eliminating problems that may appear when using conventional granular systems. This study presents the preparation of a novel hybrid filter from a commercially available polypropylene (PP) non-woven fabric matrix modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and iron oxy(hydroxide) nanoparticles, and its use in the removal of As(III). A Box–Behnken statistical experimental design has been chosen to explore relevant variables affecting the filter performance: (1) As(III) concentration, (2) pH and (3) sorbent dose. From an As(III) concentration of 10 mg L−1, at pH 6.5 and with a sorbent dose of 5 g L−1, the PP filter modified with MWCNT removes 10% of the initial metalloid concentration, reaching a capacity of 0.27 mg g−1. After modification with iron oxy(hydroxide), the performance of the material is largely enhanced. The filter, under the same conditions, removes 90% of the initial As(III) concentration, reaching a capacity almost tenfold higher (2.54 mg g−1). This work demonstrates that the developed hybrid filter is effective toward the removal of As(III) in a wide range of pHs. A cubic regression model to compute the removal of the filter as a function of pH and sorbent dose is provided.
Justyna Tomaszewska; P. Smektała; I. Zgłobicka; J. Michalski; K. J. Kurzydłowski; P. Krzemiński; C. Escudero-Oñate. Non-woven polypropylene fabric modified with carbon nanotubes and decorated with nanoakaganeite for arsenite removal. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2017, 15, 1831 -1842.
AMA StyleJustyna Tomaszewska, P. Smektała, I. Zgłobicka, J. Michalski, K. J. Kurzydłowski, P. Krzemiński, C. Escudero-Oñate. Non-woven polypropylene fabric modified with carbon nanotubes and decorated with nanoakaganeite for arsenite removal. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 2017; 15 (9):1831-1842.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Tomaszewska; P. Smektała; I. Zgłobicka; J. Michalski; K. J. Kurzydłowski; P. Krzemiński; C. Escudero-Oñate. 2017. "Non-woven polypropylene fabric modified with carbon nanotubes and decorated with nanoakaganeite for arsenite removal." International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 15, no. 9: 1831-1842.
Hybrid filter material was obtained via modification of polypropylene (PP) nonwoven with nanosize zinc oxide particles of a high aspect ratio. Modification was conducted as a three-step process, a variant of hydrothermal method used for synthesis of nano-ZnO, adopted for coating three dimensional polymeric nonwoven filters. The process consisted of plasma treatment of nonwoven to increase its wettability, deposition of ZnO nanoparticles and low temperature hydrothermal growth of ZnO rods. The modified nonwovens were investigated by a high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM). It has been found that the obtained hybrid filters offer a higher filtration efficiency, in particular for so called most penetrating particle sizes.
Szymon Jakubiak; Justyna Tomaszewska; Anna Jackiewicz; Jakub Michalski; Krzysztof J. Kurzydłowski. Polypropylene – zinc oxide nanorod hybrid material for applications in separation processes. Chemical and Process Engineering 2016, 37, 393 -403.
AMA StyleSzymon Jakubiak, Justyna Tomaszewska, Anna Jackiewicz, Jakub Michalski, Krzysztof J. Kurzydłowski. Polypropylene – zinc oxide nanorod hybrid material for applications in separation processes. Chemical and Process Engineering. 2016; 37 (3):393-403.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzymon Jakubiak; Justyna Tomaszewska; Anna Jackiewicz; Jakub Michalski; Krzysztof J. Kurzydłowski. 2016. "Polypropylene – zinc oxide nanorod hybrid material for applications in separation processes." Chemical and Process Engineering 37, no. 3: 393-403.
Justyna Tomaszewska; Szymon Jakubiak; Jakub Michalski; Wouter Pronk; Stephan J. Hug; Krzysztof J. Kurzydłowski. A polypropylene cartridge filter with hematite nanoparticles for solid particles retention and arsenic removal. Applied Surface Science 2016, 366, 529 -534.
AMA StyleJustyna Tomaszewska, Szymon Jakubiak, Jakub Michalski, Wouter Pronk, Stephan J. Hug, Krzysztof J. Kurzydłowski. A polypropylene cartridge filter with hematite nanoparticles for solid particles retention and arsenic removal. Applied Surface Science. 2016; 366 ():529-534.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJustyna Tomaszewska; Szymon Jakubiak; Jakub Michalski; Wouter Pronk; Stephan J. Hug; Krzysztof J. Kurzydłowski. 2016. "A polypropylene cartridge filter with hematite nanoparticles for solid particles retention and arsenic removal." Applied Surface Science 366, no. : 529-534.
This work presents fabrication of purely ceramic submicron fibers by rotary jet-spinning – a recently developed method. An inertial force is used to form fibrous jets made of viscous dispersions, which then solidify during solvent evaporation. Precursor suspensions were prepared with the use of water as the only solvent, non-toxic Fe2O3 ceramic powder and poly(ethylene oxide) – a fiber-forming agent. The obtained fibers were in the range of 0.2–1.4 µm in diameter. This work presents a concept that utilizes ceramic fibers that could potentially be used for arsenic removal based on adsorption-enhanced filtration. We prove that ceramic fibers can be formed by simply adding non-agglomerated particles to a polymer solution. The nonwoven fiber-based approach will allow higher flow rates of the filtrate during purification and enable heat treatment for cleaning the filters. However, by changing the type of particles and/or preparing a mixture of them, the application range of the final product can be significantly broadened.
Mateusz Schabikowski; Justyna Tomaszewska; Dariusz Kata; Thomas Graule. Rotary jet-spinning of hematite fibers. Textile Research Journal 2014, 85, 316 -324.
AMA StyleMateusz Schabikowski, Justyna Tomaszewska, Dariusz Kata, Thomas Graule. Rotary jet-spinning of hematite fibers. Textile Research Journal. 2014; 85 (3):316-324.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMateusz Schabikowski; Justyna Tomaszewska; Dariusz Kata; Thomas Graule. 2014. "Rotary jet-spinning of hematite fibers." Textile Research Journal 85, no. 3: 316-324.