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Prof. Catalina Rus-Casas
Universidad de Jaén, Spain

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Review
Published: 17 August 2021 in Applied Sciences
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In the current era, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly pervasive with applications in several applicative fields effectively changing our daily life. In this scenario, machine learning (ML), a subset of AI techniques, provides machines with the ability to programmatically learn from data to model a system while adapting to new situations as they learn more by data they are ingesting (on-line training). During the last several years, many papers have been published concerning ML applications in the field of solar systems. This paper presents the state of the art ML models applied in solar energy’s forecasting field i.e., for solar irradiance and power production forecasting (both point and interval or probabilistic forecasting), electricity price forecasting and energy demand forecasting. Other applications of ML into the photovoltaic (PV) field taken into account are the modelling of PV modules, PV design parameter extraction, tracking the maximum power point (MPP), PV systems efficiency optimization, PV/Thermal (PV/T) and Concentrating PV (CPV) system design parameters’ optimization and efficiency improvement, anomaly detection and energy management of PV’s storage systems. While many review papers already exist in this regard, they are usually focused only on one specific topic, while in this paper are gathered all the most relevant applications of ML for solar systems in many different fields. The paper gives an overview of the most recent and promising applications of machine learning used in the field of photovoltaic systems.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Cristina Ventura; Sergio Ferlito; Saverio De Vito. A State-of-Art-Review on Machine-Learning Based Methods for PV. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7550 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina, Cristina Ventura, Sergio Ferlito, Saverio De Vito. A State-of-Art-Review on Machine-Learning Based Methods for PV. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (16):7550.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Cristina Ventura; Sergio Ferlito; Saverio De Vito. 2021. "A State-of-Art-Review on Machine-Learning Based Methods for PV." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7550.

Journal article
Published: 20 June 2021 in Solar Energy
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Recently increasing attention has been paid on photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar systems as these systems allow to generate heat and electricity simultaneously. Thermal and electrical performance of PV/T modules are coupled, so it is crucial to monitor both efficiencies to decide the optimal operating point. In this context, this paper aims to investigate numerically and experimentally the electrical energy performance of PV/T modules suitable to be used for online monitoring and control purposes. This study proposes a novel methodology for the evaluation of the electrical efficiency of PV/T modules as a function of the temperature of the cooling fluid, the solar radiation and the solar incidence angle. The proposed methodology is based on the calculation of the cell temperature of the PV/T module, which is in turn a function of the temperature of the cooling fluid and the specific features of the PV/T module. Models proposed in the literature for the evaluation of the electrical efficiency for PV modules have been redrafted, adapting them to PV/T modules. The proposed methodology has been validated using the experimental data carried out on an unglazed pilot PV/T plant located in Catania (Italy). The comparison between the calculated data by the developed redrafted models and observed data gives rises to a normalized Root Mean Square Error (nRMSE) of 9.73%. It is worth noticing that the accuracy of the models increases taking into consideration of the dependence of the electrical efficiency from the solar incidence angle (nRMSE equal to 8.99%).

ACS Style

Cristina Ventura; Giuseppe Marco Tina; Antonio Gagliano; Stefano Aneli. Enhanced models for the evaluation of electrical efficiency of PV/T modules. Solar Energy 2021, 224, 531 -544.

AMA Style

Cristina Ventura, Giuseppe Marco Tina, Antonio Gagliano, Stefano Aneli. Enhanced models for the evaluation of electrical efficiency of PV/T modules. Solar Energy. 2021; 224 ():531-544.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cristina Ventura; Giuseppe Marco Tina; Antonio Gagliano; Stefano Aneli. 2021. "Enhanced models for the evaluation of electrical efficiency of PV/T modules." Solar Energy 224, no. : 531-544.

Journal article
Published: 03 May 2021 in Renewable Energy
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There is an increasing interest in Floating PV (FPV) plants thanks to their advantages compared with ground and rooftop PV systems, mainly related to very limited land use, evaporation reduction, and improvement of the energy performance. The PV modules installed on water surfaces have a natural cooling due to the microclimate in which they operate, which reduces thermal power losses. Furthermore, they can be equipped with simple and effective forced active water cooling systems which further improve FPVs performance. The objective of this study is to develop and validate mathematical models capable of estimating the performance of bifacial and monofacial PV modules installed on water surfaces. Starting from the energy balances of the PV modules, different scenarios are simulated, such as mono and bifacial systems installed on the rooftop, mono, and bifacial FPV systems in presence of natural (or passive) and forced (or active) cooling. The models are validated against experimental data acquired in FPV systems installed in the Enel Innovation Lab by Enel Green Power, Catania (Italy). The obtained results show an energy gain due to bifaciality of 5.24%. The passive cooling in the FPV increases the energy collected by 3% (maximum obtainable of 6.4%) and 2.6% for the bifacial and monofacial technology respectively. Active cooling in FPVs increases the collected energy by 9.7% (maximum achievable of 13.5%) and 9.5% for the bifacial and monofacial respectively.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Leonardo Merlo; Fabrizio Bizzarri. Analysis of water environment on the performances of floating photovoltaic plants. Renewable Energy 2021, 175, 281 -295.

AMA Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina, Fausto Bontempo Scavo, Leonardo Merlo, Fabrizio Bizzarri. Analysis of water environment on the performances of floating photovoltaic plants. Renewable Energy. 2021; 175 ():281-295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Leonardo Merlo; Fabrizio Bizzarri. 2021. "Analysis of water environment on the performances of floating photovoltaic plants." Renewable Energy 175, no. : 281-295.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2021 in Energies
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Photovoltaic (PV) modules suffer from a reduction of electric conversion due to the high operating temperatures of the PV cells. Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) technology represents an effective solution for cooling the PV cells. This paper discusses a theoretical study on a novel bi-fluid PV/T collector. One dimensional steady-state numerical model is developed, and computer simulations are performed using MATLAB. This numerical model is based on a pilot PV/T plant, installed in the Campus of the University of Catania, and was experimentally validated. The design of the proposed bi-fluid PV/T is based on a commercial WISC PV/T collector, to which are added an air channel, an aluminum absorber with fins, and a layer of thermal insulation. The analysis of the thermal behavior of the proposed collector is carried out as a function of the flow rate of the two heat transfer fluids (air and water). Finally, the comparative analysis between the conventional water-based PV/T collector, namely PV/T, and the bi-fluid (water/air-based) WISC PVT, namely PV/Tb, is presented for both winter and summer days. For the investigated winter day, the numerical results show an overall improvement of the performance of the bi-fluid PV/T module, with an increase of thermal energy transferred to the liquid side of 20%, and of 15.3% for the overall energy yield in comparison to the conventional PV/T collector. Instead, a loss of 0.2% of electricity is observed. No performance improvements were observed during the summer day.

ACS Style

Oussama El Manssouri; Bekkay Hajji; Giuseppe Tina; Antonio Gagliano; Stefano Aneli. Electrical and Thermal Performances of Bi-Fluid PV/Thermal Collectors. Energies 2021, 14, 1633 .

AMA Style

Oussama El Manssouri, Bekkay Hajji, Giuseppe Tina, Antonio Gagliano, Stefano Aneli. Electrical and Thermal Performances of Bi-Fluid PV/Thermal Collectors. Energies. 2021; 14 (6):1633.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oussama El Manssouri; Bekkay Hajji; Giuseppe Tina; Antonio Gagliano; Stefano Aneli. 2021. "Electrical and Thermal Performances of Bi-Fluid PV/Thermal Collectors." Energies 14, no. 6: 1633.

Journal article
Published: 23 January 2021 in Sustainability
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This work describes an educational experience in which personal learning environments (PLEs) were created as a tool for the acquisition of subject contents in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) areas. For this, the same methodology was developed for different subjects in order to teach the use of some digital tools, learn about the concepts related to the PLE, and apply the PLE to educational content promoting sustainable learning. Two questionnaires were designed to obtain information about the tools, activities, and subjects. The results of the questionnaires were analyzed using the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test and Pearson’s correlation. Then, several factors and the relationships between them were defined. In addition, this paper shows that because the PLE is based on a learning model in which the learner is the protagonist, its use is linked to sustainable learning. Therefore, the use of PLEs allows the development of the competences of “collaborative work” and “information management and organization”, which are both related to sustainable learning. In addition, the use of PLEs promotes understanding of the subjects and academic results in the subjects.

ACS Style

Catalina Rus-Casas; M.Dolores Rubia; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Juan Aguilar-Peña. Online Tools for the Creation of Personal Learning Environments in Engineering Studies for Sustainable Learning. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1179 .

AMA Style

Catalina Rus-Casas, M.Dolores Rubia, Dolores Eliche-Quesada, Gabino Jiménez-Castillo, Juan Aguilar-Peña. Online Tools for the Creation of Personal Learning Environments in Engineering Studies for Sustainable Learning. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Catalina Rus-Casas; M.Dolores Rubia; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Juan Aguilar-Peña. 2021. "Online Tools for the Creation of Personal Learning Environments in Engineering Studies for Sustainable Learning." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1179.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2021 in Applied Sciences
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DC/DC converters are widely used in photovoltaic (PV) systems to track the maximum power points (MPP) of a photovoltaic generator (PVG). The variation of solar radiation (G) and PV cells temperature (T) affect the power efficiency of these DC/DC converters because they change the MPP, thus a sizing adaptation of the component values in these DC/DC converters is needed. Power loss in the inductor due to core saturation can severely degrade power efficiency. This paper proposes a new method that allows to adapt the inductor values according to the variable output power of the PV array in order to minimize losses and improve the converter power efficiency. The main idea is to replace the DC/DC inductor with a coupled inductor where the DC/DC inductor value is adjusted through an additional winding in the magnetic core that modulates the magnetic field inside it. Low current intensities from the PVG supply this winding through a circuit controlled by a fuzzy logic controller in order to regulate the second winding current intensity. Experimental results show a significant improvement of the power efficiency of the proposed solution as compared to a conventional converter.

ACS Style

Nabil Abouchabana; Mourad Haddadi; Abdelhamid Rabhi; Alfio Dario Grasso; Giuseppe Marco Tina. Power Efficiency Improvement of a Boost Converter Using a Coupled Inductor with a Fuzzy Logic Controller: Application to a Photovoltaic System. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 980 .

AMA Style

Nabil Abouchabana, Mourad Haddadi, Abdelhamid Rabhi, Alfio Dario Grasso, Giuseppe Marco Tina. Power Efficiency Improvement of a Boost Converter Using a Coupled Inductor with a Fuzzy Logic Controller: Application to a Photovoltaic System. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (3):980.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nabil Abouchabana; Mourad Haddadi; Abdelhamid Rabhi; Alfio Dario Grasso; Giuseppe Marco Tina. 2021. "Power Efficiency Improvement of a Boost Converter Using a Coupled Inductor with a Fuzzy Logic Controller: Application to a Photovoltaic System." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3: 980.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in Electronics
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The industrial sector has a great opportunity to reduce its energy costs through distributed generation. In this sense, the potential of photovoltaic self-consumption systems in the industrial cooling and refrigeration sector is shown. Two industries with photovoltaic self-consumption installations are shown and the electricity consumption profile of this type of industry which has a remarkable basal electricity consumption during daytime is analyzed. The matching between consumption and photovoltaic generation profiles is provided through the self-consumption and self-sufficiency curves considering different reporting periods (monthly and annual). Moreover, a new index is presented: self-sufficiency index for sunshine hours, φSS,SH. This index evaluates the performance of the photovoltaic self-consumption system when facing the consumption only during sunshine hours. This index may complement the self-sufficiency index and may improve the analysis of this type of systems in the industrial sector. Self-consumption indices of 90% may be provided. Moreover, self-sufficiency indices for total (24 h) and for sunshine hours of 25% and 50%, respectively, for industry A, and 26% and 45% for industry B have been obtained. During daytime, half the load consumption in this type of industry may be covered by photovoltaics while achieving high levels of use of the photovoltaic energy generated.

ACS Style

Antonio Javier Martínez-Calahorro; Gabino Jimenez-Castillo; Catalina Rus-Casas; Pedro Gómez-Vidal; Francisco José Muñoz-Rodríguez. Photovoltaic Self-Consumption in Industrial Cooling and Refrigeration. Electronics 2020, 9, 2204 .

AMA Style

Antonio Javier Martínez-Calahorro, Gabino Jimenez-Castillo, Catalina Rus-Casas, Pedro Gómez-Vidal, Francisco José Muñoz-Rodríguez. Photovoltaic Self-Consumption in Industrial Cooling and Refrigeration. Electronics. 2020; 9 (12):2204.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Javier Martínez-Calahorro; Gabino Jimenez-Castillo; Catalina Rus-Casas; Pedro Gómez-Vidal; Francisco José Muñoz-Rodríguez. 2020. "Photovoltaic Self-Consumption in Industrial Cooling and Refrigeration." Electronics 9, no. 12: 2204.

Conference paper
Published: 01 November 2020 in ICERI2020 Proceedings
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ACS Style

M. Dolores La Rubia; Catalina Rus-Casas; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Juan Domingo Aguilar-Peña; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Jose Luis Sanchez-Jimenez. MOTIVATION TO BE ENTREPRENEUR VS BUSINESS INTENTION. RESULTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROMOTION PROGRAMS WITH ENGINEERING STUDENTS. ICERI2020 Proceedings 2020, 1665 -1670.

AMA Style

M. Dolores La Rubia, Catalina Rus-Casas, Dolores Eliche-Quesada, Juan Domingo Aguilar-Peña, Gabino Jiménez-Castillo, Jose Luis Sanchez-Jimenez. MOTIVATION TO BE ENTREPRENEUR VS BUSINESS INTENTION. RESULTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROMOTION PROGRAMS WITH ENGINEERING STUDENTS. ICERI2020 Proceedings. 2020; ():1665-1670.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Dolores La Rubia; Catalina Rus-Casas; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Juan Domingo Aguilar-Peña; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Jose Luis Sanchez-Jimenez. 2020. "MOTIVATION TO BE ENTREPRENEUR VS BUSINESS INTENTION. RESULTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROMOTION PROGRAMS WITH ENGINEERING STUDENTS." ICERI2020 Proceedings , no. : 1665-1670.

Conference paper
Published: 01 November 2020 in ICERI2020 Proceedings
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ACS Style

M. Dolores La Rubia; Catalina Rus-Casas; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Juan Domingo Aguilar-Peña; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Jose Luis Sánchez-Jiménez. STUDY OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDES OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS USING SELF-DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS. ICERI2020 Proceedings 2020, 1140 -1144.

AMA Style

M. Dolores La Rubia, Catalina Rus-Casas, Dolores Eliche-Quesada, Juan Domingo Aguilar-Peña, Gabino Jiménez-Castillo, Jose Luis Sánchez-Jiménez. STUDY OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDES OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS USING SELF-DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS. ICERI2020 Proceedings. 2020; ():1140-1144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Dolores La Rubia; Catalina Rus-Casas; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Juan Domingo Aguilar-Peña; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Jose Luis Sánchez-Jiménez. 2020. "STUDY OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDES OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS USING SELF-DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS." ICERI2020 Proceedings , no. : 1140-1144.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2020 in Applied Energy
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The aim of this study is to create usable commercial simulation software tools for photovoltaic (PV) systems even in the case of floating applications. Using the experimental data of a plant installed at the “Enel Innovation Lab” in Catania (IT), adequate heat exchange coefficients of the software's thermal models were found, which allowed us to take into account the thermal effects for these types of installations. An optimization of the sizes for mono- and bifacial floating systems was carried out. The simulated data for a ground system were compared with the floating data through performance indices. In addition, monofacial models were compared with bifacial. The optimized variables are the tilt angle and the pitch, whereas for the bifacial systems, the module elevation is also considered. The albedo is a sensitive factor mainly for the bifacial modules, so it was considered a parameter in the different design solutions. The simulations were performed by two specialized commercial software programs, where different PV system models are implemented. The normalized annual energy yield was chosen as a meaningful parameter with which to compare the different solutions. As the analysis of PV systems is highly site dependent, the study was developed for two locations, characterized by different diffuse and albedo solar irradiance components, specifically at high latitudes (Frankfurt, DE) and at intermediate latitudes (Catania, IT).

ACS Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Leonardo Merlo; Fabrizio Bizzarri. Comparative analysis of monofacial and bifacial photovoltaic modules for floating power plants. Applied Energy 2020, 281, 116084 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina, Fausto Bontempo Scavo, Leonardo Merlo, Fabrizio Bizzarri. Comparative analysis of monofacial and bifacial photovoltaic modules for floating power plants. Applied Energy. 2020; 281 ():116084.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Leonardo Merlo; Fabrizio Bizzarri. 2020. "Comparative analysis of monofacial and bifacial photovoltaic modules for floating power plants." Applied Energy 281, no. : 116084.

Journal article
Published: 13 October 2020 in Sustainability
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In a scenario in which the labour market is increasingly competitive and there is a need to provide students with practical training, Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) must promote the labour integration of students, by building their competences and shaping their skills in accordance with the strategic plans of companies. In the past, cooperation between companies and universities was based on informal agreements. Nowadays, companies are actively involved in the development of educational models. This is not only part of their corporate social responsibility, but also represents a business opportunity. In this context, the research performed to identify collaboration models between companies and HEIs that simplify the integration of training processes in companies is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this research is to identify existing joint educational models between companies and HEIs and to propose a methodology that allows them to select the models most in line with their business. The methodology applies a multi-criteria selection procedure and, in a simple way, enables the businesses to identify how to increase their involvement. Model identification is based on a proposal of common features that uses indicators for involvement quantification. This study selected ten HEI-company cooperation models and subsequently applied the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to analyse the level of involvement that these models require of companies. Five models of different involvement levels were selected and detailed by their features.

ACS Style

Angela Medina; Jesus Hernández; Emilio Muñoz-Cerón; Catalina Rus-Casas. Identification of Educational Models That Encourage Business Participation in Higher Education Institutions. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8421 .

AMA Style

Angela Medina, Jesus Hernández, Emilio Muñoz-Cerón, Catalina Rus-Casas. Identification of Educational Models That Encourage Business Participation in Higher Education Institutions. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8421.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Angela Medina; Jesus Hernández; Emilio Muñoz-Cerón; Catalina Rus-Casas. 2020. "Identification of Educational Models That Encourage Business Participation in Higher Education Institutions." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8421.

Journal article
Published: 25 September 2020 in Renewable Energy
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The management of photovoltaic self-consumption systems is based mainly on updating energetic parameters such as generation and household power consumption connected via smart devices. The expected rapid increasing volume of data collected with different time resolutions is surely a topic that deserves great attention. The choice of a proper recording interval should balance the amount of monitored data and a proper energy analysis in order not only to take effective and timely decisions but also to help this technology to be more efficient. In the literature, only specific nominal array powers for annual reporting period or an array power range for daily reporting period have been considered. In this context, the error, when matching photovoltaic generation and household power consumption profiles considering different recording intervals (1, 10, 15, 30 and 60 min) and different reporting periods (daily and annual), will be estimated as a function of the array power (up to 10 kWp) for five households and a resident's association. Results depend on the reporting periods and it may be advisable to use 1 min and 10 min of recording intervals in order to estimate performance metrics in this type of system for a daily and annual basis, respectively.

ACS Style

G. Jiménez-Castillo; C. Rus-Casas; G.M. Tina; F.J. Muñoz-Rodriguez. Effects of smart meter time resolution when analyzing photovoltaic self-consumption system on a daily and annual basis. Renewable Energy 2020, 164, 1 .

AMA Style

G. Jiménez-Castillo, C. Rus-Casas, G.M. Tina, F.J. Muñoz-Rodriguez. Effects of smart meter time resolution when analyzing photovoltaic self-consumption system on a daily and annual basis. Renewable Energy. 2020; 164 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Jiménez-Castillo; C. Rus-Casas; G.M. Tina; F.J. Muñoz-Rodriguez. 2020. "Effects of smart meter time resolution when analyzing photovoltaic self-consumption system on a daily and annual basis." Renewable Energy 164, no. : 1.

Review article
Published: 24 September 2020 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) is an emerging technology that has experienced significant growth in the renewable energy market since 2016. It is estimated that technical improvements along with governmental initiatives will promote the growth rate of this technology over 31% in 2024. This study comprehensively reviews the floating photovoltaic (FPV) solar energy conversion technology by deep investigating the technical advancements and presenting a deliberate discussion on the comparison between floating and ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV) systems. Also, the economics and environmental impacts of FPV plants are presented by introducing the main challenges and prospects. The FPV plants can be conventionally installed on water bodies/dam reservoirs or be implemented as multipurpose systems to produce simultaneous food and power. Installing FPV modules over water reservoirs can prevent evaporation but penetration of solar radiation still remains an issue that can be eliminated by employing bifacial PV modules. The salt deposition in off-shore plants and algae-bloom growth are other important issues that can degrade modules over time and adversely affect the aquatic ecosystem. The capital expenditure (CAPEX) for FPV systems is about 25% higher than ground-mounted plants, mainly due to the existence of floats, moorings, and anchors. It has been stated that the capacity increase of FPV plants (ranges from 52 kW to 2 MW) can intensely decrease the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) up to 85%. It is estimated that FPV technology can become more affordable in the future by further research, developments, and progress in both technology and materials.

ACS Style

Shiva Gorjian; H. Sharon; Hossein Ebadi; Karunesh Kant; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Giuseppe Marco Tina. Recent technical advancements, economics and environmental impacts of floating photovoltaic solar energy conversion systems. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 278, 124285 .

AMA Style

Shiva Gorjian, H. Sharon, Hossein Ebadi, Karunesh Kant, Fausto Bontempo Scavo, Giuseppe Marco Tina. Recent technical advancements, economics and environmental impacts of floating photovoltaic solar energy conversion systems. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 278 ():124285.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shiva Gorjian; H. Sharon; Hossein Ebadi; Karunesh Kant; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Giuseppe Marco Tina. 2020. "Recent technical advancements, economics and environmental impacts of floating photovoltaic solar energy conversion systems." Journal of Cleaner Production 278, no. : 124285.

Conference paper
Published: 15 August 2020 in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
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The electrical systems are moving very rapidly to small/medium size distributed generation and storage system with the main goal to improve the level of energy self-sufficiency, with a drastic change of the user model from passive to active (prosumers). The prosumers will group themselves at the level of nano and micro smart grids. In this context models of hybrid systems with photovoltaic (PV) system, battery energy storage system (BEES) and/or diesel generator are needed. Since power quality represents an important issue for smarts grid that can work also in off-grid configuration, the aim of the control logic is the achievement of voltage and frequency regulation. For this purpose, different reference standards are considered. In the proposed case study, two different operation modes are investigated: grid-connected mode and stand-alone mode, depending on the different role of diesel generator and external power grid. Two different control logics for the system PV+BEES are adopted for the two operation modes under study. Accordingly, two different simulations with a 24-h horizon are run and the results are discussed, in terms of active and reactive power of the hybrid system components, voltage and frequency profile at the connection bus. Also a transient analysis on the diesel generator connection and disconnection is conducted.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina. Active and Reactive Power Regulation in Nano Grid-Connected Hybrid PV Systems. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2020, 39 -54.

AMA Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina. Active and Reactive Power Regulation in Nano Grid-Connected Hybrid PV Systems. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2020; ():39-54.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina. 2020. "Active and Reactive Power Regulation in Nano Grid-Connected Hybrid PV Systems." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 39-54.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2020 in Energies
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The increasing presence of distributed generation (DG) in the electrical grid determines new challenges in grid operations, especially in terms of voltage and frequency regulation. Recently, several grid codes have required photovoltaic (PV) inverters to control their reactive power output in order to provide voltage regulation services, and the allocation of a certain amount of active power reserve for fast frequency response (FFR) service during under-frequency contingencies is needed. This requirement involves a significant waste of energy for PV systems, due to the necessity to constantly operate in de-loaded mode, under normal operating conditions. In addition, the variability of the irradiance can affect the correct amount of active power reserve that the system can provide in the moments after an under-frequency occurrence. The increasing number of battery energy storage systems (BESSs), coupled to PV systems, can be used to provide a worthy contribution to this frequency regulation service. The aim of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of active power reserve provided by a BESS connected to the DC bus of a non-ideal grid-connected PV inverter, taking into account the impact of reactive power control. For this purpose, the contribution of BESSs to frequency regulation is discussed and, starting from an existing model of real inverter, an analytical formulation for active power reserve evaluation is presented. Results concerning the impact of reactive power control are also given. Finally, the possibility for a low voltage (LV) grid with aggregated PV systems and BESSs to contribute to grid active power reserve is considered. Different voltage control strategies are compared, defining a helpful new parameter.

ACS Style

Dario Garozzo; Giuseppe Marco Tina. Evaluation of the Effective Active Power Reserve for Fast Frequency Response of PV with BESS Inverters Considering Reactive Power Control. Energies 2020, 13, 3437 .

AMA Style

Dario Garozzo, Giuseppe Marco Tina. Evaluation of the Effective Active Power Reserve for Fast Frequency Response of PV with BESS Inverters Considering Reactive Power Control. Energies. 2020; 13 (13):3437.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dario Garozzo; Giuseppe Marco Tina. 2020. "Evaluation of the Effective Active Power Reserve for Fast Frequency Response of PV with BESS Inverters Considering Reactive Power Control." Energies 13, no. 13: 3437.

Conference paper
Published: 01 July 2020 in 2020 XIV Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching Conference (TAEE)
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Smart grids have become a highly in-demand field of study among undergraduate and post-graduate students within the academic fields of electrical, electronic and computer engineering, among others. When the wide range of areas and fields of work offered by smart grids is made apparent, innovative, surprising and multidisciplinary ideas, proposals and works emerge. In this work, we examine how education in smart grids and systems is approached in the Higher Polytechnic School of Jaén (Spain) and we put forward our proposals to expand and complement education in this area.

ACS Style

Angeles Verdejo Espinosa; Catalina Rus Casas; Macarena Espinilla Estevez; Maria Dolores Ruiz Lozano; Carmen Martinez Cruz. Education in smart grids: a perspective from the field of engineering. 2020 XIV Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching Conference (TAEE) 2020, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Angeles Verdejo Espinosa, Catalina Rus Casas, Macarena Espinilla Estevez, Maria Dolores Ruiz Lozano, Carmen Martinez Cruz. Education in smart grids: a perspective from the field of engineering. 2020 XIV Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching Conference (TAEE). 2020; ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Angeles Verdejo Espinosa; Catalina Rus Casas; Macarena Espinilla Estevez; Maria Dolores Ruiz Lozano; Carmen Martinez Cruz. 2020. "Education in smart grids: a perspective from the field of engineering." 2020 XIV Technologies Applied to Electronics Teaching Conference (TAEE) , no. : 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2020 in Sustainability
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This paper presents the results of three academic courses in which Entrepreneurship Promotion Programs (EPP) have been developed for engineering students at the University of Jaén. This study describes the activities and how they have been promoted using the social networks Facebook and Twitter. Grytics for Analytics software was used for monitoring Facebook activity. The use of these tools has also allowed the collaborative development of the Engineering degree competencies related to sustainability and entrepreneurship through the Materials Science disciplines. The study is based on questionnaires before and after the EPP which involved a sample of 459 engineering students. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test, Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and Pearson’s correlation were used. The questionnaires show which factors have the strongest influence on the intention to undertake entrepreneurial activity. Motivation (MO), personal requirements (PR), perception of the environment (PE) and the background requirements (BR) were the factors considered. The statistical study shows that PE and PR have a strong influence on MO. Finally, through the study before and after the EPP, the success of the activities and the use of social networks have been demonstrated. The results indicate that the activities of the EPP influence the perception of the environment and the motivation of the engineering students. However, the personal requirements are not affected by the activities.

ACS Style

Catalina Rus-Casas; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Juan D. Aguilar-Peña; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; M. Dolores La Rubia. The Impact of the Entrepreneurship Promotion Programs and the Social Networks on the Sustainability Entrepreneurial Motivation of Engineering Students. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Catalina Rus-Casas, Dolores Eliche-Quesada, Juan D. Aguilar-Peña, Gabino Jiménez-Castillo, M. Dolores La Rubia. The Impact of the Entrepreneurship Promotion Programs and the Social Networks on the Sustainability Entrepreneurial Motivation of Engineering Students. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (12):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Catalina Rus-Casas; Dolores Eliche-Quesada; Juan D. Aguilar-Peña; Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; M. Dolores La Rubia. 2020. "The Impact of the Entrepreneurship Promotion Programs and the Social Networks on the Sustainability Entrepreneurial Motivation of Engineering Students." Sustainability 12, no. 12: 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 April 2020 in IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
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This article aims to present a novel mono-dimensional multilayer mathematical model apt to estimate the temperature of photovoltaic (PV) cells for both monofacial and bifacial PV modules. A dynamic three-layer model (3L-NM) has been developed, in which the contribution of solar radiation that hits the back of the PV module is included. The model is constituted by energy balance equations, one for each layer of the PV module. The input data of the proposed model are the environmental weather conditions as well as the withdrawal electrical power. The outputs are the average temperature of each layer, so it is possible to determine the PV cell temperatures that typically cannot be directly measured. With the purpose to investigate the reliability of the proposed model, the numerical results have been compared with experimental data. Finally, a sensitivity analysis has been performed to evaluate the impact of solar radiation in the back of the PV module considering the different wind speed, as well as the operating electrical points (open circuit and maximum power point). From the statistical analysis, correlation values of 0.993 and 0.990 were obtained, PE values equal to 0.718% and 0.161%, respectively, for the monofacial and bifacial module. The sensitivity study shows that the solar radiation on the backside of the module has a greater impact on the bifacial module, infact, when the contribution of back is included in a model, temperature differences up to 5.2 °C for bifacial and 1.0 °C for monofacial module at 1000 W/m2 were observed.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Antonio Gagliano. Multilayer Thermal Model for Evaluating the Performances of Monofacial and Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 2020, 10, 1035 -1043.

AMA Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina, Fausto Bontempo Scavo, Antonio Gagliano. Multilayer Thermal Model for Evaluating the Performances of Monofacial and Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. 2020; 10 (4):1035-1043.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Marco Tina; Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Antonio Gagliano. 2020. "Multilayer Thermal Model for Evaluating the Performances of Monofacial and Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules." IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 10, no. 4: 1035-1043.

Journal article
Published: 18 February 2020 in Electronics
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Olive mills are extensive in the Mediterranean Basin, and Spain constitutes approximately 45% of global production. The industrial sector faces a new energetic paradigm where distributed generation provided by small renewable energy sources may reduce the dependence from fossil energy sources as well as avoid energy distribution losses. Photovoltaic self-consumption systems can play an important role in confronting this challenge due to their modularity and their decreasing cost. Most of self-sufficiency energy studies are focused on building sector and discussions about the idiosyncrasy of industrial load profiles, and their matching capability with photovoltaic generation profiles can be scarcely found. This work analyzes the potential of photovoltaic self-consumption systems as a function of the array power, array tilt, and orientation angles to face the electric consumption in olive mills. Different recording intervals and reporting periods are considered. Results show that a self-sufficiency index of 40% may be achieved on olive harvest basis. Moreover, due to the load profile particularities, percentage error lower than 1.6% has been found when considering a recording interval of 60 min when matching the olive load consumption and photovoltaic generation profiles. Chosen array tilt and orientation angles may be key parameters to maximize the self-sufficiency index.

ACS Style

Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Francisco José Muñoz-Rodríguez; Antonio Javier Martinez-Calahorro; Giuseppe Marco Tina; Catalina Rus-Casas. Impacts of Array Orientation and Tilt Angles for Photovoltaic Self-Sufficiency and Self-Consumption Indices in Olive Mills in Spain. Electronics 2020, 9, 348 .

AMA Style

Gabino Jiménez-Castillo, Francisco José Muñoz-Rodríguez, Antonio Javier Martinez-Calahorro, Giuseppe Marco Tina, Catalina Rus-Casas. Impacts of Array Orientation and Tilt Angles for Photovoltaic Self-Sufficiency and Self-Consumption Indices in Olive Mills in Spain. Electronics. 2020; 9 (2):348.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabino Jiménez-Castillo; Francisco José Muñoz-Rodríguez; Antonio Javier Martinez-Calahorro; Giuseppe Marco Tina; Catalina Rus-Casas. 2020. "Impacts of Array Orientation and Tilt Angles for Photovoltaic Self-Sufficiency and Self-Consumption Indices in Olive Mills in Spain." Electronics 9, no. 2: 348.

Special issue research article
Published: 05 February 2020 in International Journal of Energy Research
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Under the general topic of the impact of floating photovoltaics (FPVs) systems on water basins, the present study aims to model and analyze the effect of FPVs on the evaporation rate of water surfaces. The estimation of the evaporation of the water surface of a basin is usually calculated using mathematical evaporation models that require knowledge of some parameters (ie, solar radiation, humidity, air temperature, water temperature, and wind velocity). Thus, in the first section of this study, some evaporative models (EVM) for free water basin have been examined to evaluate which are the environmental variables used. On the basis of this analysis, new numerical models for the calculation of the daily evaporation rate have been developed using the design of experiments (DoE) method (three models) and the linear regression method (two models). The results of the developed models have been compared with the experimental measurements carried out by an evaporimeter; such comparison has highlighted the robustness of the proposed numerical models. Moreover, for estimating the evaporation rate in water basins partially covered by FPVs, further three numerical methods are proposed. Finally, the evaporation rates, arising by the installation of different typology of FPVs on water basins, have been evaluated as function of the energy balance on the water surface. It is possible to highlight that the amount of evaporated water depends not only on the percentage of surface covered but also on the characteristics of floating systems. Covering only 30% of the surface of a basin, it is possible to obtain up to 49% reduction in evaporation.

ACS Style

Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Giuseppe Marco Tina; Antonio Gagliano; Sandro Nižetić. An assessment study of evaporation rate models on a water basin with floating photovoltaic plants. International Journal of Energy Research 2020, 45, 167 -188.

AMA Style

Fausto Bontempo Scavo, Giuseppe Marco Tina, Antonio Gagliano, Sandro Nižetić. An assessment study of evaporation rate models on a water basin with floating photovoltaic plants. International Journal of Energy Research. 2020; 45 (1):167-188.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fausto Bontempo Scavo; Giuseppe Marco Tina; Antonio Gagliano; Sandro Nižetić. 2020. "An assessment study of evaporation rate models on a water basin with floating photovoltaic plants." International Journal of Energy Research 45, no. 1: 167-188.