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Striving for reduction of production costs and constraints on natural resources cause the use of waste materials as substitutes of traditional raw materials to become increasingly important. Dynamic development of sewerage systems and sewage treatment plants observed over the recent years leads to increase of mass of the produced sewage sludge. According to the Waste Law, the municipal sewage sludge can be used if it is properly stabilized, e.g., through thermal processing. This process results in significant quantities of fly ash which must be properly utilized. The paper presents results of investigations of influence of partial replacement of cement by the fly ash from sewage sludge on concrete parameters. It was designed as a C20/25 class concrete mix, based on the Portland cement CEM I 42.5R with various ash content. Physical and chemical properties of the ash as well as frost resistance and the compressive strength of the concrete after 28, 56 and 365 days of curing were investigated. The obtained results of investigations confirm the possibility of application of fly ash wastes as a cement substitute in the concrete manufacturing. If a predefined quantity of cement is replaced by the fly ash, then one can obtain cement composite with good strength parameters.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Marek Chalecki; Mariusz Żółtowski. Fly Ash from Thermal Conversion of Sludge as a Cement Substitute in Concrete Manufacturing. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4182 .
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Marek Chalecki, Mariusz Żółtowski. Fly Ash from Thermal Conversion of Sludge as a Cement Substitute in Concrete Manufacturing. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4182.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Marek Chalecki; Mariusz Żółtowski. 2021. "Fly Ash from Thermal Conversion of Sludge as a Cement Substitute in Concrete Manufacturing." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4182.
Concrete is the most commonly used structural material, without which modern construction could not function. It is a material with a high potential to adapt to specific operating conditions. The use of this potential is made by its material modification. The aim of the performed investigations was the assessment of rational application possibilities of fly ashes from thermally conversed municipal sewage sludge as an alternative concrete admixture. A concrete mix was designed, based on the Portland cement CEM I 42.5R and containing various quantity of ash, amounting to 0–25% of cement mass. The samples were conditioned and heated in a furnace at the temperature of 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C. Physical and chemical properties of the ashes as well as utility properties of the concrete, i.e., density, compressive strength after 28, 56, and 90 days of maturation, frost resistance, and compressive strength in high temperature were determined. The tests were performed at cubic samples with 10 cm edge. The replacement of a determined cement quantity by the fly ashes enables obtaining a concrete composite having good strength parameters. The concrete modified by the fly ashes constituting 20% of the cement mass achieved its average compressive strength after 28 days of maturation equal to 50.12 MPa, after 56 days 50.61 MPa and after 90 days 50.80 MPa. The temperature growth weakens the composite structure. The obtained results confirm the possibility of waste recycling in the form of fly ashes as a cement substitute in concrete manufacturing.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Paweł Ogrodnik; Joanna Fronczyk; Ayla Bilgin. Temperature Influence on Ordinary Concrete Modified with Fly Ashes from Thermally Conversed Municipal Sewage Sludge Strength Parameters. Materials 2020, 13, 5259 .
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Paweł Ogrodnik, Joanna Fronczyk, Ayla Bilgin. Temperature Influence on Ordinary Concrete Modified with Fly Ashes from Thermally Conversed Municipal Sewage Sludge Strength Parameters. Materials. 2020; 13 (22):5259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Paweł Ogrodnik; Joanna Fronczyk; Ayla Bilgin. 2020. "Temperature Influence on Ordinary Concrete Modified with Fly Ashes from Thermally Conversed Municipal Sewage Sludge Strength Parameters." Materials 13, no. 22: 5259.
This article focuses on the impact of fly ash from the combustion of municipal sewage sludge (FAMSS) as a cement additive in the amounts of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (by mass) on selected concrete properties. In the course of the experimental work, water penetration depth and compressive strength measurements were made at various periods of curing (from 2 to 365 days). In addition, the potential impact of FAMSS on the natural environment was examined by determining the leachability of heavy metals. FAMSS-modified concretes showed small values of water penetration depth (lower than 50 mm), as well as good compressive strength (reaching minimum class C30/37 after 130 days of maturing)—similar to the compressive strength obtained for conventional concrete. In addition, the partial replacement of cement with FAMSS has environmental benefits, expressed as a reduction in CO2 emissions. In addition, study has shown that compliance with environmental requirements is associated with heavy metal leaching.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Piotr Wichowski; Małgorzata Franus; Michał Mendryk; Joanna Fronczyk. Modification of Ordinary Concrete Using Fly Ash from Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge. Materials 2020, 13, 487 .
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Piotr Wichowski, Małgorzata Franus, Michał Mendryk, Joanna Fronczyk. Modification of Ordinary Concrete Using Fly Ash from Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge. Materials. 2020; 13 (2):487.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Piotr Wichowski; Małgorzata Franus; Michał Mendryk; Joanna Fronczyk. 2020. "Modification of Ordinary Concrete Using Fly Ash from Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge." Materials 13, no. 2: 487.
Piotr Paweł Wichowski; Gabriela Rutkowska; Norbert Kamiński; Yuliya Trach; Yuliia Trach. Analysis of Water Consumption in the Campus of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Years 2012-2016. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2019, 20, 193 -202.
AMA StylePiotr Paweł Wichowski, Gabriela Rutkowska, Norbert Kamiński, Yuliya Trach, Yuliia Trach. Analysis of Water Consumption in the Campus of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Years 2012-2016. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2019; 20 (5):193-202.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Paweł Wichowski; Gabriela Rutkowska; Norbert Kamiński; Yuliya Trach; Yuliia Trach. 2019. "Analysis of Water Consumption in the Campus of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Years 2012-2016." Journal of Ecological Engineering 20, no. 5: 193-202.
The aim of the performed investigations was to learn about an influence of addition of crushed glass waste on some selected technical properties of concrete. The glass powder or crushed glass was added during making of a concrete mix. In the studied range, the glass powder had a slight influence on the deterioration of compressive strength, whereas cullet had no effect on the compressive strength after 56 days of maturation. The addition of glass powder increases the bending strength, the addition of cullet maintains comparable bending strength in comparison to the reference concrete. The concretes obtained are F150 frost-resistant concretes.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Rafał Lipiński; Piotr Wichowski. Wpływ rozdrobnionych odpadów szklanych na wybrane właściwości betonów sporządzonych z ich udziałem. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 2018, 27, 463 -475.
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Rafał Lipiński, Piotr Wichowski. Wpływ rozdrobnionych odpadów szklanych na wybrane właściwości betonów sporządzonych z ich udziałem. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska. 2018; 27 (4):463-475.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Rafał Lipiński; Piotr Wichowski. 2018. "Wpływ rozdrobnionych odpadów szklanych na wybrane właściwości betonów sporządzonych z ich udziałem." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 27, no. 4: 463-475.
Application of fly ashes from combustion of municipal sewage sludge (FAMSS) in the concrete technology realizes assumptions concerning the European Union’s waste management proposal. This study investigates the influence that a partial replacement of the Portland cement by these ashes would exercise on the strength parameters of concrete if compared to a reference concrete and concretes containing conventional admixtures in their composition, such as siliceous and calcareous fly ashes. Potential environmental impact of FAMSS application was investigated through the determination of heavy metals leachability. Results conveyed that the concretes containing fly ashes from combustion of municipal sewage sludge improved strength parameters and frost resistance as well as satisfied the environmental requirements imposed on leaching of heavy metals.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Piotr Wichowski; Joanna Fronczyk; Małgorzata Franus; Marek Chalecki. Use of fly ashes from municipal sewage sludge combustion in production of ash concretes. Construction and Building Materials 2018, 188, 874 -883.
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Piotr Wichowski, Joanna Fronczyk, Małgorzata Franus, Marek Chalecki. Use of fly ashes from municipal sewage sludge combustion in production of ash concretes. Construction and Building Materials. 2018; 188 ():874-883.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Piotr Wichowski; Joanna Fronczyk; Małgorzata Franus; Marek Chalecki. 2018. "Use of fly ashes from municipal sewage sludge combustion in production of ash concretes." Construction and Building Materials 188, no. : 874-883.
The article compares the methodology for the calculation of water installations according to PN-/B-01706:1992 and PN-EN 806-3:2006. For typically equipped flat we obtain the design flow by about 16% higher using the European standard. In addition, design flow-rate calculation for multifamily buildings was compared with formulas administered in the literature and the results of own research. Measured flows are average two to three times lower than the value determined by computing standards. They are comparable or slightly higher than those determined according to the models reported in the literature.
Piotr Wichowski; Gabriela Rutkowska; Przemysław Sawiak. Analiza porównawcza wybranych metod stosowanych do obliczania instalacji wodociągowych. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 2017, 26, 373 -382.
AMA StylePiotr Wichowski, Gabriela Rutkowska, Przemysław Sawiak. Analiza porównawcza wybranych metod stosowanych do obliczania instalacji wodociągowych. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska. 2017; 26 (3):373-382.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Wichowski; Gabriela Rutkowska; Przemysław Sawiak. 2017. "Analiza porównawcza wybranych metod stosowanych do obliczania instalacji wodociągowych." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 26, no. 3: 373-382.
Piotr Wichowski; Piotr Nowak; Gabriela Rutkowska. Wymywanie wybranych metali ciężkich z betonów zawierających popiół z termicznego przekształcaniaosadów ściekowych. ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM - Architectura Budownictwo 2017, 16, 43 -51.
AMA StylePiotr Wichowski, Piotr Nowak, Gabriela Rutkowska. Wymywanie wybranych metali ciężkich z betonów zawierających popiół z termicznego przekształcaniaosadów ściekowych. ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM - Architectura Budownictwo. 2017; 16 (1):43-51.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Wichowski; Piotr Nowak; Gabriela Rutkowska. 2017. "Wymywanie wybranych metali ciężkich z betonów zawierających popiół z termicznego przekształcaniaosadów ściekowych." ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM - Architectura Budownictwo 16, no. 1: 43-51.
Influence of fly-ashes on properties of ordinary concretes. Care of the environment in accordance with the principles of sustainable development introduces the possibility and need for waste recycling. The construction and building materials industry has the greatest potential for reuse of waste. The article presents the results of investigations of selected properties (consistency, water absorbability, compressive strength and tensile strength after 28 and 56 days of curing, depth of penetration) of ordinary concretes and concretes containing fly-ashes - calcareous and siliceous ash − in their composition. To make the samples, the Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R and natural aggregate with graining of 0-16 mm were used. The concrete with siliceous and calcareous admixtures was made in three lots where the ash was added in the quantity of 15, 20 and 30% of the cement mass. After the tests, it was stated that the fly-ash admixture does not increase the air content in the mix, it increases the compressive strength in time and the siliceous ash improves the splitting tensile strength.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Krzysztof Wiśniewski; Marek Chalecki; Mirosława Górecka; Kamil Miłosek. Influence of fly-ashes on properties of ordinary concretes. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation 2016, 48, 79 -94.
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Krzysztof Wiśniewski, Marek Chalecki, Mirosława Górecka, Kamil Miłosek. Influence of fly-ashes on properties of ordinary concretes. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation. 2016; 48 (1):79-94.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Krzysztof Wiśniewski; Marek Chalecki; Mirosława Górecka; Kamil Miłosek. 2016. "Influence of fly-ashes on properties of ordinary concretes." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation 48, no. 1: 79-94.
Care of the environment in accordance with the principles of sustainable development introduces the possibility and need for waste recycling. Construction and building industries have the greatest potential for reuse of waste. The article presents the results of investigations of cement mortars...
Gabriela Rutkowska; Marek Chalecki; Piotr Wichowski; Joanna Żwirska; Bartosz Barszcz. INFLUENCE OF SILICEOUS AND CALCAREOUS FLY-ASHES ON PROPERTIES OF CEMENT MORTARS. Journal of Ecological Engineering 2016, 17, 280 -288.
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Marek Chalecki, Piotr Wichowski, Joanna Żwirska, Bartosz Barszcz. INFLUENCE OF SILICEOUS AND CALCAREOUS FLY-ASHES ON PROPERTIES OF CEMENT MORTARS. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 2016; 17 (4):280-288.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Marek Chalecki; Piotr Wichowski; Joanna Żwirska; Bartosz Barszcz. 2016. "INFLUENCE OF SILICEOUS AND CALCAREOUS FLY-ASHES ON PROPERTIES OF CEMENT MORTARS." Journal of Ecological Engineering 17, no. 4: 280-288.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Michał Iwaszko. EFFECT OF FLY ASH FROM THE INCINERATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ON THE STRENGTH AND FROST RESISTANCE OF FINE-GRAINED CONCRETE. Inżynieria Ekologiczna 2015, 59 -67.
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Michał Iwaszko. EFFECT OF FLY ASH FROM THE INCINERATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ON THE STRENGTH AND FROST RESISTANCE OF FINE-GRAINED CONCRETE. Inżynieria Ekologiczna. 2015; (45):59-67.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Michał Iwaszko. 2015. "EFFECT OF FLY ASH FROM THE INCINERATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ON THE STRENGTH AND FROST RESISTANCE OF FINE-GRAINED CONCRETE." Inżynieria Ekologiczna , no. 45: 59-67.
Marcin Piątek; Gabriela Rutkowska; Piotr Wichowski. Analiza wpływu wybranych nośników energii na koszty ogrzewania obiektu agroturystycznego oraz emisję szkodliwych substancji do atmosfery. Europa Regionum 2015, 24, 299 -310.
AMA StyleMarcin Piątek, Gabriela Rutkowska, Piotr Wichowski. Analiza wpływu wybranych nośników energii na koszty ogrzewania obiektu agroturystycznego oraz emisję szkodliwych substancji do atmosfery. Europa Regionum. 2015; 24 ():299-310.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcin Piątek; Gabriela Rutkowska; Piotr Wichowski. 2015. "Analiza wpływu wybranych nośników energii na koszty ogrzewania obiektu agroturystycznego oraz emisję szkodliwych substancji do atmosfery." Europa Regionum 24, no. : 299-310.
Gabriela Rutkowska; Marek Srok; Piotr Wichowski; Jacek Witkowski. Analiza możliwości wykorzystania pomp ciepła dla budynku mieszkalnego zlokalizowanego w Euroregionie Beskidy. Europa Regionum 2015, 23, 223 -230.
AMA StyleGabriela Rutkowska, Marek Srok, Piotr Wichowski, Jacek Witkowski. Analiza możliwości wykorzystania pomp ciepła dla budynku mieszkalnego zlokalizowanego w Euroregionie Beskidy. Europa Regionum. 2015; 23 ():223-230.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriela Rutkowska; Marek Srok; Piotr Wichowski; Jacek Witkowski. 2015. "Analiza możliwości wykorzystania pomp ciepła dla budynku mieszkalnego zlokalizowanego w Euroregionie Beskidy." Europa Regionum 23, no. : 223-230.