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Prof. Mohammed Alzawqari
Visitiong Prof. at Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 333516, Egypt

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0 Antioxidants
0 Immunity
0 Poultry Science
0 Poultry Nutriton
0 Promoters Feed Additives

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Short Biography

I'm an associate prof. in Poultry Nutrition and A Head of Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agricultur and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen, right now I'm as Visiting professor at poultry production development, faculty of Agriculture, kafralshikh university, Egypt.

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Journal article
Published: 29 July 2021 in Animals
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The current study focused exclusively on evaluating the effects of replacing corn with olive cake meal (OCM) in the diet of broilers on their growth performance, abdominal fat, selected plasma parameters, and muscle fatty acid (FA) content. A total of 480 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were divided into four treatment groups with 12 replicates/treatment. The control group was fed the base diet, whereas the second to fourth groups were fed diets of corn with 5%, 10%, and 20% contents of OCM, respectively. Broilers fed with the 5% and 10% OCM diets showed better body weight (p = 0.04) and feed conversion ratio than the 20% OCM group (p< 0.048). Both nitrogen retention and ether extract digestibility were not improved by replaced corn with OCM. Replacing corn with OCM led to a decreased abdominal fat percentage (p = 0.023) compared with the control group. Birds in the OCM groups showed the lowest total cholesterol values (p = 0.038). The breast muscle (musculus pectoralis superficialis) content of oleic and linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids was significantly high in birds fed with OCM diets. However, their palmitic acid level was significantly decreased. Vitamin E was increased by increasing the OCM level. Thus, we concluded that replacing corn with OCM, especially at a 10% level, is more effective than other replacement levels in improving growth performance, plasma lipid profile, and muscle FA content, as well as in causing a reduction in abdominal fat in broilers.

ACS Style

Ahmed Saleh; Mohammed Alzawqari. Effects of Replacing Yellow Corn with Olive Cake Meal on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipid Profile, and Muscle Fatty Acid Content in Broilers. Animals 2021, 11, 2240 .

AMA Style

Ahmed Saleh, Mohammed Alzawqari. Effects of Replacing Yellow Corn with Olive Cake Meal on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipid Profile, and Muscle Fatty Acid Content in Broilers. Animals. 2021; 11 (8):2240.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Saleh; Mohammed Alzawqari. 2021. "Effects of Replacing Yellow Corn with Olive Cake Meal on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipid Profile, and Muscle Fatty Acid Content in Broilers." Animals 11, no. 8: 2240.

Journal article
Published: 18 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Natural and chemical colorants are attracting a lot of attention as sustainable feed additives due to their effect on food color and because presentation matters to consumers. Color also is a major sensory factor that helps consumers determine food quality and its possible health benefits. For example, highly colored egg yolks can only come from healthy laying hens fed a well-balanced, nutrient-rich diet. Consumers associate an intense yolk color with healthy, nutrient-rich food. There is a growing market request for eggs with rich yolk coloring. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the impact of natural (paprika) and chemical (carmoisine) colorant supplementation on the performance, egg-quality characteristics, yolk fatty-acid profile, and blood constituents in laying hens. A total of 240 Bovans laying hens were randomly distributed in a completely randomized design in four treatments according to four experimental diets: a control diet (without supplementation of any colorants), a control diet supplemented with 4 kg/ton paprika, a control diet supplemented with 150 g carmoisine/ton, and a control diet supplemented with a combination of 4 kg/ton paprika plus 150 g carmoisine/ton, fed from 42 to 54 weeks of age. Each treatment consisted of 10 replications with six hens. Dietary inclusion of paprika colorant improved (p < 0.05) the feed-conversion ratio and egg-production rate, while final body weight, weight change, feed intake, and egg weight and mass were not affected. The degrees of egg yolk and white were increased (p < 0.05) by the dietary supplements. Yolk color and shell thickness were enhanced (p < 0.05) by adding paprika and/or carmoisine colorants. Supplementation of the paprika colorant alone or in combination with carmoisine increased (p < 0.05) linolenic acid, oleic acid, and vitamin E concentrations in egg yolks. In contrast, egg yolk palmitic acid and liver malondialdehyde contents were decreased (p < 0.05). Paprika and carmoisine colorants and their combination improved (p < 0.05) blood lipid profile in treated hens. We concluded that the dietary supplementation of natural (paprika) colorants has an influential role in improving egg yolk color, production performance, and egg yolk fatty-acid profile in laying hens.

ACS Style

Ahmed A. Saleh; Esraa Gawish; Samy F. Mahmoud; Khairy Amber; Wael Awad; Mohammed H. Alzawqari; Mustafa Shukry; Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim. Effect of Natural and Chemical Colorant Supplementation on Performance, Egg-Quality Characteristics, Yolk Fatty-Acid Profile, and Blood Constituents in Laying Hens. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4503 .

AMA Style

Ahmed A. Saleh, Esraa Gawish, Samy F. Mahmoud, Khairy Amber, Wael Awad, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Mustafa Shukry, Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim. Effect of Natural and Chemical Colorant Supplementation on Performance, Egg-Quality Characteristics, Yolk Fatty-Acid Profile, and Blood Constituents in Laying Hens. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4503.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed A. Saleh; Esraa Gawish; Samy F. Mahmoud; Khairy Amber; Wael Awad; Mohammed H. Alzawqari; Mustafa Shukry; Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim. 2021. "Effect of Natural and Chemical Colorant Supplementation on Performance, Egg-Quality Characteristics, Yolk Fatty-Acid Profile, and Blood Constituents in Laying Hens." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4503.

Journal article
Published: 23 March 2021 in Sustainability
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The practical usage of untraditional feedstuffs such as sunflower meal (SFM) in laying hens nutrition in developing countries has received considerable attention. SFM is a by-product of the sunflower oil industry and has been progressively added to bird’s diets. Sunflower meal (SFM) is gaining great interest as a feed ingredient due to its eminent crude protein content, low anti-nutritional compounds, and low price. The current experiment was aimed to assess the production efficiency, egg quality, yolk fatty acids composition, and nutrient digestibility of laying hens fed SFM. A total of 162 Bovans Brown laying hens aged 60 weeks old were randomly allocated using a completely randomized design into three experimental groups of nine replicates each (n = six/replicate) for eight weeks. The dietary treatments involved a control (basal diet) and two levels of SFM, 50 and 100 g/kg feed. The dietary treatments did not influence live weight gain, feed intake, and egg mass. On one hand, the laying rate was increased; on the other hand, the feed conversion ratio and broken eggs rate of laying hens were decreased (p < 0.05) by the dietary inclusion of SFM. Dietary treatments had no effect on the egg’s quality characteristics except the yolk color and yolk height were larger (p = 0.01) for laying hens fed SFM compared with those fed the control. Dietary inclusion of SFM decreased (p < 0.05) the content of cholesterol in the egg yolk. Still, it increased the yolk contents of vitamin E, calcium, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and oleic acid (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the dietary inclusion of SFM increased crude protein and calcium digestibility, but decreased the ether extract digestibility. In conclusion, our results suggested that the dietary inclusion of SFM, up to 100 g/kg at a late phase of laying, could improve the production performance, some of the egg quality traits, and nutrient digestibility while decreasing egg yolk cholesterol.

ACS Style

Ahmed Saleh; Ahmed El-Awady; Khairy Amber; Yahya Eid; Mohammed Alzawqari; Shaimaa Selim; Mohamed Soliman; Mustafa Shukry. Effects of Sunflower Meal Supplementation as a Complementary Protein Source in the Laying Hen’s Diet on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3557 .

AMA Style

Ahmed Saleh, Ahmed El-Awady, Khairy Amber, Yahya Eid, Mohammed Alzawqari, Shaimaa Selim, Mohamed Soliman, Mustafa Shukry. Effects of Sunflower Meal Supplementation as a Complementary Protein Source in the Laying Hen’s Diet on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3557.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Saleh; Ahmed El-Awady; Khairy Amber; Yahya Eid; Mohammed Alzawqari; Shaimaa Selim; Mohamed Soliman; Mustafa Shukry. 2021. "Effects of Sunflower Meal Supplementation as a Complementary Protein Source in the Laying Hen’s Diet on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3557.

Journal article
Published: 23 February 2021 in Agriculture
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This study evaluates low protein diets with amino acid supplement on growth, biochemical markers and muscle amino acids profile in broilers under high ambient temperature. A total of 480 one-day-old chicks were allocated into three treatments with four replicates (n = 40). Control fed optimal protein and optimal amino acids which contains 23% and 21% crude protein (CP) with 65% methionine + cysteine/ lysine (Met + Cys/Lys) and 55% threonine/lysine (Thr/Lys), LPOA (low protein and optimal amino acids) which contains 21% and 19% CP with 65% Met + Cys/Lys and 55% Thr/Lys and 3. LPHA (low protein and high amino acids) which contains 21 and 19% CP with 74% Met + Cys/Lys and 67% Thr/Lys, respectively during the summer months (The temperatures 32 ± 3 °C, and the relative humidity 72.5% ± 4). Birds fed LPOA diets significantly highest body weight, while those fed LPHA recorded significantly the lowest body weight (BW). Dressing percentages not revealed significantly affected by reducing dietary protein levels, while the blood plasma total protein, albumin, and globulin were not significant differences due to dietary low protein. Chicks fed LPHA diets recorded the highest liver content of malonaldehyde. It could be concluded that feeding the Cobb 500 broilers on low protein diets with the same amino acid levels had no adverse effect on growth, carcass markers, and liver function, however increased amino acids levels to low protein diets may led negative impacts for the broiler performance under high ambient temperature.

ACS Style

Ahmed Saleh; Khairy Amber; Mohamed Soliman; Mahmoud Soliman; Wael Morsy; Mustafa Shukry; Mohammed Alzawqari. Effect of Low Protein Diets with Amino Acids Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Parameters and Muscle Amino Acids Profile in Broiler Chickens under High Ambient Temperature. Agriculture 2021, 11, 185 .

AMA Style

Ahmed Saleh, Khairy Amber, Mohamed Soliman, Mahmoud Soliman, Wael Morsy, Mustafa Shukry, Mohammed Alzawqari. Effect of Low Protein Diets with Amino Acids Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Parameters and Muscle Amino Acids Profile in Broiler Chickens under High Ambient Temperature. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (2):185.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Saleh; Khairy Amber; Mohamed Soliman; Mahmoud Soliman; Wael Morsy; Mustafa Shukry; Mohammed Alzawqari. 2021. "Effect of Low Protein Diets with Amino Acids Supplementation on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Parameters and Muscle Amino Acids Profile in Broiler Chickens under High Ambient Temperature." Agriculture 11, no. 2: 185.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2021 in Animals
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Catalytic and physicochemical properties of microbial phytase sources may differ, affecting phosphorus (P) release and subsequently the productive and reproductive performance of layers. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of bacterial and fungal phytase sources on layer productivity, egg production, biochemical blood indices, and reproductive morphology. For this purpose, 360 Bovans brown hens at 42 weeks of age were randomly allocated into 4 experimental groups, each with 15 replicates of 6 hens. The first group (control) was fed a basal diet with 4.6 g/kg available P. In contrast, the second, third, and fourth groups were fed diets treated with 3.2 g/kg available P, supplemented with either 5000 FTU/kg of bacterial E. coli (QuantumTM Blue 5G), fungal Aspergillus niger (VemoZyme® F 5000 Naturally Thermostable Phytase (NTP)), or fungal Trichodermareesei (Yemzim® FZ100). Dietary supplementation of bacterial and fungal phytases did not affect the productive performance or egg quality criteria, except for increased shell weight and thickness (p < 0.05). Serum hepatic function biomarkers and lipid profiles were not altered in treated hens, while calcium and P levels were increased (p < 0.05) related to the controls. Ovary index and length, and relative weight of oviduct and its segments were not influenced. The contents of cholesterol and malondialdehyde in the yolks from treated birds were lower compared to control hens, while calcium and P content increased (p < 0.05). Conclusively, bacterial and fungal phytase sources can compensate for the reduction of available P in layers’ diets and enhance shell and yolk quality without affecting productive performance, and no differences among them were noticed.

ACS Style

Ahmed A. Saleh; Mohammed Elsawee; Mohamed M. Soliman; Reyad Y. N. Elkon; Mohammed H. Alzawqari; Mustafa Shukry; Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim; Hatem Eltahan. Effect of Bacterial or Fungal Phytase Supplementation on the Performance, Egg Quality, Plasma Biochemical Parameters, and Reproductive Morphology of Laying Hens. Animals 2021, 11, 540 .

AMA Style

Ahmed A. Saleh, Mohammed Elsawee, Mohamed M. Soliman, Reyad Y. N. Elkon, Mohammed H. Alzawqari, Mustafa Shukry, Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim, Hatem Eltahan. Effect of Bacterial or Fungal Phytase Supplementation on the Performance, Egg Quality, Plasma Biochemical Parameters, and Reproductive Morphology of Laying Hens. Animals. 2021; 11 (2):540.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed A. Saleh; Mohammed Elsawee; Mohamed M. Soliman; Reyad Y. N. Elkon; Mohammed H. Alzawqari; Mustafa Shukry; Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim; Hatem Eltahan. 2021. "Effect of Bacterial or Fungal Phytase Supplementation on the Performance, Egg Quality, Plasma Biochemical Parameters, and Reproductive Morphology of Laying Hens." Animals 11, no. 2: 540.

Original article
Published: 01 August 2020 in Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal
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Objective: The prime objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding low energy diets and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) enzymes on some growth- and carcass-related parameters in broilers. Methods: A total of 240 chicks (1 day of age) were randomly allocated to two groups, each comprising 6 replicates of 20 chicks. The birds were fed two diets, optimum control (23, 21 and 19% CP by 3000, 3040, 3140 kcal/kg of diets without NSP enzymes supplementation) and low ME (23, 21 and 19% CP by lowering 60 kcal/kg from each optimum ME level plus 100g/ton of NSP enzymes supplementation) during starter, grower and finisher periods, respectively. Results: Compared to the control treatment, no significant difference (p < /em> > 0.05) in body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio was observed with the low ME diet with NSP enzymes supplemented. Also, dietary low ME with NPS enzymes supplementation did not affect carcass, breast, and thigh muscles (p < /em> > 0.05). Nevertheless, the NSP enzymes supplementation to low ME broilers diets did not decrease the total cholesterol and triglyceride plasma concentration. Furthermore, neither aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase glucose, total protein nor albumin were significantly changed. Conclusion: The supplementation of NSP enzymes is needed to support the performance and physiological activities of the broilers when fed the dietary low energy diets. However, no adverse effect such as lower lipid profile was observed when NSP enzymes supplementation with low ME diets were simultaneously applied in this study.

ACS Style

Ahmed Saleh; El-Sayed Torky; Eslam Ellban; Ahmed Mohmoud; Ibrahim Fawzi Omer; Ahmed Abd-Elatty; Ismail El-Alfy; Mohammed Alzawqari. Effect of feeding low energy diets with non-starch polysaccharides enzymes on growth performance and some physiological indices in broilers. Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal 2020, 18, 22 -27.

AMA Style

Ahmed Saleh, El-Sayed Torky, Eslam Ellban, Ahmed Mohmoud, Ibrahim Fawzi Omer, Ahmed Abd-Elatty, Ismail El-Alfy, Mohammed Alzawqari. Effect of feeding low energy diets with non-starch polysaccharides enzymes on growth performance and some physiological indices in broilers. Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal. 2020; 18 (1):22-27.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Saleh; El-Sayed Torky; Eslam Ellban; Ahmed Mohmoud; Ibrahim Fawzi Omer; Ahmed Abd-Elatty; Ismail El-Alfy; Mohammed Alzawqari. 2020. "Effect of feeding low energy diets with non-starch polysaccharides enzymes on growth performance and some physiological indices in broilers." Kafrelsheikh Veterinary Medical Journal 18, no. 1: 22-27.

Journal article
Published: 09 December 2016 in South African Journal of Animal Science
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ACS Style

M.H. Alzawqari; H.H. Al-Baadani; I.B. Alhidary; A.N. Al-Owaimer; A.M. Abudabos. Effect of taurine and bile acid supplementation and their interaction on performance, serum components, ileal viscosity and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science 2016, 46, 448 .

AMA Style

M.H. Alzawqari, H.H. Al-Baadani, I.B. Alhidary, A.N. Al-Owaimer, A.M. Abudabos. Effect of taurine and bile acid supplementation and their interaction on performance, serum components, ileal viscosity and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science. 2016; 46 (4):448.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.H. Alzawqari; H.H. Al-Baadani; I.B. Alhidary; A.N. Al-Owaimer; A.M. Abudabos. 2016. "Effect of taurine and bile acid supplementation and their interaction on performance, serum components, ileal viscosity and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens." South African Journal of Animal Science 46, no. 4: 448.

Journal article
Published: 14 June 2016 in South African Journal of Animal Science
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The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of probiotics, prebiotics and their combination on intestinal histological changes in broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens. Two hundred and forty newly hatched male broilers (Ross 308) were equally distributed into six treatments: negative control group: unsupplemented unchallenged birds; positive control group: unsupplemented challenged birds; neoxyval-fed group: 0.5 g/kg diet (antibiotic) challenged birds; GalliPro-fed group: 0.6 g/kg diet (probiotic), challenged birds; TechnoMos-fed group: 0.75 g/kg diet (prebiotic), challenged birds; and synbiotic-fed group: birds challenged by C. Perfringens (4 x 108 CFU /mL). At 35 days old, samples from the ileum and jejunum were collected for histological measurements (height, width and villus surface area), and histopathological changes were assessed. The results showed that the length and surface area of villi in the ileum and jejunum were lower in the positive control, whereas length and surface area of villi in the ileum and jejunum of all feed additive treatments were higher, compared with the positive control and antibiotics. Necrotic enteritis (NE) development was evident in the positive control group. Signs of necrosis of the mucosal membranes, haemorrhage and fibrosis with depletions of gut associated lymph follicle (GALF) in submucosal layer were very clear. Pathological changes improved in all feed additives, except for the antibiotics. These results indicated that alternatives to antibiotics could be used to improve the length and surface area of a villus and the health of the animal by suppressing C. perfringens.Keywords: Broiler chickens, Clostridium perfringens, histomorphometric and histopathology changes

ACS Style

Hh Al-Baadani; Am Abudabos; Si Al-Mufarrej; M Alzawqari. Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on intestinal histological changes in challenged broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science 2016, 46, 157 .

AMA Style

Hh Al-Baadani, Am Abudabos, Si Al-Mufarrej, M Alzawqari. Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on intestinal histological changes in challenged broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science. 2016; 46 (2):157.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hh Al-Baadani; Am Abudabos; Si Al-Mufarrej; M Alzawqari. 2016. "Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on intestinal histological changes in challenged broiler chickens." South African Journal of Animal Science 46, no. 2: 157.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2016 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The current experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding dried sweet orange peel (SOP) and lemon grass leaves (LGL) as feed additives on broiler growth performance, serum metabolites, and antioxidant status. A total of 192-day-old (Ross 308) broiler chickens were distributed randomly into 4 dietary treatments with 4 replicates per each treatment. The dietary treatments included a control diet without any feed additive (T1), a diet containing 0.8 % SOP (T2), a diet containing 0.8 % LGL (T3), and a diet containing combination of 0.4 % SOP + 0.4 % LGL (T4) was fed during the growth period from 22 to 42 days. Feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass traits, serum components, and antioxidant status were measured. At the end of the experimental period, the results indicated that supplementation of SOP and LGL alone or in combination did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect BWG, FI, FCR, and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens. Serum total protein was increased significantly (P < 0.05) in T3 and T4 compared to the other treatments. Also, serum globulin increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the treated groups. Serum glucose, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and very low density lipoprotein decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the treatment groups, while cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein decreased in T2 compared to the other groups. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher total antioxidant status was observed in T2 compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, these results indicate that SOP, LGL, and their combination may positively modify some serum components and the antioxidant status without any beneficial effect on growth performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens.

ACS Style

Mohammed Alzawqari; A. A. Al-Baddany; H. H. Al-Baadani; I. A. Alhidary; Rifat Ullah Khan; G. M. Aqil; A. Abdurab. Effect of feeding dried sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) leaves on growth performance, carcass traits, serum metabolites and antioxidant status in broiler during the finisher phase. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2016, 23, 17077 -17082.

AMA Style

Mohammed Alzawqari, A. A. Al-Baddany, H. H. Al-Baadani, I. A. Alhidary, Rifat Ullah Khan, G. M. Aqil, A. Abdurab. Effect of feeding dried sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) leaves on growth performance, carcass traits, serum metabolites and antioxidant status in broiler during the finisher phase. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2016; 23 (17):17077-17082.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Alzawqari; A. A. Al-Baddany; H. H. Al-Baadani; I. A. Alhidary; Rifat Ullah Khan; G. M. Aqil; A. Abdurab. 2016. "Effect of feeding dried sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) peel and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) leaves on growth performance, carcass traits, serum metabolites and antioxidant status in broiler during the finisher phase." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23, no. 17: 17077-17082.

Original articles
Published: 21 June 2011 in Journal of Applied Animal Research
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An experiment was conducted to study the effects of different dietary levels of desiccated ox bile on the performance, fat digestibility, gut morphology and blood variables of broiler chickens fed tallow diet. One hundred and fifty one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were equally distributed into three treatments (with five replicates each) in a completely randomised design. Desiccated ox bile was added to the experimental diets during starter (7–21 day) and grower (22–42 day) periods (0.00, 0.25 and 0.50% of diet). During the experiment, the measured parameters were average body weight gain, average feed intake, average feed conversion ratio, gut morphology, serum cholesterol (Chol), triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. During the grower and overall periods, ABWG and AFCR were significantly improved (p<0.05). Dietary supplementation of desiccated ox bile in the diet resulted in significant (p<0.05) linear increase in fat digestibility ranged from 51% (0.00% desiccated ox bile in the diet) to 84% (0.50% desiccated ox bile in the diet). Dietary desiccated ox bile supplementation increased (p<0.05) villus height, crypt depth, villus width and villus apparent surface area in the jejunum and ileum. The results of this study indicated that dietary desiccated ox bile can be used as a natural non-nutrient additive to improve broiler performance and tallow digestibility in broiler chickens at least by stimulation of morphological maturation of gastrointestinal tract.

ACS Style

Mohammed Alzawqari; Hassan Nassiri Moghaddam; Hassan Kermanshahi; Ahmadreza Raji. The effect of desiccated ox bile supplementation on performance, fat digestibility, gut morphology and blood chemistry of broiler chickens fed tallow diets. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2011, 39, 169 -174.

AMA Style

Mohammed Alzawqari, Hassan Nassiri Moghaddam, Hassan Kermanshahi, Ahmadreza Raji. The effect of desiccated ox bile supplementation on performance, fat digestibility, gut morphology and blood chemistry of broiler chickens fed tallow diets. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2011; 39 (2):169-174.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammed Alzawqari; Hassan Nassiri Moghaddam; Hassan Kermanshahi; Ahmadreza Raji. 2011. "The effect of desiccated ox bile supplementation on performance, fat digestibility, gut morphology and blood chemistry of broiler chickens fed tallow diets." Journal of Applied Animal Research 39, no. 2: 169-174.