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In high-speed fluid dynamics, base pressure controls find many engineering applications, such as in the automobile and defense industries. Several studies have been reported on flow control with sudden expansion duct. Passive control was found to be more beneficial in the last four decades and is used in devices such as cavities, ribs, aerospikes, etc., but these need additional control mechanics and objects to control the flow. Therefore, in the last two decades, the active control method has been used via a microjet controller at the base region of the suddenly expanded duct of the convergent–divergent (CD) nozzle to control the flow, which was found to be a cost-efficient and energy-saving method. Hence, in this paper, a systemic literature review is conducted to investigate the research gap by reviewing the exhaustive work on the active control of high-speed aerodynamic flows from the nozzle as the major focus. Additionally, a basic idea about the nozzle and its configuration is discussed, and the passive control method for the control of flow, jet and noise are represented in order to investigate the existing contributions in supersonic speed applications. A critical review of the last two decades considering the challenges and limitations in this field is expressed. As a contribution, some major and minor gaps are introduced, and we plot the research trends in this field. As a result, this review can serve as guidance and an opportunity for scholars who want to use an active control approach via microjets for supersonic flow problems.
Abdul Aabid; Sher Khan; Muneer Baig. A Critical Review of Supersonic Flow Control for High-Speed Applications. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6899 .
AMA StyleAbdul Aabid, Sher Khan, Muneer Baig. A Critical Review of Supersonic Flow Control for High-Speed Applications. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (15):6899.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Aabid; Sher Khan; Muneer Baig. 2021. "A Critical Review of Supersonic Flow Control for High-Speed Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15: 6899.
The temperature effects on the microstructural evolution of a coarse-grained Al5083 alloy during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), were studied at ambient and high temperatures. The microstructural evaluation was done using an EBSD (electron backscattering diffraction) process. The grain refinement occurred as the number of passes increased, which had a positive effect on its strength. Additionally, increasing the pressing temperature leads to a decrease in the new grain’s formation and an increase in the normal grain size in the third pass. This can be ascribed to the unwinding of strain similarity between the grains because of the continuous activity of dynamic recuperation and the grain limit sliding occurring at a higher temperature. The attainment of grain refinement is examined exhaustively in this study.
Muneer Baig; Asiful Seikh; Ateekh Rehman; Jabair Mohammed; Faraz Hashmi; Sameh Ragab. Microstructure Evaluation Study of Al5083 Alloy Using EBSD Technique after Processing with Different ECAP Processes and Temperatures. Crystals 2021, 11, 862 .
AMA StyleMuneer Baig, Asiful Seikh, Ateekh Rehman, Jabair Mohammed, Faraz Hashmi, Sameh Ragab. Microstructure Evaluation Study of Al5083 Alloy Using EBSD Technique after Processing with Different ECAP Processes and Temperatures. Crystals. 2021; 11 (8):862.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuneer Baig; Asiful Seikh; Ateekh Rehman; Jabair Mohammed; Faraz Hashmi; Sameh Ragab. 2021. "Microstructure Evaluation Study of Al5083 Alloy Using EBSD Technique after Processing with Different ECAP Processes and Temperatures." Crystals 11, no. 8: 862.
Base pressure is a crucial component in the measurement of flow parameters in a high-speed aerodynamic flow. In this paper, the microjets impact as a control mechanism is experimentally tested for the nozzles with abrupt expansion at supersonic Mach in an axisymmetric conduit. The flow regulation mechanism is placed at a 90-degree interval in the shape of an orifice of 0.5 mm in radius along the nozzle’s exit diameter, which generates jets at sonic Mach numbers. The flow constraints studied are inertia level (Mach number), expansion level (NPR), and the geometric parameters considered are the pipe’s length (L/D). These three relevant parameters were selected for design of experiments (DOE). In the management of base pressure, this analysis’s primary objective is to evaluate the parameters influencing the flow. The experiments were carried out in two ways: without and with microjets. For the DOE, an L27 orthogonal series, polynomial expression, analysis of variance, and predicted plots were carried out to test the experimental findings. The established prototypes are statistically appropriate and achieved when making precise projections for all the cases. According to the present results, the L/D ratio for a given parameter is the most critical parameter influencing the maximum increase or decrease in the base pressure.
Turki Al-Khalifah; Abdul Aabid; Sher Afghan Khan; Muhammad Hanafi Bin Azami; Muneer Baig. Response surface analysis of nozzle parameters at supersonic flow through microjets. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2021, 1 -16.
AMA StyleTurki Al-Khalifah, Abdul Aabid, Sher Afghan Khan, Muhammad Hanafi Bin Azami, Muneer Baig. Response surface analysis of nozzle parameters at supersonic flow through microjets. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2021; ():1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTurki Al-Khalifah; Abdul Aabid; Sher Afghan Khan; Muhammad Hanafi Bin Azami; Muneer Baig. 2021. "Response surface analysis of nozzle parameters at supersonic flow through microjets." Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering , no. : 1-16.
In this investigation, the focus is on improving the quality of the Al 5083 alloy by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) innovation. Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is one of the best technologies for converting macro grain into ultra-fine-grained structure. Grain structure which is finer increases the strength of the material. In this work, a severe plastic deformation using equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to 3 passes was given on Al5083 alloy using path BC at room temperature. The evolution of the microstructure was studied using an optical microscope. Tensile studies were also done. Both hardness (Vickers) and tensile strength rises as the number of passes increases; however, the ductility or the percentage of elongation increases. It can be said that the final product of this aforementioned alloy after ECAPed processing is considered to be suitable for various applications in which higher strength is required.
Muneer Baig; Ateekh Rehman; Jabair Mohammed; Asiful Seikh. Effect of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al5083 Alloy Processed by ECAP at Room Temperature and High Temperature. Crystals 2021, 11, 683 .
AMA StyleMuneer Baig, Ateekh Rehman, Jabair Mohammed, Asiful Seikh. Effect of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al5083 Alloy Processed by ECAP at Room Temperature and High Temperature. Crystals. 2021; 11 (6):683.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuneer Baig; Ateekh Rehman; Jabair Mohammed; Asiful Seikh. 2021. "Effect of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al5083 Alloy Processed by ECAP at Room Temperature and High Temperature." Crystals 11, no. 6: 683.
Lightweight composite materials have recently been recognized as appropriate materials have been adopted in many industrial applications because of their versatility. The present research recognizes the inclusion of ceramics such as Gr and B4C in manufacturing AMMCs through stir casting. Prepared composites were tested for hardness and wear behaviour. The tests’ findings revealed that the reinforced matrix was harder (60%) than the un-reinforced alloy because of the increased ceramic phase. The rising content of B4C and Gr particles led to continuous improvements in wear resistance. The microstructure and worn surface were observed through SEM (Scanning electron microscope) and revealed the formation of mechanically mixed layers of both B4C and Gr, which served as the effective insulation surface and protected the test sample surface from the steel disc. With the rise in the content of B4C and Gr, the weight loss declined, and significant wear resistance was achieved at 15 wt.% B4C and 10 wt.% Gr. A response surface analysis for the weight loss was carried out to obtain the optimal objective function. Artificial neural network methodology was adopted to identify the significance of the experimental results and the importance of the wear parameters. The error between the experimental and ANN results was found to be within 1%.
Ballupete Sharath; Channarayapattana Venkatesh; Asif Afzal; Navid Aslfattahi; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Bahaa Saleh. Multi Ceramic Particles Inclusion in the Aluminium Matrix and Wear Characterization through Experimental and Response Surface-Artificial Neural Networks. Materials 2021, 14, 2895 .
AMA StyleBallupete Sharath, Channarayapattana Venkatesh, Asif Afzal, Navid Aslfattahi, Abdul Aabid, Muneer Baig, Bahaa Saleh. Multi Ceramic Particles Inclusion in the Aluminium Matrix and Wear Characterization through Experimental and Response Surface-Artificial Neural Networks. Materials. 2021; 14 (11):2895.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBallupete Sharath; Channarayapattana Venkatesh; Asif Afzal; Navid Aslfattahi; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Bahaa Saleh. 2021. "Multi Ceramic Particles Inclusion in the Aluminium Matrix and Wear Characterization through Experimental and Response Surface-Artificial Neural Networks." Materials 14, no. 11: 2895.
A lightweight, highly corrosive resistant, and high-strength wrought alloy in the aluminum family is the Aluminium 8006 alloy. The AA8006 alloy can be formed, welded, and adhesively bonded. However, the recommended welding methods such as laser, TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas welding), and ultrasonic are more costly. This investigation aims to reduce the cost of welding without compromising joint quality by means of friction stir welding. The aluminum alloy-friendly reinforcement agent zirconia is utilized as particles during the weld to improve the performance of the newly identified material AA8006 alloy in friction stir welding (FSW). The objectives of this research are to identify the level of process parameters for the friction stir welding of AA8006 to reduce the variability by the trial-and-error experimental method, thereby reducing the number of samples needing to be characterized to optimize the process parameters. To enhance the quality of the weld, the friction stir processing concept will be adapted with zirconia reinforcement during welding. The friction stir-processed samples were investigated regarding their mechanical properties such as tensile strength and Vickers microhardness. The welded samples were included in the corrosion testing to ensure that no foreign corrosive elements were included during the welding. The quality of the weld was investigated in terms of its surface morphology, including aspects such as the dispersion of reinforced particles on the welded area, the incorporation of foreign elements during the weld, micro defects or damage, and other notable changes through scanning electron microscopy analysis. The process of 3D profilometry was employed to perform optical microscopy investigation on the specimens inspected to ensure their surface quality and finish. Based on the outcomes, the optimal process parameters are suggested. Future directions for further investigation are highlighted.
Thanikodi Sathish; Abdul Kaladgi; V. Mohanavel; K. Arul; Asif Afzal; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Bahaa Saleh. Experimental Investigation of the Friction Stir Weldability of AA8006 with Zirconia Particle Reinforcement and Optimized Process Parameters. Materials 2021, 14, 2782 .
AMA StyleThanikodi Sathish, Abdul Kaladgi, V. Mohanavel, K. Arul, Asif Afzal, Abdul Aabid, Muneer Baig, Bahaa Saleh. Experimental Investigation of the Friction Stir Weldability of AA8006 with Zirconia Particle Reinforcement and Optimized Process Parameters. Materials. 2021; 14 (11):2782.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThanikodi Sathish; Abdul Kaladgi; V. Mohanavel; K. Arul; Asif Afzal; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Bahaa Saleh. 2021. "Experimental Investigation of the Friction Stir Weldability of AA8006 with Zirconia Particle Reinforcement and Optimized Process Parameters." Materials 14, no. 11: 2782.
The current study explores the effects of geometrical shapes of the infills on the 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) plastic on the tensile properties. For this purpose, by utilizing an accessible supply desktop printer, specimens of diamond, rectangular, and hexagonal infill patterns were produced using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique. Additionally, solid samples were printed for comparison. The printed tensile test specimens were conducted at environmental temperature, Ta of 23 °C and crosshead speed, VC.H of 5 mm/min. Mainly, this study focuses on investigating the percentage infill with respect to the cross-sectional area of the investigated samples. The mechanical properties, i.e., modulus of toughness, ultimate tensile stress, yield stress, and percent elongation, were explored for each sample having a different geometrical infill design. The test outcomes for each pattern were systematically compared. To further validate the experimental results, a computer simulation using finite element analysis was also performed and contrasted with the experimental tensile tests. The experimental results mainly suggested a brittle behavior for solidly infilled specimen, while rectangular, diamond, and hexagonal infill patterns showed ductile-like behavior (fine size and texture of infills). This brittleness may be due to the relatively higher infill density results that led to the high bonding adhesion of the printed layers, and the size and thickness effects of the solid substrate. It made the solidly infilled specimen structure denser and brittle. Among all structures, hexagon geometrical infill showed relative improvement in the mechanical properties (highest ultimate tensile stress and modulus values 1759.4 MPa and 57.74 MPa, respectively) compared with other geometrical infills. Therefore, the geometrical infill effects play an important role in selecting the suitable mechanical property’s values in industrial applications.
Tanner Harpool; Ibrahim Alarifi; Basheer Alshammari; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Rizwan Malik; Ahmed Mohamed Sayed; Ramazan Asmatulu; Tarek El-Bagory. Evaluation of the Infill Design on the Tensile Response of 3D Printed Polylactic Acid Polymer. Materials 2021, 14, 2195 .
AMA StyleTanner Harpool, Ibrahim Alarifi, Basheer Alshammari, Abdul Aabid, Muneer Baig, Rizwan Malik, Ahmed Mohamed Sayed, Ramazan Asmatulu, Tarek El-Bagory. Evaluation of the Infill Design on the Tensile Response of 3D Printed Polylactic Acid Polymer. Materials. 2021; 14 (9):2195.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTanner Harpool; Ibrahim Alarifi; Basheer Alshammari; Abdul Aabid; Muneer Baig; Rizwan Malik; Ahmed Mohamed Sayed; Ramazan Asmatulu; Tarek El-Bagory. 2021. "Evaluation of the Infill Design on the Tensile Response of 3D Printed Polylactic Acid Polymer." Materials 14, no. 9: 2195.
The effect of various combinations of filler materials on the performance of polypropylene (PP)-based composites was investigated. PP in particulate form was used as the matrix. Milled short carbon fiber (SCF) micro-size, graphite nano-platelet (GNP), and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) were used as fillers. These fillers were incorporated in the polymer matrix to produce mono-filler (PP/SCF and PP/nanofiller) and hybrid composites. Hybrid composites consist of PP/10SCF/GNP, PP/10SCF/nTiO2, and PP/10SCF/GNP/nTiO2. The effect of the addition of SCF, GNP, and nTiO2 on PP-based composites was investigated by analyzing their morphological, mechanical, and physical properties. The addition of mono-filler to the PP matrix improved the mechanical properties of the composites when compared to the neat PP. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS), flexural modulus, flexural strength, and impact toughness of the hybrid composites with 15 wt % total loading of fillers, were higher than that of mono-filler composites with 15 wt % SCF (PP/15SCF). A maximum increase of 20% in the flexural modulus was observed in the hybrid composite with 10 wt % of SCF with the additional of 2.5 wt % GNP and 2.5 wt % nTiO2 when compared to PP/15SCF composite. The addition of 2.5 wt % nTiO2 to the 10 wt % SCF reinforced PP, resulted in increasing the strain at break by 15% when compared to the PP/10SCF composite. A scanning electron microscope image of the PP/10SCF composite with the addition of GNP improved the interfacial bonding between PP and SCF compared with PP/SCF alone. A decrease in the melt flow index (MFI) was observed for all compositions. However, hybrid composites showed a higher decrease in MFI.
Harri Junaedi; Muneer Baig; Abdulsattar Dawood; Essam Albahkali; Abdulhakim Almajid. Mechanical and Physical Properties of Short Carbon Fiber and Nanofiller-Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Nanocomposites. Polymers 2020, 12, 2851 .
AMA StyleHarri Junaedi, Muneer Baig, Abdulsattar Dawood, Essam Albahkali, Abdulhakim Almajid. Mechanical and Physical Properties of Short Carbon Fiber and Nanofiller-Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Nanocomposites. Polymers. 2020; 12 (12):2851.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarri Junaedi; Muneer Baig; Abdulsattar Dawood; Essam Albahkali; Abdulhakim Almajid. 2020. "Mechanical and Physical Properties of Short Carbon Fiber and Nanofiller-Reinforced Polypropylene Hybrid Nanocomposites." Polymers 12, no. 12: 2851.
In this study, Al5083 alloy was deformed through equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to three passes. The ECAP was conducted at room temperature in a mold using route C. The microstructure evolution was investigated under optical microscopic observations. The grain size was measured using ImageJ software. Grain refinement from 145 µM (as received) to 37 µM (after third pass) was observed due to ECAP. The potentiodynamic polarization of the Al5083 alloy was obtained from a 3.5% sodium chloride solution. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was performed in the sodium chloride solution to study the alloy’s surface properties. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were conducted after obtaining the corrosion performance. As a result, we found that ECAP processing leads to the grain refinement of the alloy, which causes a detrimental effect on the corrosion resistance property.
Asiful H. Seikh; Muneer Baig; Ateekh Ur Rehman. Effect of Severe Plastic Deformation, through Equal-Channel Angular Press Processing, on the Electrochemical Behavior of Al5083 Alloy. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7776 .
AMA StyleAsiful H. Seikh, Muneer Baig, Ateekh Ur Rehman. Effect of Severe Plastic Deformation, through Equal-Channel Angular Press Processing, on the Electrochemical Behavior of Al5083 Alloy. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7776.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAsiful H. Seikh; Muneer Baig; Ateekh Ur Rehman. 2020. "Effect of Severe Plastic Deformation, through Equal-Channel Angular Press Processing, on the Electrochemical Behavior of Al5083 Alloy." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7776.
Aamir Khan; Muneer Baig; Abdulhakim Almajid. Effect of Transition Metals on Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum. International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 2018, 6, 369 -372.
AMA StyleAamir Khan, Muneer Baig, Abdulhakim Almajid. Effect of Transition Metals on Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum. International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing. 2018; 6 (6):369-372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAamir Khan; Muneer Baig; Abdulhakim Almajid. 2018. "Effect of Transition Metals on Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum." International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing 6, no. 6: 369-372.
Short carbon fiber (SCF) reinforced Polypropylene (PP) composites were fabricated using twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding process. The SCF used is of 7-9 µm diameter and 90µm length (SCF90). SCF were loaded at two different percentages, 15%wt and 35%wt. Different %wt loading of compatibilizer (Maleic Anhydride grafted Polypropylene (MAPP)) ranging from 0 to 4 %wt were used. For 15 wt% loading, higher %wt of MAPP increases the ductility but the strength and modulus remain at the same level as without MAPP. Optimal %wt was found to be at 2%wt of MAPP. For 35 %wt loading, no change on the ductility observed but slight drop in the modulus and strength at 4 %wt loading.
Harri Junaedi; Essam Albahkali; Muneer Baig; Abdulhakim Almajid. The effect compatibilizer on mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composites. 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES”: From Aerospace to Nanotechnology 2018, 1981, 020028 .
AMA StyleHarri Junaedi, Essam Albahkali, Muneer Baig, Abdulhakim Almajid. The effect compatibilizer on mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composites. 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES”: From Aerospace to Nanotechnology. 2018; 1981 (1):020028.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarri Junaedi; Essam Albahkali; Muneer Baig; Abdulhakim Almajid. 2018. "The effect compatibilizer on mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene composites." 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES”: From Aerospace to Nanotechnology 1981, no. 1: 020028.