In this paper, a new topology of a Fractional Order PID (FOPID) controller is proposed to control a boost DC-DC converter with minimum over/undershoot. The fractional controller parameters are tuned using a genetic algorithm (GA) with a combined cost function composed of the Integral of Time-Weighted Absolute Error (ITAE) and the Integral of Time-Weighted Square Error (ITSE). Despite adding moderate complexity to the control structure, the simulation results reveal that the GA-based FOPID controller tuning provided better performance for the setpoint tracking both under load variations and parameters deviation due to the prolonged use. The proposed FOPID shows a wide operational range concerning load disturbances, and capacitance/inductance deviations of $\pm 30$% and $\pm 50$% from nominal values, achieving functionality and voltage stability even with output power 50% higher than the converter power specification. The assessment was made considering operation in voltage mode and the performance was compared to conventional Proportional-Integral (PI), Type II and current mode controllers. Finally, a fuzzy fractional-order PID (FFOPID) was designed to outperform the FOPID during disturbances in the control variable.

The proposed paper presents the development of a high efficient and high-immune misalignment tolerant loosely coupled inductive power transfer (LCIPT) system using dynamic wireless power transfer (WPT) concept to charge a 48 V battery bank at 500 W through 16 cm air-gap. The purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of a third coil functioning as a transmitter coil. The resonant circuit as well as the electronic power converters used to implement a prototype are deeply explained.

This paper presents novel current sensorless maximum-power point-tracking (MPPT) algorithms based on compensators/controllers and a single-input voltage sensor. The proposed MPPTs eliminate the expensive and noisy current sensor, which can significantly reduce the system cost and retain the advantages of the widely used MPPT algorithms, such as Incremental Conductance (IC) and Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithms. Additionally, it is verified that the proposed algorithms, especially the proposed Current Sensorless V based on PI, can reach outstanding tracking factors (TFs) such as the IC and P&O based on PI algorithms. In this sense, the insertion of controllers inside the MPPT gives them adaptive characteristics, and the experimental TFs are in the remarkable range of more than 99%, with an average yield of 99.51% and a peak of 99.80%.

This work proposes a differential evolution algorithm to control a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system based on photovoltaic generation and energy cost curves, and constraints associated with the power converters’ operation, battery charging strategy, and initial budgets. The algorithm is designed to trade off the batteries’ state of charge and the profits gained from selling energy to the grid. To achieve this balance, a fuzzy controller is employed and acts based on forecasts of the photovoltaic generation and the cost of electricity, within prediction windows of 120 min, adapting the batteries’ rate of charging or discharging. Simulation results show that for different curves and different initial budgets, the target state of charge is reached at the end of the time horizon. By evaluating the proposed scheme under different scenarios, the algorithm’s performance is proven to be suitable for future practical deployment.

This article presents a study of the sampling rate effect on electrical power measurements whose definitions are based on the Conservative Power Theory (CPT). The definitions of active power and reactive power of the CPT were applied in the MATLAB^® software by varying the sampling rate and using a digital power meter as a reference. The measurements were performed in scenarios with linear and non-linear loads. Due to the usage of an integral in the CPT calculus, an error was verified associated with the reactive power being inversely proportional to the sampling rate. From the present study, it is possible to conclude that depending on the sample rate, the errors associated with the reactive power measurements are unacceptable and make the CPT implementation unfeasible. The results also presented effective information about the minimal sampling rate needed to make these errors neglected and to assist in choosing suitable microprocessors for the digital implementation of the CPT. It is worth mentioning that this paper was limited to assess how accurate the measurements of active and reactive powers were and important to highlight that the CPT has the additional contribution of dealing with distortion currents and consequently new portions of powers. For the latter, the influence of sampling rate may be crucial and new lines of investigation are motivated.