The present study examined the impact of agricultural exports on economic growth in Lambayeque, Peru, during the period 2010–2023. An ordinary least squares (OLS) econometric model was employed to analyze the relationship between gross value added (GVA) and key macroeconomic variables, including agricultural exports, private investment, real wages, terms of trade, and the real multilateral exchange rate. The findings indicate that the model possesses considerable explanatory power (R² = 0.973) and that agricultural exports exert a positive and significant influence on regional GVA. In addition, private investment and real wages demonstrate positive elasticities, while terms of trade exhibit a negative relationship with regional economic growth. This highlights Lambayeque’s vulnerability to external price shocks. The study thus underscores the pivotal role of the Olmos Project, which has been instrumental in transforming arid land into fruitful agricultural zones through the implementation of an irrigation system encompassing over 22,000 hectares. This initiative has not only augmented agricultural exports, accounting for an impressive 90% of Lambayeque’s supply, but also contributed significantly to regional economic development by supporting employment generation and poverty reduction. Nevertheless, the presence of negative terms of trade indicates that the regional economy exhibits structural vulnerability in the face of external shocks. Notwithstanding the intrinsic limitations of regional, trade, and macroeconomic statistics, an understanding of the correlation between agro-exports and economic growth in a paradigmatic region of northern Peru provides substantial evidence for formulating policies to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of the agro-export model.

Background At the international level, the survival of exporting companies represents a critical issue in a context of heightened uncertainty and intensified competition within the framework of the country’s commercial opening. This is a context in which different companies are born and die as a result of the interaction between the market and other factors. The objective of this research was to analysis of the survival of exporting agricultural companies in Peru, 2009-2019. To this end, data from the Commission for the Promotion of Peru for Exports and Tourism (Promperu) was utilised. Methods The methodological contribution of the research is based on the quantitative approach, of basic type with a descriptive elk; being the population that involves a total of data of the agricultural exporting companies of Peru in the period 2009-2019 and the sample is census and the non-parametric statistical technique used was the Kaplan Meier estimate for the estimation of the survival rate. Results Exports of Peru’s non-traditional agricultural sector in FOB value have had an average annual growth of 12% in terms of FOB value and 9% in terms of volume exported; the entry rate of new agro-exporting agricultural companies reached an average growth of 2.3% and the exit rate reached an average of 2.2% in the period 2009-2019. Conclusions The survival of exporting companies in the non-traditional agricultural sector is critical, where 89% of them survive only one year, while in the second year only 75% survive and in the sixth year only 33% survive.

Background The empowerment of rural women is a key dimension for achieving gender equity and sustainable development. With this purpose, the present study analyzed the patterns and trends of scientific production on this topic using the Scopus database. Methodology A quantitative approach was employed through bibliometric and scientometric techniques, using a collection of 376 documents (1983–2024). Through Bibliometrix (R) and VOSviewer, we identified co-authorship networks, thematic clusters, conceptual evolution, and indicators of productivity and impact. Results Scientific production has shown sustained growth since 2015, driven by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the increasing visibility of structural inequalities. The findings highlight institutional dispersion and limited international collaboration. Authors such as Mudhara M and Aziz N stand out for their recent impact. Semantic analysis reveals the centrality of terms such as agency, gender equality, and rural development. The structural thematic map shows that concepts like women’s rights and economic factors drive the field, while categories such as empowerment and leadership require further theoretical consolidation. Publication year spectroscopy reveals historical roots in the foundational works of Freire, Boserup, and Kabeer, who introduced emancipatory, relational, and critical perspectives on empowerment—now reinterpreted through intersectional approaches. Conclusions The field has achieved conceptual maturity but still faces challenges related to methodological integration and global collaboration. It is recommended to broaden the analysis to other databases, strengthen scientific networks, and incorporate more integrative approaches into the contemporary rural agenda.

Background International expansion has been identified as a pivotal strategy for SMEs seeking to achieve internationalisation and growth within the global market. However, as evidenced by extant literature, SMEs encounter numerous obstacles that impede their ability to access foreign markets, including a dearth of resources and experience, fierce competition from large and sustainable global companies. Therefore, the study seeks to identify the Business Intelligence factors that affect the export competitiveness of SMEs in a region of northern Peru. Methods The research had a quantitative, non-experimental and explanatory approach; being basic research focusing on the generation of theoretical knowledge about the factors that affect competitiveness through business intelligence strategies, for which 51 SMEs, economic units that currently maintain trade relations with international markets, were studied and the Logit model was used to identify those factors. Results The findings indicate that the binary logistic regression model demonstrates the significance of the market research and business management dimensions. The assertiveness matrix demonstrates a higher capacity to predict the 'No' response (76.5%) in comparison to the 'Yes' response (23.5%). It is noteworthy that the relative probability of enhancing competitiveness is estimated at 0.98 times when market identification, target market segment analysis and market research development are requested, as opposed to 0.95 times when external advice or assistance is obtained to formulate an alternative value proposition for the exportable product. Conclusions The market research and business management dimensions of Business Intelligence have a significant impact on the export competitiveness of SMEs in northern Peru, with market research being the factor with the greatest influence on the export competitiveness of SMEs. This finding highlights the importance of collecting and analysing accurate information on international markets in order to identify opportunities, reduce uncertainties and adapt products to the demands of global customers.

Background Trade openness shows a positive impact on economic growth, supported by economic theory, and export diversification and economic complexity show a positive dynamic in trade openness in the world; however, a specificity is generated in South American countries. Therefore, the objective of the research is to analyse the macroeconomic determinants of trade openness in Latin American countries. Methods The research approach was quantitative and explanatory using panel data methodology from the databases of the World Bank, Harvard University and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean for the period 2000-2020. Results The fixed effects panel data model showed that the variables that had a negative impact on trade openness were GDP, the economic complexity index and the logistic performance index, while the variables that had a positive impact were exports of high-tech products (a proxy for innovation), exports, imports, research and development expenditure and interregional trade in goods. Conclusions Therefore, during the analysis period of 2000-2020 in South America, based on the panel data analysis under fixed effects, a total of 8 countries had a negative impact on trade openness, and only the economies of Chile, French Guiana, and Brazil had a positive impact on trade openness; these economies are characterized by their better performance in the economic complexity index, their higher percentage of budget for research and development expenses, and their trade policies oriented towards the industrialization of their value-added products.