Background and Objectives: In Peru, the presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria is a constant concern in hospitals and has likely increased in frequency during the pandemic. The objective of the study was to analyze the frequency of carbapenemase-producing bacteria resistant to two carbapenems (Imipenem and Meropenem), which were isolated from Peruvian patients in the intensive care unit of the Victor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital in Trujillo (Peru) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The biological samples of the patients hospitalized in the ICU were processed in the Microbiology Diagnostic Laboratory of the Víctor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital between May 2021 and March 2022. Antimicrobial sensitivity was determined with the automated system AutoScan-4, and for the identification of the type of carbapenemase, the RESISIT-3 O.K.N K-SET cassettes were used. Results: The results show that 76 cultures (76/129) had resistance to the two carbapenems (imipenem or meropenem), where the most frequent were Klebsiella pneuomoniae (31.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.3%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (14.5%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures showed at least three carbapenemase types (KPC, NDM, and OXA-48), while A. baumannii, Escherichia coli, and Burkholderia cepacia complex presented at least two carbapenemases (NDM and OXA-48). The carbapenemase NDM was detected in Enterobacter cloacae, Morganella morganii, and Proteus mirabilis, while KPC was present in all Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca cultures. Conclusions: The samples from patients hospitalized in the Victor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital ICU showed a high prevalence of imipenem- and meropenem-resistant bacteria. These findings are relevant and concerning from the perspective of antibiotic-resistant bacteria monitoring, control, and disinfection. Thus, an appropriate antibiotic policy must be implemented.

Heavy metal contamination of water is a widespread problem in Peru and represents a potential threat to the ecosystem. Bacteria are an ecological alternative to treating these effluents. This research aims to determine the influence of temperature and pH on the lead (Pb) bioremoval in surface water using Serratia marcescens under laboratory conditions. The sample was collected from a stream located in Santiago de Chuco City (Peru). Treatments (T) were carried out by combining pH (5 and 7) and temperature (25, 30, and 35 °C). The bacterial inoculum (S. marcescens) was 3 × 10⁸ CFU/mL, which was constant in all treatments. The lead bioremoval evaluation was performed in an airlift bioreactor and the incubation time was 24 h. The total lead concentration was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results show that treatment 6 (temperature: 35 °C, pH: 5, and inoculum: 3 × 10⁸ UFC/mL) showed a better result than the other treatments, with a removal value of 63.94%. Furthermore, the total lead concentration decreased from an initial concentration of 0.268 mg Pb/L to a final value of 0.0964 mg Pb/L. These results are still above the allowed water value (15 µg/L) according to Peruvian standards. On the other hand, temperature and pH influenced lead removal from surface water when S. marcescens was used after a short incubation period (24 h). Although an attempt was made to improve lead bioremoval by varying two parameters, temperature and pH, future research is still needed to investigate the effect of different inoculum concentrations, the use of microbial consortia, and a broader range of physicochemical parameters.

Beaches worldwide are popular tourist destinations that attract both local and international tourists and the increase in population density in the summer season generates an increase in domestic and industrial waste dumped into the seas and oceans, the present work of The objective of the research is to determine the antibacterial sensitivity of bacteria isolated in seawater; For which the three most popular beaches of La Libertad were sampled during October and November of 2023. The results obtained showed that the beaches of Salaverry have good microbiological quality, while the microbiological quality of the beaches of Las Delicias and Huanchaco is poor; E coli being the bacteria that is isolated most frequently and presents resistance to Ampicillin (AMP) and Ciprofloxaxin (CIP): this research concludes that due to the dumping of wastewater in coastal areas, microbiological contamination of the beaches is produced, which is a danger. latent for bathers who come during the summer.

During a gastrointestinal bacterial infection process, it is common for the population to take antibiotics indiscriminately. However, improper use of these can cause bacterial resistance; for this reason, alternative treatments are sought, using medicinal plants. Purpose: To evaluate the antimicrobial potential of the ethanolic extract of Cadillo (Bidens pilosa L.) against Salmonella typhimurium, which causes gastrointestinal infections. Methods: The ethanolic extract was obtained by maceration of 200g. of dried and ground leaves of Bidens pilosa L., in 1250 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol. The presence of the Phytoconstituents was determined by traditional chemical methods. The antibacterial effect was evaluated by the Kirby-Bauer method for concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/mL. The evaluation of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was carried out by the Broth Macrodilution method. Results: A predominance of steroids and terpenoids was found in the extract. The antibacterial activity was present in all extracts, achieving inhibition zones from 10.097 mm ± 0.348 to 33.773 mm ±0.292, with inhibition percentages from 38.9 to 130.0 %. A MIC of 15.6 mg/mL and a MBC of 31.25 mg/mL were obtained. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of Bidens pilosa L. has a high antimicrobial potential against Salmonella typhimurium, and it is suggested to continue with studies that propose the use of this extract as a new alternative treatment for salmonellosis.

The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between personal and institutional factors and the scientific production of teachers at a private university in Trujillo. In this basic research, with a descriptive, correlational, and nonexperimental design 50 undergraduate teachers were surveyed in the Faculty of Engineering and Technology of a private university in Trujillo. For data analysis, the SPSS v.26 program was used where the Chi-Square statistical test was applied and the results obtained showed that 4 personal factors and 3 institutional factors were significant in the Chi-Square test because a value of P < 0.05. Finally, it was concluded that the RENACYT category, the time of teaching service; the preference for research activity; personal time dedicated to research; teaching dedication; the workload time assigned to research, and having been trained to prepare and write articles are significant personal and institutional factors that directly influence