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Dr. Helder Relvas
University of Aveiro

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0 Air Pollution
0 Air Quality
0 Integrated assessment modelling tools
0 Air quality modelling Modelling
0 Artificial neural networks (ANN)

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Air Quality
Air Pollution
Air quality modelling Modelling
Integrated assessment modelling tools
Artificial neural networks (ANN)

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Journal article
Published: 04 April 2021 in Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism
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Air quality is a topic with growing interest within the tourism industry, especially for destinations with a high volume of tourism. Several implications on tourism demand are already recognised, such as influence on health and well-being, travel behaviour and trip satisfaction. However, there is a knowledge gap concerning its influence on tourism decision making. To overcome this gap this study intends to examine the relevance of destinations’ air quality on tourism decision making before and during tourism trips. A qualitative study was carried out based on in-depth interviews with visitors from different cultural backgrounds and with different health conditions. A content analysis was undertaken to find the major references regarding the topic and to establish a comparative analysis. The results demonstrate a lack of concern regarding air quality in specific dimensions of travel planning. Nevertheless, when visitors are confronted with episodes of air pollution at the destination, they tend to adopt adaptive strategies to prevent negative effects. Differences were found between groups from different places of residence and between individuals with or without health problems. The paper ends with guidelines for those developing recreation and tourism activities concerning the relevance that should be assigned to air quality in the development of these activities.

ACS Style

V. Rodrigues; M.J. Carneiro; C. Eusébio; M. Madaleno; M. Robaina; C. Gama; K. Oliveira; H. Relvas; M. Lopes; A. Monteiro. How important is air quality in travel decision-making? Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 2021, 35, 100380 .

AMA Style

V. Rodrigues, M.J. Carneiro, C. Eusébio, M. Madaleno, M. Robaina, C. Gama, K. Oliveira, H. Relvas, M. Lopes, A. Monteiro. How important is air quality in travel decision-making? Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. 2021; 35 ():100380.

Chicago/Turabian Style

V. Rodrigues; M.J. Carneiro; C. Eusébio; M. Madaleno; M. Robaina; C. Gama; K. Oliveira; H. Relvas; M. Lopes; A. Monteiro. 2021. "How important is air quality in travel decision-making?" Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 35, no. : 100380.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2021 in Sustainability
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The pandemic caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (associated to the disease named COVID-19) is having a global impact that affects health, the economy and the environment. These impacts are negative in most of the sectors but benefits also occurred in specific fields. Tourism was one of the most negatively affected economic sectors, and in terms of benefits, the improvement of air quality can be highlighted, with positive health implications. This paper aims to evaluate the impacts on these two particular fields—tourism and air quality—focusing on Portugal due to the relevance of tourism in the country. The research carried out in this paper enables us to find the most critical areas and identifies lessons learnt and recommendations for the post-COVID period. Tourism and air quality data were collected for both 2019 and 2020 and compared in terms of quantitative and spatial analysis. The Lisbon metropolitan area—the geographical area where the capital of the country is located—was the area that suffered the most negative impacts in terms of tourism activity but was also the one where highest benefits in terms of air pollution reduction and human exposure were felt. Recommendations for future strategies are suggested, including new concepts of tourism connected to the environment; the investment in online/virtual tourism activities; promotion of the domestic market; mitigation of the over-tourism problem and using environmental issues, such as air quality, as new attractiveness criteria for tourism destinations.

ACS Style

Alexandra Monteiro; Celeste Eusébio; Maria Carneiro; Mara Madaleno; Margarita Robaina; Vitor Rodrigues; Carla Gama; Hélder Relvas; Michael Russo; Kevin Oliveira; Myriam Lopes; Carlos Borrego. Tourism and Air Quality during COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for the Future. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3906 .

AMA Style

Alexandra Monteiro, Celeste Eusébio, Maria Carneiro, Mara Madaleno, Margarita Robaina, Vitor Rodrigues, Carla Gama, Hélder Relvas, Michael Russo, Kevin Oliveira, Myriam Lopes, Carlos Borrego. Tourism and Air Quality during COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for the Future. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (7):3906.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandra Monteiro; Celeste Eusébio; Maria Carneiro; Mara Madaleno; Margarita Robaina; Vitor Rodrigues; Carla Gama; Hélder Relvas; Michael Russo; Kevin Oliveira; Myriam Lopes; Carlos Borrego. 2021. "Tourism and Air Quality during COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for the Future." Sustainability 13, no. 7: 3906.

Article
Published: 24 October 2020 in Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
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Air quality degradation due to road traffic emissions is one of the topics of major interest for the scientific community and urban planners worldwide. Cabo Verde does not have regulations for traffic emission control or air quality guidelines, although the number of road vehicles has grown steadily over the past decade. Moreover, studies focusing on the impact of road transport on air quality in this archipelago are sparse. In this study, we present a first detailed air pollutant inventory of road traffic emissions through a bottom-up methodology, along with snapshots of the state of air quality on the islands of Santiago, São Vicente, and Sal. For the year 2017, emission estimates for the main island (Santiago) are 654 tons of CO, 35 tons of PM10, 562 tons of NOx, and 84 tons of NMVOCs. The air quality assessment was carried out using the TAPM model for a period of 6 months from January to July 2017. The results showed that the mean concentration values for Sao Vicente, Sal, and Santiago Islands ranged between 2.0 and 18 μg m−3 for NO2 and 3.8 and 5.6 μg m−3 for PM10. NO2 concentrations show an increasing trend from January to July in Santiago and Sal, and no clear trend in São Vicente Island. The simulated PM10 concentrations showed values in the same range over the year, even though they appeared slightly higher in July than in January. It was observed that both NO2 and PM10 average concentrations have been consistently above healthful levels, according to air quality guidelines fixed by the WHO.

ACS Style

Sandra M. Freire; Helder Relvas; Myriam Lopes. Impact of traffic emissions on air quality in Cabo Verde. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2020, 192, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Sandra M. Freire, Helder Relvas, Myriam Lopes. Impact of traffic emissions on air quality in Cabo Verde. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2020; 192 (11):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sandra M. Freire; Helder Relvas; Myriam Lopes. 2020. "Impact of traffic emissions on air quality in Cabo Verde." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 192, no. 11: 1-13.

Research article
Published: 15 June 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Toxic metals as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) exist in the atmosphere as particulate matter components. Their concentration levels in the European Union (EU) are regulated by European legislation, which sets target and limit values as annual means, and by the World Health Organization (WHO) that defines guidelines and reference values for those metal elements. Modelling tools are recommended to support air quality assessment regarding the toxic metals; however, few studies have been performed and those assessments rely on discrete measurements or field campaigns. This study aims to evaluate the capability of air quality modelling tools to verify the legislation compliance concerning the atmospheric levels of toxic elements and to identify the main challenges and limitations of using a modelling assessment approach for regulatory purposes, as a complement to monitoring. The CAMx air quality model was adapted and applied over Porto and Lisbon urban regions in Portugal at 5 × 5-km2 and 1 × 1-km2 horizontal resolution for the year 2015, and the results were analysed and compared with the few measurements available in three locations. The comparison between modelled and measured data revealed an overestimation of the model, although annual averages are much lower than the regulated standards. The comparison of the 5-km and 1-km resolutions’ results indicates that a higher resolution does not necessarily imply a better performance, pointing out uncertainties in emissions and the need to better describe the magnitude and spatial allocation of toxic metal emissions. This work highlighted that an increase of the spatial and temporal coverage of monitoring sites would allow to improve the model design, contribute to a better knowledge on toxic metals atmospheric emission sources and to increase the capacity of models to simulate atmospheric particulate species of health concern.

ACS Style

Joana Ferreira; Diogo Lopes; Sandra Rafael; Helder Relvas; Susana Marta Almeida; Ana Isabel Miranda. Modelling air quality levels of regulated metals: limitations and challenges. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 33916 -33928.

AMA Style

Joana Ferreira, Diogo Lopes, Sandra Rafael, Helder Relvas, Susana Marta Almeida, Ana Isabel Miranda. Modelling air quality levels of regulated metals: limitations and challenges. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (27):33916-33928.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Joana Ferreira; Diogo Lopes; Sandra Rafael; Helder Relvas; Susana Marta Almeida; Ana Isabel Miranda. 2020. "Modelling air quality levels of regulated metals: limitations and challenges." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 27: 33916-33928.

Earlycite article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Journal of Tourism Futures
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Purpose Tourism may have important positive and negative economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts. However, cultural and natural resources are also the base to the development of competitive destinations and changes in these resources can have an important impact on tourism development. Despite the considerable literature regarding the impacts of tourism, a limited number of studies examine the impact of the environment on tourism, specifically the impact of air quality (AQ). Therefore, this paper aims to review what is known about the impact of AQ on tourism demand, analysing the different methods and approaches used, as well as the results obtained. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review method was used to examine the state of the art in this topic and identify research gaps and new research directions. Only 26 papers were identified that examine the impact of AQ on tourism demand. Findings The majority of the studies were carried out in China and investigate the impact of AQ on tourism from the perspective of tourism demand. Both global (tourism demand) and individual (tourist perceptions) approaches have been used to investigate the impact of AQ on tourism. Originality/value This is the first systematic literature review on the impact of outdoor AQ on tourism demand. Moreover, this paper analyses the methods and approaches that have been used in the literature to examine the impact of outdoor AQ on tourism demand. The paper ends with a discussion on the identified research gaps concerning the influence of AQ on tourism development.

ACS Style

Celeste Eusébio; Maria João Carneiro; Mara Madaleno; Margarita Robaina; Vítor Rodrigues; Michael Russo; Hélder Relvas; Carla Gama; Myriam Lopes; Vania Seixas; Carlos Borrego; Alexandra Monteiro. The impact of air quality on tourism: a systematic literature review. Journal of Tourism Futures 2020, 7, 111 -130.

AMA Style

Celeste Eusébio, Maria João Carneiro, Mara Madaleno, Margarita Robaina, Vítor Rodrigues, Michael Russo, Hélder Relvas, Carla Gama, Myriam Lopes, Vania Seixas, Carlos Borrego, Alexandra Monteiro. The impact of air quality on tourism: a systematic literature review. Journal of Tourism Futures. 2020; 7 (1):111-130.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Celeste Eusébio; Maria João Carneiro; Mara Madaleno; Margarita Robaina; Vítor Rodrigues; Michael Russo; Hélder Relvas; Carla Gama; Myriam Lopes; Vania Seixas; Carlos Borrego; Alexandra Monteiro. 2020. "The impact of air quality on tourism: a systematic literature review." Journal of Tourism Futures 7, no. 1: 111-130.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2019 in Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física
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Foram estimadas as emissões antrópicas de gases de efeito estufa e poluentes atmosféricos para cidade de Manaus oriundas da mobilidade urbana, adotando as orientações do IPCC e as recomendações do governo brasileiro, no que tange ao uso de biomassa na matriz energética, assim como as experiências relatadas por outros grandes centros brasileiros que já publicaram seus inventários. A cidade apresentou crescimento demográfico vertiginoso nos últimos 50 anos graças à edição do Decreto 288/67 que instituiu o modelo econômico Zona Franca de Manaus com incentivos fiscais ao setor industrial. Neste período a população saltou de 314.197 habitantes em 1970 para 2.094.391 em 2016. Com uma frota de veículos de 710.586, a cidade apresenta uma série de problemas, seja de infraestrutura pela quase ausência de planejamento urbano, seja pela precariedade dos serviços públicos. As emissões são representativas da frota e, muito embora, venham reduzindo nas últimas décadas, sobretudo, em face da implementação de diversas fases do Programa de Controle da Poluição do Ar por Veículos Automotores – PROCONVE e Programa de Controle da Poluição do Ar por Motocicletas e Veículos Similares - PROMAT, os resultados são de ordem preocupante e precisam fomentar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de transporte e saúde inerentes à qualidade do ar. Analysis of the Displacement of Emissions Pollutants in the Manaus city, Brazil A B S T R A C TThe anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and atmospheric pollutants to the city of Manaus from urban mobility were estimated by adopting the IPCC guidelines and recommendations of the Brazilian government regarding the use of biomass in the energy matrix, as well as the reported experiences by other major Brazilian centers that have already published their inventories. The city has experienced rapid growth in the last 50 years thanks to the publication of Decree 288/67, which established the economic model of the Free Zone of Manaus with tax incentives for the industrial sector. In this period the population jumped from 314,197 inhabitants in 1970 to 2,094,391 in 2016. With a fleet of 710,586 vehicles, the city presents a series of problems, be it infrastructure due to the almost absence of urban planning or the precariousness of public services. The estimates were elaborated from the Bottom-Up approach, whose methodology is most recommended when the volume of data and information is more robust. Were considered the stratified circulating fleet by thermodynamic cycle, the intensity of use and emission factors as suggested by the IPCC (2006) and guided by the Brazilian government (Brazil, 2011). The emissions are representative of the fleet and, although they have been reducing in the last decades, mainly, due to the implementation of several phases of the Air Pollution Control Program for Motor Vehicles - PROCONVE and Air Pollution Control Program for Motorcycles and Similar vehicles - PROMAT, the results are of concern and must foster the development of public transport and health policies related to air quality. Likewise, the adoption of a standard methodology with recommendations and clear definitions for border conditions is the major challenge required to demonstrate the comparability of emissions between different urban centers, in historical scenarios, in order to contribute to the construction of Municipal Mobility Plans Urban. Key words: Urban mobility; Greenhouse gases; Atmospheric pollutants; Inventories; low carbon technologies.

ACS Style

Jurandir Moura Dutra; Helder Relvas; João Rodrigues; Geise Canalez; Kátia Cavalcante; Andrea Waichman; Myriam Lopes. Estimativas de poluentes atmosféricos do Sistema de Transportes em Manaus a partir da abordagem Bottom-Up. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 2019, 12, 2108 -2120.

AMA Style

Jurandir Moura Dutra, Helder Relvas, João Rodrigues, Geise Canalez, Kátia Cavalcante, Andrea Waichman, Myriam Lopes. Estimativas de poluentes atmosféricos do Sistema de Transportes em Manaus a partir da abordagem Bottom-Up. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física. 2019; 12 (6):2108-2120.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jurandir Moura Dutra; Helder Relvas; João Rodrigues; Geise Canalez; Kátia Cavalcante; Andrea Waichman; Myriam Lopes. 2019. "Estimativas de poluentes atmosféricos do Sistema de Transportes em Manaus a partir da abordagem Bottom-Up." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 12, no. 6: 2108-2120.

Journal article
Published: 11 October 2019 in Atmospheric Environment
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Data on atmospheric pollutant emissions from tourism activities was identified as a critical knowledge gap. Building an emissions inventory is a standard procedure that most countries perform for regulatory or research purposes. At a European level, these inventories are developed using the standard Nomenclature for Reporting (NFR sectors). However, none of the NFR are exclusively for tourism or explicitly include it. This paper presents a methodology to estimate the emissions from main touristic activities, focusing on Portugal as a case study. The emissions were distributed using tourism data as a proxy, namely the contribution of tourism to characteristic industries, as well as the nights spent in tourism establishments by non-residents. The proxy data was used to distribute emissions throughout the municipalities, using the national reported emissions data as a starting point. An analysis of the spatial distribution of tourism emissions was performed, highlighting that tourism has a significant impact on atmospheric emissions over specific areas (up to 40.1%), and contributing to areas where air pollution is already an environmental stress factor (urban centres of Porto and Lisbon). While this methodological framework was developed specifically for Portugal, it may be adapted to assess atmospheric pollutant emissions from tourism activities in other regions. Beyond the methodology proposed and the analysis of the results, other alternative methods to estimate emissions from the tourism sector are discussed and suggested.

ACS Style

M.A. Russo; H. Relvas; Carla Gama; Myriam Lopes; C. Borrego; V. Rodrigues; Margarita Robaina; M. Madaleno; M.J. Carneiro; C. Eusébio; A. Monteiro. Estimating emissions from tourism activities. Atmospheric Environment 2019, 220, 117048 .

AMA Style

M.A. Russo, H. Relvas, Carla Gama, Myriam Lopes, C. Borrego, V. Rodrigues, Margarita Robaina, M. Madaleno, M.J. Carneiro, C. Eusébio, A. Monteiro. Estimating emissions from tourism activities. Atmospheric Environment. 2019; 220 ():117048.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.A. Russo; H. Relvas; Carla Gama; Myriam Lopes; C. Borrego; V. Rodrigues; Margarita Robaina; M. Madaleno; M.J. Carneiro; C. Eusébio; A. Monteiro. 2019. "Estimating emissions from tourism activities." Atmospheric Environment 220, no. : 117048.

Journal article
Published: 09 July 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Road traffic poses negative externalities on society and represents a key challenge in sustainable transportation. However, the existing literature about the assessment of traffic externalities drawn on a common measure is scarce. This paper develops a sustainability indicator that integrates traffic-related externalities as means of traffic congestion, noise, greenhouse gases (GHG) and nitrogen oxides emissions, health impacts and road crash related costs, and adjusted to local contexts of vulnerability. Traffic, road crashes, acoustic and vehicle dynamic data were collected from one real-world intercity corridor pair comprising three alternative routes. The site-specific operations were characterized using a modeling platform of traffic, emissions, noise and air quality. A specific methodology is applied for each road traffic externality and translated in a single factor – external cost. The results indicated that road crashes presented the largest share in the partly rural/urban route while GHG emissions had the highest contribution in external costs for the highway routes. Also, the distribution of external cost component varied according to the type of road, mostly due to different levels of exposed inhabitants. This paper offers a line of research that produced a method for decision-makers with a reliable and flexible cost analysis aimed at reducing the negative impacts of road traffic. It also encourages the design of eco-traffic management policies considering the perspective of drivers, commuters and population.

ACS Style

P. Fernandes; M. Vilaça; E. Macedo; C. Sampaio; B. Bahmankhah; J.M. Bandeira; C. Guarnaccia; S. Rafael; H. Relvas; C. Borrego; M.C. Coelho. Integrating road traffic externalities through a sustainability indicator. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 691, 483 -498.

AMA Style

P. Fernandes, M. Vilaça, E. Macedo, C. Sampaio, B. Bahmankhah, J.M. Bandeira, C. Guarnaccia, S. Rafael, H. Relvas, C. Borrego, M.C. Coelho. Integrating road traffic externalities through a sustainability indicator. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 691 ():483-498.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P. Fernandes; M. Vilaça; E. Macedo; C. Sampaio; B. Bahmankhah; J.M. Bandeira; C. Guarnaccia; S. Rafael; H. Relvas; C. Borrego; M.C. Coelho. 2019. "Integrating road traffic externalities through a sustainability indicator." Science of The Total Environment 691, no. : 483-498.

Journal article
Published: 24 January 2019 in Transportation Research Procedia
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This paper presents a methodology for building a link-based eco-indicator which includes different impacts of road traffic. The proposed traffic management tool can be updated in real-time through multiple information sources and translated into a cost factor to be straightforwardly applied into eco-routing algorithms and/or intelligent road pricing systems. The link-based eco-indicator has been tested in several urban and rural links of heterogeneous characteristics during peak and off-peak hours. It has been shown that both dynamic adjustment factors related to online background concentrations and/or citizen’s activity may lead to different sustainable traffic management strategies. When evaluating and comparing costs of a single link-based eco-based indicator with National Average (without taking in account people exposure) and a Vulnerability Factor (VF), the total costs using VF increase 158%. In the origin-destination routing problem performed using the distance and travel time as criteria, the costs (for off-peak hours) using VF factor are 80% and 15% higher, respectively. The results achieved in this paper highlight the importance of taking into account vulnerability of people exposure when implementing eco traffic management measures.

ACS Style

Carlos Sampaio; Jorge M. Bandeira; Eloisa Macedo; Mariana Vilaça; Claudio Guarnaccia; Bernard Friedrich; Hélder Relvas; Sandra Rafael; Vera Rodrigues; Margarida C. Coelho. A Dynamic Link-based Eco-indicator for supporting equitable traffic management strategies. Transportation Research Procedia 2019, 37, 43 -50.

AMA Style

Carlos Sampaio, Jorge M. Bandeira, Eloisa Macedo, Mariana Vilaça, Claudio Guarnaccia, Bernard Friedrich, Hélder Relvas, Sandra Rafael, Vera Rodrigues, Margarida C. Coelho. A Dynamic Link-based Eco-indicator for supporting equitable traffic management strategies. Transportation Research Procedia. 2019; 37 ():43-50.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlos Sampaio; Jorge M. Bandeira; Eloisa Macedo; Mariana Vilaça; Claudio Guarnaccia; Bernard Friedrich; Hélder Relvas; Sandra Rafael; Vera Rodrigues; Margarida C. Coelho. 2019. "A Dynamic Link-based Eco-indicator for supporting equitable traffic management strategies." Transportation Research Procedia 37, no. : 43-50.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física
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O setor de transporte é importante emissor de gases poluentes para atmosfera, sobretudo, devido ao uso de combustíveis fósseis em sua matriz energética. Em face do incentivo ao crédito nas últimas gestões do governo federal e o sucateamento do transporte público, a frota veicular das cidades brasileiras cresceu exponencialmente e, por conseguinte, as emissões de gases nocivos. Em Manaus, capital do Estado do Amazonas, esse fenômeno também se replicou. Nesse sentido, este trabalho objetivou modelar a qualidade do ar a partir das emissões de gases de efeito local da mobilidade urbana e analisar o comportamento espaço-temporal dos poluentes, de modo oferecer um instrumento balizador na construção de políticas públicas com vistas ao bem estar social. O modelo adotado foi o TAPM, considerado adequado para simulações de meso-escala em três dimensões. Este modelo contém uma base meteorológica global, com informações orográficas, entre outras, necessárias às aplicações iniciais da modelagem e foi alimentado com as estimativas de emissões calculadas pelos autores com base nos protocolos do IPCC. Os resultados apontam um comportamento de dispersão para todos os poluentes, como esperado, obedecendo a circulação atmosférica prevista, com exceção do material particulado, cuja trajetória é inversa. A distribuição horária dos poluentes é coerente com o tráfego intenso de veículos, sobretudo, nos períodos de pico e com as condições meteorológicas da região. Desta forma, pôde-se afirmar que o ozônio troposférico, gás altamente impactante na saúde humana, atravessa zonas populosas de Manaus, deslocando-se para fora da área urbana em direção ao rio Negro (Leste-Oeste). A B S T R A C TThe transport sector is an important emitter of polluting gases to the atmosphere, mainly due to the use of fossil fuels in its energy matrix. In the face of incentive to credit in the last administrations of the federal government and the scrapping of public transport, the vehicular fleet of Brazilian cities has grown exponentially and with these emissions of harmful gases. In Manaus, Amazonas state capital, this phenomenon also replied. Therefore, this study aimed to model the air quality from the emission site gases of urban mobility and analyze the spatiotemporal behavior of pollutants in order to provide a beacon instrument in the construction of public policies aiming at social welfare. The model adopted was the TAPM, considered suitable for meso-scale simulations in three dimensions. This model contains a global meteorological base, with orographic information, among others, required for the initial applications of the modeling and feded with the estimations of emissions calculated by the authors based on the IPCC protocols. The results show a behavior for all pollutants dispersion, as expected, following the atmospheric circulation, with the exception of particulate matter, whose trajectory is inversely. The hourly pollutant distribution is consistent with the heavy traffic of vehicles, especially in peak periods and with weather conditions in the region. In this way, one could say that the tropospheric ozone, highly impactful gas on human health, runs through heavily populated areas of Manaus, moving out of the urban area towards the Negro river (East-West).Key words: Atmospheric pollution; Urban mobility; Local Effect Gases; Ozone Tropospheric.

ACS Style

Jurandir Moura Dutra; Helder Relvas; Geise De Goes Canalez; Heitor Pinheiro; Andrea Waichman; Myriam Lopes. Análise de Deslocamento dos Poluentes de Emissões na Cidade de Manaus, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 2019, 12, 039 -056.

AMA Style

Jurandir Moura Dutra, Helder Relvas, Geise De Goes Canalez, Heitor Pinheiro, Andrea Waichman, Myriam Lopes. Análise de Deslocamento dos Poluentes de Emissões na Cidade de Manaus, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física. 2019; 12 (1):039-056.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jurandir Moura Dutra; Helder Relvas; Geise De Goes Canalez; Heitor Pinheiro; Andrea Waichman; Myriam Lopes. 2019. "Análise de Deslocamento dos Poluentes de Emissões na Cidade de Manaus, Brasil." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 12, no. 1: 039-056.

Article
Published: 12 September 2018 in Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health
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Urban mobility accounts for 38 and 19% of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions at European urban areas, respectively. Despite of all the technological development around automobile industry, urban areas are still facing problems related to exposure to high levels of air pollutants. Increasing the accuracy of both emissions and air quality modelling from road traffic is a key-issue for the management of air pollution in road transport sector. This study assessed the influence of using different road traffic emission models on the accuracy of air quality modelling with street-level resolution, having as a case study an urban area located on the centre region of Portugal. Two emission models, with different complexity levels regarding the ability to characterise the traffic dynamics were analysed, namely, transport emission model for line sources (TREM) and vehicle-specific power (VSP), based on data obtained in an experimental campaign. To perform the air quality simulations, the pollutant dispersion in the atmosphere under variable wind conditions (VADIS) model was used and two pollutants were analysed: NOx and PM10. The results showed that the magnitude of PM10 and NOx concentrations were result of a conjoint influence of traffic dynamics and meteorological conditions. Comparison between measured and modelled data showed that the VADIS model could track the evolution of NOx levels, for both emission models considered, displaying a high correlation (> 0.8) between traffic-related NOx emissions and NOx concentrations. For PM10, VADIS model is more sensitive to the differences in the emissions calculation; however, it was observed that the traffic-related PM10 emissions accounts 1.3–8.4% to the PM10 concentration levels at the study area.

ACS Style

Bruno Vicente; Sandra Rafael; Vera Rodrigues; Hélder Relvas; Mariana Vilaça; João Teixeira; Jorge Bandeira; Margarida Coelho; Carlos Borrego. Influence of different complexity levels of road traffic models on air quality modelling at street scale. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2018, 11, 1217 -1232.

AMA Style

Bruno Vicente, Sandra Rafael, Vera Rodrigues, Hélder Relvas, Mariana Vilaça, João Teixeira, Jorge Bandeira, Margarida Coelho, Carlos Borrego. Influence of different complexity levels of road traffic models on air quality modelling at street scale. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2018; 11 (10):1217-1232.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bruno Vicente; Sandra Rafael; Vera Rodrigues; Hélder Relvas; Mariana Vilaça; João Teixeira; Jorge Bandeira; Margarida Coelho; Carlos Borrego. 2018. "Influence of different complexity levels of road traffic models on air quality modelling at street scale." Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 11, no. 10: 1217-1232.

Article
Published: 09 August 2018 in Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health
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Current air quality legislation in Europe will lead to substantial air quality improvements, but without further emission control efforts, the most critical hotspots will persist, with important impacts on the environment and human health. Integrated assessment models (IAM) can be applied to local and regional scale to support the assessment of mitigation opportunities and decision-making process. The mitigation measures need to be sustainable, and subsequently, social, economic, and environmental factors need to be balanced. This paper proposes the use of the well-known DPSIR framework, which is composed by Driving forces, Pressures, State, Impacts, and Responses. The urban area of Porto (Northern Portugal) is the selected case study, and DPSIR radar charts are used to easily compare different IAM approaches and help researchers and policy-makers to achieve the objective of air quality improvement. Results indicate that the MAPLIA system based on scenario approach and the RIAT+ system based on optimization approach provide more detailed and comprehensive information, namely concerning health (Impacts), then the previously designed Porto’s air quality plans.

ACS Style

Helder Relvas; Ana Miranda. Application of the DPSIR framework to air quality approaches. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2018, 11, 1069 -1079.

AMA Style

Helder Relvas, Ana Miranda. Application of the DPSIR framework to air quality approaches. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2018; 11 (9):1069-1079.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Helder Relvas; Ana Miranda. 2018. "Application of the DPSIR framework to air quality approaches." Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 11, no. 9: 1069-1079.

Article
Published: 24 June 2018 in Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health
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Very few studies related with the assessment and research of air pollutants have been initiated in Algiers, which is the political and economic capital of Algeria. This lack of studies is mainly due to the non-access and insufficiency of data, and also the failure of the air quality monitoring stations during the last years. For those reasons, the use of modeling tools can be useful to assess the air pollution levels and compare different control options. The main aim of this paper is to identify anthropogenic emission sources (road traffic, industrial, residential, and waste) which are considered key sources of air pollution in the greater Algiers, and to estimate the concentration levels of suspended particles with diameter ˂ 10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over the studied area during 2012. For this purpose, The Air Pollution Model (TAPM) was used. The results indicate that meteorology statistical measures present a perfect agreement between measured and predicted values. The index of agreement (IOA) for wind speed and its components is above 0.65, for temperature is 0.99, while for the air pollution, the comparison of predicted concentrations with measured ones shows similar results. The maximum concentration levels for PM10 (122 μg/m3) and for NO2 (91 μg/m3) are higher than the values established by national and international legislation, and the industrial districts are more affected by air pollution than the urban areas.

ACS Style

Dalila Belhout; Rabah Kerbachi; Helder Relvas; Ana Miranda. Air quality assessment in Algiers city. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2018, 11, 897 -906.

AMA Style

Dalila Belhout, Rabah Kerbachi, Helder Relvas, Ana Miranda. Air quality assessment in Algiers city. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2018; 11 (8):897-906.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dalila Belhout; Rabah Kerbachi; Helder Relvas; Ana Miranda. 2018. "Air quality assessment in Algiers city." Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 11, no. 8: 897-906.

Proceedings article
Published: 19 June 2018 in Air Pollution XXVI
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Helder Relvas; Joana Ferreira; Diogo Lopes; Sandra Rafael; S. Marta Almeida; Ana Miranda. IMPROVING AIR QUALITY AND HUMAN HEALTH: AN APPROACH BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS. Air Pollution XXVI 2018, 230, 205 -212.

AMA Style

Helder Relvas, Joana Ferreira, Diogo Lopes, Sandra Rafael, S. Marta Almeida, Ana Miranda. IMPROVING AIR QUALITY AND HUMAN HEALTH: AN APPROACH BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS. Air Pollution XXVI. 2018; 230 ():205-212.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Helder Relvas; Joana Ferreira; Diogo Lopes; Sandra Rafael; S. Marta Almeida; Ana Miranda. 2018. "IMPROVING AIR QUALITY AND HUMAN HEALTH: AN APPROACH BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS." Air Pollution XXVI 230, no. : 205-212.

Article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health
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This paper describes the design and application of a modeling system capable of rapidly supporting decision-makers regarding urban air quality strategies, in particular, providing emission and concentration maps, as well as external costs (mortality and morbidity) due to air pollution, and total implementation costs of improvement measures. Results from a chemical transport model are used to train artificial neural networks and link emission of pollutant precursors and urban air quality. A ranking of different emission scenarios is done based on multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), which includes economic and social aspects. The Integrated Urban Air Pollution Assessment Model (IUAPAM) was applied to the Porto city (Portugal) and results show that it is possible to reduce the number of premature deaths per year attributable to particulate matter (PM10), from 1300 to 1240 (5%), with an investment of 0.64 M€/year, based on fireplace replacements.

ACS Style

H. Relvas; A. I. Miranda. An urban air quality modeling system to support decision-making: design and implementation. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 2018, 11, 815 -824.

AMA Style

H. Relvas, A. I. Miranda. An urban air quality modeling system to support decision-making: design and implementation. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2018; 11 (7):815-824.

Chicago/Turabian Style

H. Relvas; A. I. Miranda. 2018. "An urban air quality modeling system to support decision-making: design and implementation." Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health 11, no. 7: 815-824.

Book chapter
Published: 14 February 2018 in Computational Fluid Dynamics - Basic Instruments and Applications in Science
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Adaptation to Climate Change at Local Scale: A CFD Study in Porto Urban Area | InTechOpen, Published on: 2018-02-14. Authors: Vera Rodrigues, Sandra Rafael, Sandra Sorte, et

ACS Style

Vera Rodrigues; Sandra Rafael; Sandra Sorte; Silvia Coelho; Hélder Relvas; Bruno Vicente; Joana Leitao; Myriam Lopes; Ana Isabel Miranda; Carlos Borrego. Adaptation to Climate Change at Local Scale: A CFD Study in Porto Urban Area. Computational Fluid Dynamics - Basic Instruments and Applications in Science 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Vera Rodrigues, Sandra Rafael, Sandra Sorte, Silvia Coelho, Hélder Relvas, Bruno Vicente, Joana Leitao, Myriam Lopes, Ana Isabel Miranda, Carlos Borrego. Adaptation to Climate Change at Local Scale: A CFD Study in Porto Urban Area. Computational Fluid Dynamics - Basic Instruments and Applications in Science. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vera Rodrigues; Sandra Rafael; Sandra Sorte; Silvia Coelho; Hélder Relvas; Bruno Vicente; Joana Leitao; Myriam Lopes; Ana Isabel Miranda; Carlos Borrego. 2018. "Adaptation to Climate Change at Local Scale: A CFD Study in Porto Urban Area." Computational Fluid Dynamics - Basic Instruments and Applications in Science , no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 10 April 2017 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The use of modelling tools to support decision-makers to plan air quality policies is now quite widespread in Europe. In this paper, the Regional Integrated Assessment Tool (RIAT+), which was designed to support policy-maker decision on optimal emission reduction measures to improve air quality at minimum costs, is applied to the Porto Urban Area (Portugal). In addition to technological measures, some local measures were included in the optimization process. Case study results are presented for a multi-objective approach focused on both NO2 and PM10 control measures, assuming equivalent importance in the optimization process. The optimal set of air quality measures is capable to reduce simultaneously the annual average concentrations values of PM10 and NO2 in 1.7 and 1.0 μg/m3, respectively. This paper illustrates how the tool could be used to prioritize policy objectives and help making informed decisions about reducing air pollution and improving public health.

ACS Style

Helder Relvas; Ana Miranda; Claudio Carnevale; Giuseppe Maffeis; Enrico Turrini; Marialuisa Volta. Optimal air quality policies and health: a multi-objective nonlinear approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2017, 24, 13687 -13699.

AMA Style

Helder Relvas, Ana Miranda, Claudio Carnevale, Giuseppe Maffeis, Enrico Turrini, Marialuisa Volta. Optimal air quality policies and health: a multi-objective nonlinear approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2017; 24 (15):13687-13699.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Helder Relvas; Ana Miranda; Claudio Carnevale; Giuseppe Maffeis; Enrico Turrini; Marialuisa Volta. 2017. "Optimal air quality policies and health: a multi-objective nonlinear approach." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, no. 15: 13687-13699.

Chapter
Published: 24 November 2016 in Internet of Things for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring
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To evaluate in practice how IAM can be used to formulate and improve current air quality plans, this chapter reports on the application of one of the existing IAM tools, to two test cases: one for the Brussels Capital Region in Belgium and the other to the region of Porto in the North of Portugal. The two cases are representative for the two options that are available for the decision pathway in the IAM framework as presented in Chap. 2: the scenario evaluation and the optimisation. Before presenting the peculiarities and the results obtained for the two test cases, this chapter briefly describes the specific features of the IAM tool used, namely RIAT+.

ACS Style

C. Carnevale; F. Ferrari; R. Gianfreda; G. Guariso; S. Janssen; G. Maffeis; A. I. Miranda; A. Pederzoli; H. Relvas; P. Thunis; E. Turrini; P. Viaene; P. Valkering; M. Volta. Two Illustrative Examples: Brussels and Porto. Internet of Things for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring 2016, 85 -104.

AMA Style

C. Carnevale, F. Ferrari, R. Gianfreda, G. Guariso, S. Janssen, G. Maffeis, A. I. Miranda, A. Pederzoli, H. Relvas, P. Thunis, E. Turrini, P. Viaene, P. Valkering, M. Volta. Two Illustrative Examples: Brussels and Porto. Internet of Things for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring. 2016; ():85-104.

Chicago/Turabian Style

C. Carnevale; F. Ferrari; R. Gianfreda; G. Guariso; S. Janssen; G. Maffeis; A. I. Miranda; A. Pederzoli; H. Relvas; P. Thunis; E. Turrini; P. Viaene; P. Valkering; M. Volta. 2016. "Two Illustrative Examples: Brussels and Porto." Internet of Things for Indoor Air Quality Monitoring , no. : 85-104.

Book chapter
Published: 24 November 2016 in Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications
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This chapter provides a review, derived from the extended survey conducted within the APPRAISAL project, of the integrated assessment methodologies used in different countries to design air quality plans and to estimate the effects of emission abatement policy options on human health.

ACS Style

Claudio Alejandro Belis; J. Baldasano; N. Blond; C. Bouland; J. Buekers; C. Carnevale; A. Cherubini; A. Clappier; E. De Saeger; J. Douros; Giovanna Finzi; E. Fragkou; Carla Gama; A. Graff; G. Guariso; S. Janssen; Katarzyna Juda-Rezler; N. Karvosenoja; G. Maffeis; Alberto Martilli; S. Mills; Ana Miranda; N. Moussiopoulos; Z. Nahorski; E. Pisoni; J.-L. Ponche; M. Rasoloharimahefa; E. Real; Magdalena Reizer; Helder Relvas; D. Roncolato; M. Tainio; P. Thunis; P. Viaene; Christos Vlachokostas; M. Volta; L. White. Current European AQ Planning at Regional and Local Scale. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications 2016, 37 -68.

AMA Style

Claudio Alejandro Belis, J. Baldasano, N. Blond, C. Bouland, J. Buekers, C. Carnevale, A. Cherubini, A. Clappier, E. De Saeger, J. Douros, Giovanna Finzi, E. Fragkou, Carla Gama, A. Graff, G. Guariso, S. Janssen, Katarzyna Juda-Rezler, N. Karvosenoja, G. Maffeis, Alberto Martilli, S. Mills, Ana Miranda, N. Moussiopoulos, Z. Nahorski, E. Pisoni, J.-L. Ponche, M. Rasoloharimahefa, E. Real, Magdalena Reizer, Helder Relvas, D. Roncolato, M. Tainio, P. Thunis, P. Viaene, Christos Vlachokostas, M. Volta, L. White. Current European AQ Planning at Regional and Local Scale. Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications. 2016; ():37-68.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Claudio Alejandro Belis; J. Baldasano; N. Blond; C. Bouland; J. Buekers; C. Carnevale; A. Cherubini; A. Clappier; E. De Saeger; J. Douros; Giovanna Finzi; E. Fragkou; Carla Gama; A. Graff; G. Guariso; S. Janssen; Katarzyna Juda-Rezler; N. Karvosenoja; G. Maffeis; Alberto Martilli; S. Mills; Ana Miranda; N. Moussiopoulos; Z. Nahorski; E. Pisoni; J.-L. Ponche; M. Rasoloharimahefa; E. Real; Magdalena Reizer; Helder Relvas; D. Roncolato; M. Tainio; P. Thunis; P. Viaene; Christos Vlachokostas; M. Volta; L. White. 2016. "Current European AQ Planning at Regional and Local Scale." Tunable Low-Power Low-Noise Amplifier for Healthcare Applications , no. : 37-68.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2016 in Environmental Science & Policy
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Air pollution Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) can be used for determining how emissions should be reduced to improve air quality and to protect human health in a cost-efficient way. The application of IAM is also useful to spread information to the general public and to explain the effectiveness of proposed Air Quality Plans. In this paper, the application of the RIAT+ system to determine suitable abatement measures to improve the air quality at a regional/local level is presented for two European cases: the Brussels Capital Region (Belgium) and the Porto Urban Area (Portugal). Both regions are affected with PM10 or NO2 concentrations that exceed the limit values specified by the European Union legislation. To properly assess air quality abatement measures a surrogate model was used, allowing the implementation of an efficient optimization procedure. This model is derived in both cases through a set of simulations performed using a Chemistry Transport Model fed with different emission reduction scenarios. In addition, internal costs (due to the implementation of emission reduction measures) and external costs (due to population exposure to air pollutant concentrations) of policy options were considered. The application of this integrated assessment modelling system in scenario (Brussels case) and optimization (Porto) modes contributes to identifying some advantages and limitations of these two approaches and also provides some guidance when urban air quality has to be assessed.

ACS Style

A.I. Miranda; H. Relvas; P. Viaene; S. Janssen; O. Brasseur; C. Carnevale; P. Declerck; G. Maffeis; E. Turrini; M. Volta. Applying integrated assessment methodologies to air quality plans: Two European cases. Environmental Science & Policy 2016, 65, 29 -38.

AMA Style

A.I. Miranda, H. Relvas, P. Viaene, S. Janssen, O. Brasseur, C. Carnevale, P. Declerck, G. Maffeis, E. Turrini, M. Volta. Applying integrated assessment methodologies to air quality plans: Two European cases. Environmental Science & Policy. 2016; 65 ():29-38.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A.I. Miranda; H. Relvas; P. Viaene; S. Janssen; O. Brasseur; C. Carnevale; P. Declerck; G. Maffeis; E. Turrini; M. Volta. 2016. "Applying integrated assessment methodologies to air quality plans: Two European cases." Environmental Science & Policy 65, no. : 29-38.