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The aim of this study was to apply modern analytical tools, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method (LC-MS/MS), for identification and quantitation of Alternaria metabolites in maize samples. Maize samples were collected from the main maize-producing regions (Bačka, Banat, and Srem) of the Republic of Serbia during two harvest seasons (2016 and 2017). The most commonly detected Alternaria toxin in maize samples from both years was tenuazonic acid. On the other hand, determined mean concentrations of quantified tenuazonic acid were significantly higher in maize samples from Banat from both maize growing seasons in comparison to its concentrations in maize samples from Bačka and Srem. As a consequence of influence of microclimate conditions in investigated regions, the highest percentages of contaminated maize samples by Alternaria toxins, in both the years 2016 and 2017, were 48% and 47%, respectively from Srem, while the lowest percentages of 29% and 23%, respectively were found in Bačka. Novelty impact statement The main novelty of this study is achieved through increased knowledge and creation of one of the few database from this part of Europe regarding the frequencies of occurrence of “emerging” Alternaria toxins in maize, depending on weather conditions and some of the applied agrotechnical measures during a two-year period.
Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Lato Pezo; Bojana Radić; Alexandra Malachová; Rudolf Krska; Michael Sulyok. Presence of Alternaria toxins in maize from Republic of Serbia during 2016–2017. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 2021, e15827 .
AMA StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal, Jovana Kos, Lato Pezo, Bojana Radić, Alexandra Malachová, Rudolf Krska, Michael Sulyok. Presence of Alternaria toxins in maize from Republic of Serbia during 2016–2017. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 2021; ():e15827.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Lato Pezo; Bojana Radić; Alexandra Malachová; Rudolf Krska; Michael Sulyok. 2021. "Presence of Alternaria toxins in maize from Republic of Serbia during 2016–2017." Journal of Food Processing and Preservation , no. : e15827.
Jovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Birgit Poschmaier; Michael Sulyok. Corrigendum to “Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Republic of Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 1: Regulated mycotoxins and its derivatives” [Food Chem. 312 (2020) 126034]. Food Chemistry 2021, 355, 129615 .
AMA StyleJovana Kos, Elizabet Janić Hajnal, Alexandra Malachová, David Steiner, Milena Stranska, Rudolf Krska, Birgit Poschmaier, Michael Sulyok. Corrigendum to “Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Republic of Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 1: Regulated mycotoxins and its derivatives” [Food Chem. 312 (2020) 126034]. Food Chemistry. 2021; 355 ():129615.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Birgit Poschmaier; Michael Sulyok. 2021. "Corrigendum to “Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Republic of Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 1: Regulated mycotoxins and its derivatives” [Food Chem. 312 (2020) 126034]." Food Chemistry 355, no. : 129615.
Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Michael Sulyok. Corrigendum to “Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 2: Non-regulated mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites” [Food Chemistry 317 (2020) 126409]. Food Chemistry 2021, 353, 129524 .
AMA StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal, Jovana Kos, Alexandra Malachová, David Steiner, Milena Stranska, Rudolf Krska, Michael Sulyok. Corrigendum to “Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 2: Non-regulated mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites” [Food Chemistry 317 (2020) 126409]. Food Chemistry. 2021; 353 ():129524.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Michael Sulyok. 2021. "Corrigendum to “Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 2: Non-regulated mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites” [Food Chemistry 317 (2020) 126409]." Food Chemistry 353, no. : 129524.
The aim of this study was to investigate the fate of the most common Alternaria toxins found in wheat—tenuazonic acid (TeA), alternariol (AOH), and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) during sourdough processing. For this purpose, spiked whole wheat flour, 3% sourdough starter, 0.5% of baker’s yeast, and 105% of water calculated on flour weight as a base were used as raw materials. Spiked whole wheat dough was fermented for 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h at 25 °C, and at each point the fermented dough samples were taken, frozen, lyophilized, grounded, and stored until further analysis. To study the effect of sourdough processing on TeA, AOH and AME content, the validated method of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for these mycotoxins was used. Mathematical models of Alternaria toxins reduction were developed in the form of Four Parameter Logistic Regression function. The maximum reduction of TeA, AOH, and AME levels was archived at 48 h of dough fermentation at 25 °C compared with dough after kneading (0 h). Under these conditions, a reduction of the toxin levels of 60.3 %, 41.5%, and 24.1% was observed for TeA, AOH, and AME, respectively.
Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Lato Pezo; Dejan Orčić; Ljubiša Šarić; Dragana Plavšić; Jovana Kos; Jasna Mastilović. Preliminary Survey of Alternaria Toxins Reduction during Fermentation of Whole Wheat Dough. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 303 .
AMA StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal, Lato Pezo, Dejan Orčić, Ljubiša Šarić, Dragana Plavšić, Jovana Kos, Jasna Mastilović. Preliminary Survey of Alternaria Toxins Reduction during Fermentation of Whole Wheat Dough. Microorganisms. 2020; 8 (2):303.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal; Lato Pezo; Dejan Orčić; Ljubiša Šarić; Dragana Plavšić; Jovana Kos; Jasna Mastilović. 2020. "Preliminary Survey of Alternaria Toxins Reduction during Fermentation of Whole Wheat Dough." Microorganisms 8, no. 2: 303.
The main objective of this study was to screen, for the first time, the natural occurrence of non-regulated fungal metabolites in 204 maize samples harvested in Serbia in maize growing seasons with extreme drought (2012), extreme precipitation and flood (2014) and moderate drought conditions (2013 and 2015). In total, 109 non-regulated fungal metabolites were detected in examined samples, whereby each sample was contaminated between 13 and 55 non-regulated fungal metabolites. Moniliformin and beauvericin occurred in all samples collected from each year. In samples from year 2012, oxaline, questiomycin A, cyclo (l-Pro-l-Val), cyclo (l-Pro-l-Tyr), bikaverin, kojic acid and 3-nitropropionic acid were the most predominant (98.0–100%). All samples from 2014 were contaminated with 7-hydroxypestalotin, 15-hydroxyculmorin, culmorin, butenolid and aurofusarin. Bikaverin and oxaline were quantified in 100% samples from 2013 and 2015, while 3-nitropropionic acid additionally occurred in 100% samples from 2015.
Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Michael Sulyok. Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 2: Non-regulated mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites. Food Chemistry 2020, 317, 126409 .
AMA StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal, Jovana Kos, Alexandra Malachová, David Steiner, Milena Stranska, Rudolf Krska, Michael Sulyok. Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 2: Non-regulated mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites. Food Chemistry. 2020; 317 ():126409.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Michael Sulyok. 2020. "Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 2: Non-regulated mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites." Food Chemistry 317, no. : 126409.
The main objective of this study was to apply a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method to investigate the presence of 20 mycotoxins in 204 maize samples harvested in Northern Serbia in the period 2012–2015, including seasons with extreme drought (2012), hot and dry conditions (2013 and 2015) and extreme precipitation (2014). Between 2 and 20 mycotoxins contaminated examined samples. In samples collected from each year, all of six examined fumonisins were detected with very high prevalence (from 76% to 100%). Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 94% and 90% maize samples from 2012 and 2015, respectively. In samples from year 2014, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and its derivatives were detected in 100% of samples. Furthermore, ochratoxin A (25%) was the most predominant in samples from 2012. The obtained results indicate that changes in weather conditions, recorded in the period of four years, had significant influence on the occurrence of examined mycotoxins in maize.
Jovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Birgit Poschmaier; Michael Sulyok. Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Republic of Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 1: Regulated mycotoxins and its derivatives. Food Chemistry 2019, 312, 126034 .
AMA StyleJovana Kos, Elizabet Janić Hajnal, Alexandra Malachová, David Steiner, Milena Stranska, Rudolf Krska, Birgit Poschmaier, Michael Sulyok. Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Republic of Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 1: Regulated mycotoxins and its derivatives. Food Chemistry. 2019; 312 ():126034.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Alexandra Malachová; David Steiner; Milena Stranska; Rudolf Krska; Birgit Poschmaier; Michael Sulyok. 2019. "Mycotoxins in maize harvested in Republic of Serbia in the period 2012–2015. Part 1: Regulated mycotoxins and its derivatives." Food Chemistry 312, no. : 126034.
Beside Fusarium toxins, Alternaria toxins are among the most commonly found mycotoxins in wheat and wheat products. Currently, investigations of possibilities of reduction of Alternaria toxins in the wheat-processing chain are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the potency of cold atmospheric plasma treatments, as a new non-thermal approach, for reduction of alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) and tentoxin (TEN) content in spiked white wheat flour samples. Samples were treated with plasma generated in the air during 30 s to 180 s, with an increment step of 30 s, and at four varying distances from the cold plasma source (6 mm, 21 mm, 36 mm and 51 mm). The reduction of the Alternaria toxins content in samples after treatment was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The maximum reduction of the examined Alternaria toxins was obtained by treatment performed at 6 mm distance from the plasma source, lasting 180 s, resulting in reductions of 60.6%, 73.8% and 54.5% for AOH, AME and TEN, respectively. According to the obtained experimental results, five empirical models in the form of the second-order polynomials were developed for the prediction of AOH, AME and TEN reduction, as well as the temperature and the moisture content of the wheat flour, that gave a good fit to experimental data and were able to predict the response variables successfully. The developed second-order polynomial models showed high coefficients of determination for prediction of experimental results (between 0.918 and 0.961).
Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Milan Vukić; Lato Pezo; Dejan Orčić; Nevena Puač; Nikola Škoro; Ardea Milidrag; Dragana Šoronja Simović. Effect of Atmospheric Cold Plasma Treatments on Reduction of Alternaria Toxins Content in Wheat Flour. Toxins 2019, 11, 704 .
AMA StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal, Milan Vukić, Lato Pezo, Dejan Orčić, Nevena Puač, Nikola Škoro, Ardea Milidrag, Dragana Šoronja Simović. Effect of Atmospheric Cold Plasma Treatments on Reduction of Alternaria Toxins Content in Wheat Flour. Toxins. 2019; 11 (12):704.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal; Milan Vukić; Lato Pezo; Dejan Orčić; Nevena Puač; Nikola Škoro; Ardea Milidrag; Dragana Šoronja Simović. 2019. "Effect of Atmospheric Cold Plasma Treatments on Reduction of Alternaria Toxins Content in Wheat Flour." Toxins 11, no. 12: 704.
Aleksandra Torbica; Dubravka Škrobot; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Miona Belović; Na Zhang. Sensory and physico-chemical properties of wholegrain wheat bread prepared with selected food by-products. LWT 2019, 114, 1 .
AMA StyleAleksandra Torbica, Dubravka Škrobot, Elizabet Janić Hajnal, Miona Belović, Na Zhang. Sensory and physico-chemical properties of wholegrain wheat bread prepared with selected food by-products. LWT. 2019; 114 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAleksandra Torbica; Dubravka Škrobot; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Miona Belović; Na Zhang. 2019. "Sensory and physico-chemical properties of wholegrain wheat bread prepared with selected food by-products." LWT 114, no. : 1.
Mycotoxins are known worldwide as fungus-produced toxins that adulterate a wide heterogeneity of raw feed ingredients and final products. Consumption of mycotoxins-contaminated feed causes a plethora of harmful responses from acute toxicity to many persistent health disorders with lethal outcomes; such as mycotoxicosis when ingested by animals. Therefore, the main task for feed producers is to minimize the concentration of mycotoxin by applying different strategies aimed at minimizing the risk of mycotoxin effects on animals and human health. Once mycotoxins enter the production chain it is hard to eliminate or inactivate them. This paper examines the most recent findings on different processes and strategies for the reduction of toxicity of mycotoxins in animals. The review gives detailed information about the decontamination approaches to mitigate mycotoxin contamination of feedstuffs and compound feed, which could be implemented in practice.
Radmilo Čolović; Nikola Puvača; Federica Cheli; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Olivera Đuragić; Jovana Kos; Luciano Pinotti. Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed. Toxins 2019, 11, 617 .
AMA StyleRadmilo Čolović, Nikola Puvača, Federica Cheli, Giuseppina Avantaggiato, Donato Greco, Olivera Đuragić, Jovana Kos, Luciano Pinotti. Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed. Toxins. 2019; 11 (11):617.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRadmilo Čolović; Nikola Puvača; Federica Cheli; Giuseppina Avantaggiato; Donato Greco; Olivera Đuragić; Jovana Kos; Luciano Pinotti. 2019. "Decontamination of Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feedstuffs and Compound Feed." Toxins 11, no. 11: 617.
Alternaria toxins are mycotoxins produced by various Alternaria species which, besides the Fusarium species, represent the principal contaminants of wheat worldwide. As currently, only limited information on the behaviour of Alternaria toxins during processing of cereals is available, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the dry milling process of wheat on Alternaria toxins distribution. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) content were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in all milling fractions of untreated (control), fungicide-treated, Alternaria tenuissima inoculated and commercial wheat sample. After dry milling process, in last break and milling flows and by-products, increased concentration of examined Alternaria toxins was detected. TeA was quantified in almost all milling fractions in all tested wheat samples, while AOH and AME were detectable mostly in last break and milling flows and by-products. In respect to the contamination with Alternaria toxins, white flour can be considered as relatively safe product. Since Alternaria toxins are concentrated mainly in the peripheral parts of the kernel, a special attention should be given to their content in low-grade flours and milling by-products.
Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Jasna Mastilović; Ferenc Bagi; Dejan Orčić; Dragana Budakov; Jovana Kos; Zagorka Savić. Effect of Wheat Milling Process on the Distribution of Alternaria Toxins. Toxins 2019, 11, 139 .
AMA StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal, Jasna Mastilović, Ferenc Bagi, Dejan Orčić, Dragana Budakov, Jovana Kos, Zagorka Savić. Effect of Wheat Milling Process on the Distribution of Alternaria Toxins. Toxins. 2019; 11 (3):139.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal; Jasna Mastilović; Ferenc Bagi; Dejan Orčić; Dragana Budakov; Jovana Kos; Zagorka Savić. 2019. "Effect of Wheat Milling Process on the Distribution of Alternaria Toxins." Toxins 11, no. 3: 139.
In many parts of the world, the major cereal crops (maize, wheat, barley, rye and oats) are particularly susceptible to infection by Fusarium species. Moniliformin (MON) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species, most often F. proliferatum, F. avenaceum and F. subglutinans. The occurrence of MON has been recorded worldwide, with the highest detected value of 530 mg/kg in maize intended for human consumption. Limited information on toxicity in experimental and farm animals indicates haematotoxicity and cardiotoxicity as the main damaging effects of MON on human health. Its stability and fate during processing has also been poorly studied, so the degree of consumer's exposure to MON is still uncertain. This review summarizes available information on the MON chemistry, toxicity, its worldwide occurrence in cereals, methods of analysis and the potential methods for its decontamination in food and feed.
Bojana Đ. Radić; Jovana J. Kos; Sunčica D. Kocić-Tanackov; Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal; Anamarija I. Mandić. Occurrence of moniliformin in cereals. Food and Feed Research 2019, 46, 149 -159.
AMA StyleBojana Đ. Radić, Jovana J. Kos, Sunčica D. Kocić-Tanackov, Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal, Anamarija I. Mandić. Occurrence of moniliformin in cereals. Food and Feed Research. 2019; 46 (2):149-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBojana Đ. Radić; Jovana J. Kos; Sunčica D. Kocić-Tanackov; Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal; Anamarija I. Mandić. 2019. "Occurrence of moniliformin in cereals." Food and Feed Research 46, no. 2: 149-159.
Aflatoxins (AFs) are one of the most frequent contaminants in maize. The Republic of Serbia represents a leader in terms of maize production and exports in Europe. In recent years, Serbia faced climate changes. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to examine AF occurrence in 3000 maize samples collected during 2012–2016. In maize samples from 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2016, AFs were detected in 72.3%, 24.7%, 36.7%, and 5.0% of the samples, in concentration ranges of 1.0–111.2, 1.2–65.2, 1.1–76.2, and 1.3–6.9 µg kg−1, respectively. Contrary to this, in maize samples from 2014, no AFs were detected. Analysis of weather conditions indicates that 2012 was characterised by extreme drought conditions, 2013 and 2015 by lack of precipitation and high air temperatures, 2014 as the rainiest year in these years, while 2016 had moderate weather conditions.
Jovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Bojana Šarić; Pavle Jovanov; Anamarija Mandić; Olivera Đuragić; Bojana Kokić. Aflatoxins in maize harvested in the Republic of Serbia over the period 2012–2016. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B 2018, 11, 246 -255.
AMA StyleJovana Kos, Elizabet Janić Hajnal, Bojana Šarić, Pavle Jovanov, Anamarija Mandić, Olivera Đuragić, Bojana Kokić. Aflatoxins in maize harvested in the Republic of Serbia over the period 2012–2016. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B. 2018; 11 (4):246-255.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Bojana Šarić; Pavle Jovanov; Anamarija Mandić; Olivera Đuragić; Bojana Kokić. 2018. "Aflatoxins in maize harvested in the Republic of Serbia over the period 2012–2016." Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B 11, no. 4: 246-255.
Osnovni ciljevi ovog rada bili su da se ispita uticaj sedmomesečnog perioda skladištenja zrna kukuruza na pojavu aflatoksina, kao i da se ispita raspodela ukupnog broja plesni, vrste Aspergillus flavus i aflatoksina B1 u skladištenom kukuruzu. Prvi deo istraživanja obuhvatio je 700 uzoraka kukuruza, koji su sakupljani u periodu od oktobra 2012. godine do aprila 2013. godine. Pre skladištenja zrna kukuruza u silose, prisustvo aflatoksina detektovano je u čak 72% uzoraka. Tokom skladištenja kukuruza, u periodu od sedam meseci, uočene su promene u procentu kontaminiranih uzoraka, kao i u raspodeli koncentracija aflatoksina. Sa produživanjem perioda skladištenja, procenat nekontaminiranih uzoraka smanjio se sa 28% na 16%, dok se procenat uzoraka koji je sadržao aflatoksine u koncentracionom opsegu od 20 µg/kg do 50 µg/kg povećao tokom skladištenja sa 18% na 25%. U drugom delu istraživanja, ispitana su 32 uzorka zrna kukuruza iz četiri različita silosa. Dobijeni rezultati ukazali su da su plesni, A. flavus i aflatoksin B1 bili neravnomerno raspoređeni unutar svakog pojedinačnog silosa, i da su prema Dankanovom testu (p<0.05) utvrđene statistički značajne razlike za svaki ispitivani parametar. Unutar svakog silosa utvrđena je statistički značajna koorelacija (r=0.76 at p<0.05) između pojave mikobiota A. flavus i koncentracije aflatoksina B1. Rezultati dobijeni u ovom radu, kao i zabeležene klimatske promene sa kojima se Republika Srbija suočava poslednjih godina, ukazuju na stalnu potrebu za unapređenjem sistema u vezi sa prevencijom i kontrolom aflatoksina u zrnu kukuruza. Takođe, dobijeni rezultati mogu biti od velikog značaja za povećanje praktičnih znanja i veština iz navedene oblasti, kako u Srbiji, tako i u zemljama iz okruženja. zrno kukuruza; skladištenje; aflatoksini; Aspergillus flavus; ukupan broj plesni
Jovana J. Kos; Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal; Ljubiša Ć. Šarić; Dragana V. Plavšić; Vojislava P. Bursić; Gorica Lj. Vuković; Jasmina M. Lazarević. Influence of storage period on occurrence and distribution of aflatoxins and fungi in maize kernels. Food and Feed Research 2018, 45, 97 -106.
AMA StyleJovana J. Kos, Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal, Ljubiša Ć. Šarić, Dragana V. Plavšić, Vojislava P. Bursić, Gorica Lj. Vuković, Jasmina M. Lazarević. Influence of storage period on occurrence and distribution of aflatoxins and fungi in maize kernels. Food and Feed Research. 2018; 45 (7):97-106.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana J. Kos; Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal; Ljubiša Ć. Šarić; Dragana V. Plavšić; Vojislava P. Bursić; Gorica Lj. Vuković; Jasmina M. Lazarević. 2018. "Influence of storage period on occurrence and distribution of aflatoxins and fungi in maize kernels." Food and Feed Research 45, no. 7: 97-106.
In recent years climate changes recorded in temperate regions of Europe have led to aflatoxin (AF) contamination of maize. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of weather conditions on levels of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) in 180 maize samples collected from the main maize-growing regions (Western Bačka, North Banat, South Banat and Central Serbia) in Serbia after harvest in 2015. The concentrations of AFs were determined by a validated HPLC method with post-column derivatisation and fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). The presence of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 was detected in 57.2%, 13.9%, 5.6% and 2.8% of maize samples in the concentration ranges of 1.3–88.8 µg kg–1, 0.60–2.8 µg kg–1, 1.8–28.5 µg kg–1 and 2.1–7.5 µg kg–1 respectively. The recorded smaller amount of precipitation and especially higher air temperatures during the summer of 2015 were favourable for AF production, which resulted in 32.2% and 21.1% of samples being unsuitable for human consumption, since AFB1 and the sum of AFs concentrations were above 5.0 and 10.0 µg kg–1 respectively. Furthermore, the findings in this study indicate that the microclimate conditions in the investigated regions had a great influence on the contamination frequency of maize with AFs. The highest percentage of samples unsuitable for human consumption, considering both AFB1 and total AFs content were 72.5% and 51.5% respectively from Central Serbia, whilst the lowest percentages of 15.6% and 6.2% respectively were found in Western Bačka. These findings confirmed that maize should be continuously monitored in order to protect human and animal health from the harmful effects caused by AFs contamination.
Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Jelena Krulj; Saša Krstović; Igor Jajić; Lato Pezo; Bojana Šarić; Nataša Nedeljković. Aflatoxins contamination of maize in Serbia: the impact of weather conditions in 2015. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 2017, 34, 1999 -2010.
AMA StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal, Jovana Kos, Jelena Krulj, Saša Krstović, Igor Jajić, Lato Pezo, Bojana Šarić, Nataša Nedeljković. Aflatoxins contamination of maize in Serbia: the impact of weather conditions in 2015. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A. 2017; 34 (11):1999-2010.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabet Janić Hajnal; Jovana Kos; Jelena Krulj; Saša Krstović; Igor Jajić; Lato Pezo; Bojana Šarić; Nataša Nedeljković. 2017. "Aflatoxins contamination of maize in Serbia: the impact of weather conditions in 2015." Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 34, no. 11: 1999-2010.
Jovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Bojana Šarić; Pavle Jovanov; Nataša Nedeljković; Ivan Milovanović; Jelena Krulj. The influence of climate conditions on the occurrence of deoxynivalenol in maize harvested in Serbia during 2013–2015. Food Control 2017, 73, 734 -740.
AMA StyleJovana Kos, Elizabet Janić Hajnal, Bojana Šarić, Pavle Jovanov, Nataša Nedeljković, Ivan Milovanović, Jelena Krulj. The influence of climate conditions on the occurrence of deoxynivalenol in maize harvested in Serbia during 2013–2015. Food Control. 2017; 73 ():734-740.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Bojana Šarić; Pavle Jovanov; Nataša Nedeljković; Ivan Milovanović; Jelena Krulj. 2017. "The influence of climate conditions on the occurrence of deoxynivalenol in maize harvested in Serbia during 2013–2015." Food Control 73, no. : 734-740.
The presence of aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisins (FUMs) was examined in maize samples from the Republic of Serbia. The maize samples were collected during the period 2012-2016, and analyzed every year after harvest using validated Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. The obtained results were considered regarding the weather conditions parameters recorded during the investigated maize growing seasons. Significant differences in weather-related parameters recorded in the five-year period resulted in different mycotoxin profiles between the investigated years. Obtained results indicate that the presence of ZEA and DON in maize is characteristic of years with abundant precipitation, while AFs and OTA mainly occur in maize during hot and dry years. Furthermore, FUMs were detected with different contamination frequency in maize samples from every year. Based on the findings obtained in this study, as well as on noted changes in weather conditions in the recent years it could be assumed that maize from Serbia may become susceptible to problems concerning mycotoxins. Therefore, there is a necessity for monitoring and research related to the mycotoxins occurrence in maize from Serbia.
Jovana J. Kos; Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal; Anamarija I. Mandić; Olivera Djuragic; Pavle T. Jovanov; Ivan L. Milovanović. Mycotoxins in maize: Annual variations and the impact of climate change. Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke 2017, 63 -70.
AMA StyleJovana J. Kos, Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal, Anamarija I. Mandić, Olivera Djuragic, Pavle T. Jovanov, Ivan L. Milovanović. Mycotoxins in maize: Annual variations and the impact of climate change. Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke. 2017; (133):63-70.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana J. Kos; Elizabet P. Janić-Hajnal; Anamarija I. Mandić; Olivera Djuragic; Pavle T. Jovanov; Ivan L. Milovanović. 2017. "Mycotoxins in maize: Annual variations and the impact of climate change." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke , no. 133: 63-70.
Nakon što je Evropska unija ograničila korišćenje neonikotinoida na cvetnim usevima koje pčele posećuju, došlo je do povećanog interesovanja za utvrđivanje ostataka neonikotinoida u pčelinjim proizvodima poput meda. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio razvoj analitičkih metoda, zasnovanih na tečnoj hromatografiji, korišćenjem dve tehnike za pripremu uzoraka, za određivanje odabranih neonikotinoida u uzorcima meda. Priprema uzoraka meda za analizu odabranih neonikotinoida ostvarena je optimizacijom dve tehnike pripreme čime je potrvđeno da one ispunjavaju uslove propisane u SANCO/12571/2013 standardu za validaciju, obezbeđujući rezultate za tačnost (R, 70-120%), ponovljivost (RSD, <20%) i unutar-laboratorijsku reproduktivnost (RSD, < 20%), kao i granicu detekcije (LOD, 2.5-5.0 μg kg-1) i kvantifikacije (LOQ, 7.5-10.0 μg kg-1 ) korišćenjem DAD detektora. Aplikativnost metoda je potvrđena na više od 100 uzoraka meda različitog cvetnog porekla (suncokretovog, lipinog, bagremovog i livadskog meda), prikupljenih iz 7 okruga Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine, čijom analizom je ustanovljeno prisustvo određenih neonikotinoida, što je ukazalo na neophodnost permanentne kontrole ove vrste namirnica na ostatke pesticida. neonikotinoidi; tečna hromatografija; DLLME; QuEChERS; med
Pavle Jovanov; Marijana Sakac; Bojana Saric; Ivan Milovanovic; Dubravka Jambrec; Ljubisa Saric; Jovana Kos. Revised paper: Neonicotinoids as a potential threat to honey: Development of liquid chromatography methods for their determination. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 2017, 21, 53 -55.
AMA StylePavle Jovanov, Marijana Sakac, Bojana Saric, Ivan Milovanovic, Dubravka Jambrec, Ljubisa Saric, Jovana Kos. Revised paper: Neonicotinoids as a potential threat to honey: Development of liquid chromatography methods for their determination. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture. 2017; 21 (2):53-55.
Chicago/Turabian StylePavle Jovanov; Marijana Sakac; Bojana Saric; Ivan Milovanovic; Dubravka Jambrec; Ljubisa Saric; Jovana Kos. 2017. "Revised paper: Neonicotinoids as a potential threat to honey: Development of liquid chromatography methods for their determination." Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 21, no. 2: 53-55.
Aflatoxins (AFs), fumonisins (FUMs), zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) have been recognized as major contaminants of maize. Therefore, the presence of AFs, ZEA, DON and FUMs was examined in a total of 100 maize samples from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Sample analyses were performed using the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay method. The results obtained indicate that 74 % of the maize samples were contaminated with FUMs (540.1-5076 μg/kg), followed by 52 % contaminated with DON (275.2-882.1 μg/kg), 15 % contaminated with ZEA (35.6-183.5 μg/kg) and 5 % contaminated with AFs (2.28-4.31 μg/kg). Although 78 % of the samples were contaminated with at least one mycotoxin, the concentration of FUMs exceed the maximum level (ML) proscribed by the Serbian regulations only in 4 % of the samples. Furthermore, the detected concentrations of AFs, ZEA and DON were in accordance with national regulations. This study is the first research of its kind on the presence of AFs, ZEA, DON and FUMs in maize harvested in the APV in 2016.
Jovana Kos; Radmilo Čolović; Djuro Vukmirovic; Olivera Djuragic; Vojislava Bursić; Ferenc Bagi; Elizabet Janić-Hajnal. Aflatoxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and fumonisin contamination of maize from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 2017, 21, 188 -191.
AMA StyleJovana Kos, Radmilo Čolović, Djuro Vukmirovic, Olivera Djuragic, Vojislava Bursić, Ferenc Bagi, Elizabet Janić-Hajnal. Aflatoxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and fumonisin contamination of maize from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture. 2017; 21 (4):188-191.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana Kos; Radmilo Čolović; Djuro Vukmirovic; Olivera Djuragic; Vojislava Bursić; Ferenc Bagi; Elizabet Janić-Hajnal. 2017. "Aflatoxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and fumonisin contamination of maize from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina." Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 21, no. 4: 188-191.
A reliable and easy method has been used for the multiple mycotoxins determination of AFs, DON, ZEA and FBs in maize samples. Liquid chromatography cou?pled mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used. Mycotoxins have been extracted from maize using a QuEChERS-based extraction procedure. All validation parameters were in accordance with Reg. (EC) No 401/2006. The analyses of eight maize seed samples showed the AFs, DON, ZEA and FBs contamination with the values below the state limit standards.
Gorica Lj. Vuković; Jovana J. Kos; Vojislava P. Bursić; Radmilo R. Čolović; Đuro M. Vukmirović; Igor M. Jajić; Saša Z. Krstović. Determination of multiple mycotoxins in maize using quechers sample preparation and LC-MS/MS detection. Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke 2017, 123 -130.
AMA StyleGorica Lj. Vuković, Jovana J. Kos, Vojislava P. Bursić, Radmilo R. Čolović, Đuro M. Vukmirović, Igor M. Jajić, Saša Z. Krstović. Determination of multiple mycotoxins in maize using quechers sample preparation and LC-MS/MS detection. Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke. 2017; (133):123-130.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGorica Lj. Vuković; Jovana J. Kos; Vojislava P. Bursić; Radmilo R. Čolović; Đuro M. Vukmirović; Igor M. Jajić; Saša Z. Krstović. 2017. "Determination of multiple mycotoxins in maize using quechers sample preparation and LC-MS/MS detection." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke , no. 133: 123-130.
Presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk should be continuously controlled in order to protect the population from risks associated with its proven toxicity and carcinogenicity. During recent years, there has been an increase in demand for development of sensitive, accurate, simple and fast method which is reliable to detect AFM1 at low concentrations found in milk samples. For that purpose, enzyme linked immunosorbent asssay (ELISA), high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) were optimized and validated in order to apply them for AFM1 analysis in naturally contaminated milk samples (n=15), and to assess the closeness of agreement between results of three different methods. The obtained validation parameters indicate that all three methods are suitable for determination of AFM1 in milk samples. The statistical analysis of variance between methods and obtained correlation coefficients indicate that strong correlation exists between methods. All three methods are satisfactory in meeting the requirements for official control purposes.
Jovana Jovan Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Igor Jajić; Saša Krstović; Jasna Mastilović; Bojana Šarić; Pavle Jovanov. Comparison of ELISA, HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS Methods for Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Natural Contaminated Milk Samples. Acta Chimica Slovenica 2016, 63, 747 -756.
AMA StyleJovana Jovan Kos, Elizabet Janić Hajnal, Igor Jajić, Saša Krstović, Jasna Mastilović, Bojana Šarić, Pavle Jovanov. Comparison of ELISA, HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS Methods for Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Natural Contaminated Milk Samples. Acta Chimica Slovenica. 2016; 63 (4):747-756.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJovana Jovan Kos; Elizabet Janić Hajnal; Igor Jajić; Saša Krstović; Jasna Mastilović; Bojana Šarić; Pavle Jovanov. 2016. "Comparison of ELISA, HPLC-FLD and HPLC-MS/MS Methods for Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Natural Contaminated Milk Samples." Acta Chimica Slovenica 63, no. 4: 747-756.