Relevance. The domestic cat (Felis catus) and the eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) belong to the same family — feline, predatory order. The cat was domesticated more than 10 thousand years ago. Lynx is the most promising animal for domestication. It is successfully bred in fur farms and, which is no longer uncommon, is kept by private owners as a pet. At the same time, the anatomy of these animals has not been studied to date. This makes it much more difficult to provide medical care and does not allow us to trace changes in organs with intensive anthropogenic impact on the body during domestication. In this regard, the study of the morphology of the eurasian lynx is very relevant and timely. Material for research (11 eurasian lynx corpses) wasobtained in hunting farms of the North-Western region of the Russian Federation. Corpses of a domestic cat (mestizos) were obtained from veterinary clinics of St. Petersburg (15 animals studied).Methods. A complex of modern and traditional methods was used in the study: fine anatomical dissection, angiorentgenography, computed tomography; production of corrosive and enlightened vascular preparations, morphometry and photographing.Results. The domestic cat (Felis catus) and the eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) have significant differences in the topography and branching of the aortic arch and thoracic aorta, despite the close relationship in taxonomy. The eurasian lynx is characterized by the presence of a brachiocephalic trunk and a trunk of common carotid arteries. Similar vascular structures are absent in a domestic cat. For them, the presence of the brachiocephalic artery and the independent departure of the right and left common carotid arteries, without the formation of a common trunk, was established. At the same time, we state that some main arterial transport vessels and their branches in these animals have common principles of location. This pattern has been determined for the vertebral, internal and external thoracic arteries, including their branches of the first order.

The aim of this research was to establish features of the liver histo-hematic barriers ultrastructural organization of the Anglo-Nubian goat. The liver of an adult Anglo-Nubian goat was used as the material. The work was carried out using the electron microscopic method. Liver parenchymal tissue fragments were selected. These samples were fixed in a 2.0% glutaraldehyde solution on a cacodylate buffer for two hours. They were then washed in three portions of the same buffer and post-fixed in a 1.0% solution of osmium tetrachloride for one hour. The samples were then dehydrated in alcohols of ascending concentration and absolute acetone. The subsequent filling of the fragments was carried out in Epon-812. Ultrathin sections were obtained on an ultramicrotome, contrasted with a 2.0% aqueous solution of uranyl acetate and a solution of lead citrate. The ultrathin sections were photographed with a Jem-1011 electron microscope at magnifications of 2500-3000. Two histo-hematic barriers are detected in the liver of the studied animals hemato-hepatic and hepatobiliary. The hemato-hepatic barrier is formed by the plasmalemma of the apical end of the hepatocyte, covered by the glycocalyx, the perisinusoidal space of the Disse, the endotheliocyte of the sinusoid capillary, as well as Kupfer cells located in the lumen of the latter. The hepatobiliary includes all of the above structures, with the exception of Kupfer cells, as well as the plasmalemma of the basal end of the hepatocyte. All of the above structures in their organization have characteristic species features for Anglo-Nubian goats.

The nervous system is one of the leading integrating systems of the body. In combination with the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, it unites the body into a single whole. The nervous system controls the level of adaptive reactions of a living organism to changing environmental conditions. The Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) is a typical representative of the order bats. The purpose of our study is to study the macromorphology of individual anatomical structures of the brain of the Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus). The material for the study was four different-sex animals of the Nile bat species (Rousettus aegyptiacus) aged 10-14 years, obtained from private veterinary clinics. The methods for studying the brain of the Nile bat were: fine anatomical dissection, morphometry, photographing, weighing. The work was performed on the basis of the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. As a result of the study, it was found that due to the strong development and large size of the auditory posterior tubercles of the quadrilateral, it is possible to judge the predominance of the auditory analyzer, while the anterior tubercles of the quadrilateral have a relatively small size, most of the structures of the visual analyzer are contained in the neocortex. It was found that there is no division of the cerebellar fragment into anatomical structures in the brain, and the size of the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum in this species is on average 1.30x1.10±0.15x0.10 mm. The absence of pronounced lobes and furrows was revealed, and the Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) belongs to lysencephalic animals. The obtained materials can be used as a reference material for continuing research on the brain of the Nile bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus), as well as in comparative morphology and physiology of humans and animals.

To date, many studies have been conducted on vascular vascularization of the colon in mammals, but few of them concerned the features of the course and branching of vessels, in particular intramural veins with possible surgical interventions on omnivores. In connection with the above about the relevance of rectal research, we set a goal to study venous vascularization of the rectum, and use Yorkshire piglets as a model. Cadaverous material for the study was delivered to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine from the Idavang Agro pig breeding complex in Nurma village, Tosnensky district of the Leningrad Region. The study was conducted according to the third stage of development – the second dairy (22-45 days of the postnatal period), according to the periodization of the life of pigs. To achieve this task, a complex of traditional anatomical research methods was used: fine anatomical dissection, vasorentgenographic, photographing and morphometry. When examining the rectum of Yorkshire piglets, it was found that the main venous highway of this organ is the cranial rectal vein, as well as the presence of a wide network of anastomoses of the pelvic cavity organs should be taken into account when it is possible to spread the pathological process hematogenically from one organ to another. It was also found that the dorsal surface of the rectum is the most blood-supplied, as opposed to the ventral one. The obtained data are necessary for veterinary surgeons to determine the most rational methods of surgical interventions in operations related to pelvic organs.

The economic efficiency of animal husbandry depends on the productivity of the herd, which is usually assessed by analyzing the reproductive performance of females. However, similar indicators of males should be equally taken into account. The accessory sex glands of males are involved in the production of seminal plasma, thereby playing an important role in the reproductive process. The aim of the study is to give a histomorphological characteristic of the accessory sex glands and to determine their functional state in newborn piglets. The object of the study was the accessory sex glands of newborn piglets at the age of 1 day. The vesicular and prostate glands were selected for histological examination. The material was fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin for 24 hours, after which it was poured into paraffin according to the generally accepted method. Then sections with a thickness of 3- 5 microns were made, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Some of the sections were painted with Masson Trichrome, alcian blue. It was found that in newborn piglets, the vesicular gland is located on the dorsal surface of the bladder, at the beginning of the pelvic part of the urethra, the prostate gland is located caudally from the vesicular gland, dorsally from the genitourinary canal. The study established the main histomorphological features of the vesicular and prostate glands in newborn piglets. The parenchyma of the glands is in the stage of functional immaturity, most of the organ is occupied by the connective tissue stroma, among the elements of which there is a large number of fibroblastic cells. At the same time, secretory activity of some end sections of the vesicular gland is noted. The data obtained are the starting point for further studies of the functional activity of the cells of the accessory sex glands in boars.

The nervous system is one of the leading integrating systems of the body. In combination with the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, it unites the body into a single whole. The nervous system controls the level of adaptive reactions of a living organism to changing environmental conditions. The white-bellied hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) is a representative of the order of insectivorous animals. The purpose of our study is to study the macromorphology of individual anatomical structures of the brain of the white-bellied hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris). The material for the study was three heterosexual animals of the white-bellied hedgehog species (Atelerix albiventris) aged 1-4 years, obtained from private veterinary clinics. The methods used to study the brain of the white-bellied hedgehog included: fine anatomical dissection, morphometry, photography, and weighing. The work was carried out at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The brain of the whitebellied hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) (Figure 1, 2.) is arranged in accordance with the general plan of the structure of the mammalian brain, however, it is distinguished by the primitiveness of its development and is classified as lissencephalic in appearance. The average weight of cadaver material from females and males was 200.00±16.09 grams. There was no statistically significant difference between the body weight of females and males. It was also found that the caudal colliculi of the quadrigeminal are comparatively smaller than the cranial colliculi in both sexes, which allows us to conclude that the visual analyzer is relatively better developed in this species than the auditory one. The obtained materials can be used as reference material for continuing research on the brain of the white-bellied hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris), as well as in comparative morphology and physiology of humans and animals.